Nutrition reviews最新文献

{"title":"Diet Habits and Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Potential Implication for Clinical Practice.","authors":"Chloé Matray, Charlotte Debras, Anastasia Chrysovalantou Chatziioannou, Gabriel Perlemuter, Mazda Jenab, Cosmin Sebastian Voican","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Chronic hepatitis infections and alcohol abuse traditionally have been major causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but they are now being gradually outweighed by metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Western dietary patterns along with a sedentary lifestyle are key contributors to the ongoing global metabolic disease epidemic. Little is known about the role of dietary habits in the modulation of HCC risk.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this review was to comprehensively examine established and putative links between dietary components and HCC risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Information provided in International Agency for Research on Cancer monographs and the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research report was used to identify foods, dietary components, and contaminants indicated as confirmed or potential risk factors for HCC. For each identified item, we performed a search in the PubMed database using the Medical Subject Heading terms of the indicated food items, as well as the generic name of the food item. The search was restricted to systematic reviews and meta-analyses, without publication date restrictions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consumption of red and processed meat, high intake of saturated fatty acids, foods with high glycemic load, and even moderate alcohol intake are associated with higher HCC risk. Cellular damage from low-grade chronic inflammation (meta-inflammation), insulin resistance, and alterations to the composition and metabolic activity of the gut microbiota are potential mechanisms whereby Western pattern diets promote liver carcinogenesis. Conversely, consumption of greater amounts of vegetables, legumes, fruits, and whole grain-derived products could provide the proper amount of fiber intake, polyphenols, and low-glycemic index carbohydrates and alleviate the protumorigenic hepatic microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nutritional intervention promoting healthy dietary habits is an attractive long-term strategy to reduce HCC risk. Patients with MASLD without advanced fibrosis, excluded from current HCC screening strategies, might be the main target population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144659774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Human Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Falak Zeb, Tareq Osaili, Mona Hashim, Nadia Alkalbani, Dimitrios Papandreou, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Farah Naja, Hadia Radwan, Hayder Hasan, Reyad Shakir Obaid, Ioannis Savvaidis, Sharifa AlBlooshi, Iftikhar Alam","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Studies findings have suggested that vitamin D plays a critical role in maintaining overall health, including having a potential impact on gut microbiota composition, which influences various physiological processes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the effects of vitamin D supplementation on human gut microbiota composition and diversity by analyzing findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published from January 1, 2015, to November 30, 2024. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement was followed.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Inclusion criteria were RCTs investigating the impact of vitamin D supplementation on gut microbiota, with outcomes measured using high-throughput sequencing techniques. This review included 14 RCTs encompassing a total of 1458 participants of varying health status and supplementation regimens.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Findings demonstrated that vitamin D supplementation modulates gut microbiota composition, with significant increases observed in bacterial taxa associated with anti-inflammatory and gut health-promoting properties, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, as well as an increase in the Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio. Some trials reported enhanced microbial diversity (α and β diversity), and others highlighted variability based on dosage, duration, and baseline vitamin D status. Additionally, specific alterations in microbial biomarkers such as calprotectin and trimethylamine N-oxide, which is linked to vitamin D metabolism, were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although promising, the findings underscore the heterogeneity in study designs and methodologies, emphasizing the need for standardized approaches to assess causality and clinical relevance. This review provides valuable insights into the interplay between vitamin D and gut microbiota, offering a foundation for personalized nutritional strategies targeting microbiome modulation. Future research should explore the long-term effects of vitamin D supplementation on gut microbiota and its implications for health outcomes in diverse populations.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42024628080.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners on Weight Loss and Maintenance, Metabolic Improvement, and Appetite Regulation in Weight Management Programs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Jing Wen, Qianhui Wu, Sihao Li, Yang Liu, Deliang Wen","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Achieving and maintaining weight loss remains a clinical challenge, prompting interest in the potential role of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNSs) in weight management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of NNSs on weight loss, weight maintenance, metabolic outcomes, and appetite regulation within weight-management programs.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, Web of Science, Ovid, Embase, and Cochrane databases up to December 2023.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Effect sizes for body weight and metabolic parameters were expressed as mean differences (MDs), and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were used for hunger scores.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>NNSs showed comparable efficacy with that of control interventions in promoting weight reduction within weight-management programs. However, subgroup analyses revealed significantly greater weight loss with NNSs in the \"mixed consumption\" group (trials with unquantified baseline NNS exposure; MD = -0.89 kg, 95% CI: -1.61 to -0.17) and the \"aspartame\" group (trials using aspartame as the sole NNS; MD = -1.03 kg, 95% CI: -2.01 to -0.05). Regarding metabolic outcomes, NNSs had no significant benefits over controls in improving lipid profiles. For glucose metabolism, insulin levels decreased less in the NNS group compared with the control group (MD = 13.80 pmol/L, 95% CI: 2.67 to 24.93), indicating that NNSs may be less effective in improving insulin sensitivity during weight management. In terms of appetite regulation, NNSs had no significant impact on hunger during the weight-maintenance phase; however, during the weight-loss phase, NNS consumption led to a reduction in hunger compared with the control groups (SMD = -0.16, 95% CI: -0.30 to -0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NNSs may enhance weight loss in \"mixed consumption\" and \"aspartame\" subgroups but do not offer clear benefits for lipid or glucose metabolism improvement. They may help reduce appetite during the weight-loss phase, though further evidence is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144650020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Benefits and Safety of Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation During Preconception, Pregnancy, and Lactation: A Review.","authors":"Jue Liu, Konstantinos Mantantzis, Ligaya Kaufmann, Zigor Campos Goenaga, Olga Gromova, Keiji Kuroda, Hongbo Qi, Nana Tetruashvili, Gian Carlo Di Renzo","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this review we sought to determine the clinical benefits and safety of a multiple micronutrient supplement/supplementation (MMS) throughout preconception, pregnancy, and lactation in the mother and their child.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>No guidelines for pregnancy specifically recommend supplementation with micronutrients other than folic acid and iron or continuing the use of MMS beyond the first trimester. Yet micronutrients are essential during all stages of pregnancy for healthy fetal growth and development and maternal health, with an increased intake of many micronutrients recommended during pregnancy and lactation. The MMS reviewed (Elevit, Bayer) is the most studied prenatal form of MMS, supported by 30 publications reporting studies conducted worldwide over 30 years and used by millions of women over a period of 40 years. Until now, the data have not yet been consolidated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a literature search to identify published studies for trials that used MMS at any stage of the pregnancy journey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Outcomes reported in 30 trials suggested that MMS improves micronutrient status, leads to a healthier reproductive environment during preconception, and can significantly reduce neural tube defects and congenital abnormalities in early pregnancy above and beyond supplementation with folic acid alone. We also found that MMS can reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes during the second and third trimesters, including miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, anemia, preterm birth, and placental insufficiency, and improve docosahexaenoic acid status. In addition, MMS improves the quality of breastmilk and reduces postpartum depression. Using MMS containing 800 μg folic acid is more effective than supplementing with 400 μg folic acid alone. Very few adverse events were reported in infants, almost all of which were considered unrelated to MMS intake. In one cohort, periconceptual MMS in children was linked to higher rates of otitis media and atopic dermatitis than placebo, but these results may be partly attributed to multiple hypothesis testing and differences in family history, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Improving micronutrient status with MMS in women who are trying to conceive, pregnant, or breastfeeding may have beneficial effects on fertility, the integrity of the embryonic environment, development of the embryonic brain and nervous system, and the growth, development, and long-term health of the child.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Patterns Associated With Anti-inflammatory Effects: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.","authors":"Gynette L Reyneke, Kelly Lambert, Eleanor J Beck","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Noncommunicable diseases significantly impact global health, and chronic inflammation is a common pathological feature of these conditions. The relationship between chronic inflammation and dietary intake is increasingly evident, as emerging research elucidates the inflammation-modulating effects of diet.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This umbrella review aimed to systematically collect, summarize, and assess current evidence on the relationship between dietary patterns and inflammatory biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>The CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched from 1990 through March 19, 2025.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of intervention trials and observational studies that assessed the effects or associations of dietary patterns on chronic inflammatory markers were selected. Data extraction, methodological quality assessment, and evaluation of the strength of evidence were independently conducted by 2 authors.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Thirty reviews representing 225 eligible primary studies were included. Fifteen dietary patterns were assessed against a range of inflammatory marker outcomes, reported in 60 unique meta-analyses and 61 narrative syntheses. The findings indicate significant effects and overall beneficial association between the Mediterranean diet and the levels of inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, and adiponectin, with the certainty of evidence (CoE) ranging from high to low. Additionally, a significant inverse association was identified between a vegetarian diet and CRP levels, with low to very low CoE. The findings for other dietary patterns assessed were inconclusive or limited due to the paucity of studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Mediterranean and vegetarian dietary patterns may ameliorate low-grade inflammation in adult populations with at least one chronic condition. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential inflammation-modulating effects of other dietary patterns, considering the significant heterogeneity of comparator diets.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO no. CRD42023472469.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating Without Pleasure: The Concept of Sedatic Hunger.","authors":"Sedat Arslan","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this commentary the concept of and term for \"Sedatic Hunger\" are introduced for a distinct form of hunger characterized by an eating pattern that is driven solely by biological necessity, without being associated with the pursuit of sensory pleasure or psychological satisfaction. Unlike physiological hunger, which leads to satiation and results in satisfaction, or hedonic hunger, which leads to craving for sensory enjoyment but is not necessarily assuaged by satisfaction, Sedatic Hunger represents a neutral, function-focused approach to food. Individuals experiencing Sedatic Hunger treat food merely as fuel, demonstrating marked indifference to taste, aroma, and emotional engagement. In particular, in individuals with depression, restrictive diets, or high-stress lifestyles, approaching food consumption from the perspective of Sedatic Hunger has implications for clinical nutrition and mental health. The Sedatic Hunger Scale (SHS), currently under development by the author, is aimed to allow quantification of this phenomenon and exploration of its relevance across diverse populations. Through recognition of the phenomenon of Sedatic Hunger, our understanding of eating behaviors may be expanded and interventions developed for individuals who experience eating as an obligatory task rather than a pleasurable activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144619482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cereal Fibers and Satiety: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Alicia Machalias, Jessica J A Ferguson, Trish Guy, Eleanor J Beck","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Intake of cereal fiber has been linked to favorable health outcomes, such as lower body weight. Changes in perceived appetite sensations are a possible mechanism. Evidence of varied effects of different cereal fibers on satiety is conflicting.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Considering satiety as a potential mechanism to reduce dietary intake, this study aimed to systematically review the effect of higher cereal fiber intake compared with a lower-fiber control on appetite sensations and ad libitum energy intake, using visual analog scales and subsequent meal intake data.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Literature pertaining to the effects of cereal fibers on satiety outcomes was gathered through Medline, Scopus, CINAHL Plus, and Web of Science.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Randomized crossover intervention studies in healthy humans assessing the effects of cereal fibers on subjective measures of appetite for a minimum of 2 hours, with ≥3-day washout periods, and that detailed the type and amount of fiber delivered for each intervention were eligible. Quality was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist and Health Canada Consistency Tool.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Evidence from 48 studies indicated that cereal fiber intake was associated with favorable effects on satiety and other measures of appetite but limited effects on ad libitum energy intake. Higher cereal fiber intake from rye and oat sources showed superior effects on appetite compared with a lower-fiber control. Wheat and barley fibers as well as functional fibers, resistant starch, and soluble corn fiber, showed a weak effect on appetite sensations and ad libitum energy intake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, a higher intake of cereal fiber compared with a low-fiber control indicates positive effects on satiety measures. Further research is required to assess the influence of physicochemical properties of different cereal fiber types as well as effects of age, gender, and disease state on expression of satiety signals.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023395182.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Microelements in the Individualized Approach to Pediatric Nephrotic Syndrome.","authors":"Elena Jechel, Iuliana Magdalena Starcea, Ancuta Lupu, Adriana Mocanu, Solange Tamara Rosu, Ionela Daniela Morariu, Valentin Munteanu, Razvan Tudor Tepordei, Delia Lidia Salaru, Anton Knieling, Alin Horatiu Nedelcu, Vasile Valeriu Lupu","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a widely studied condition in current research owing to its chronic nature, diverse characteristics, and unique morbidity and mortality patterns. These factors have increased the focus on developing adjunctive and personalized treatment strategies. In line with international guidelines, we performed a review of the scientific literature to explore the role of trace elements in the pathophysiology of pediatric NS. Our primary focus was on strategies for predicting and intervening in the natural progression of the disease. To achieve these goals, we conducted a comprehensive search of the major international databases covering the period from 2000 to 2024. Additionally, we reviewed the bibliographies of the selected publications for previously published key references in the field. The main findings were presented as a narrative, emphasizing the relationship between trace element levels in serum and urine and the progression of pediatric NS, including relapse frequency, infection risk, progression to chronic kidney disease, hospitalization needs, and related complications. A concise overview of the relevant trace elements was also provided. The gathered data overwhelmingly support the connection between trace element deficiency or supplementation and the variability in NS patterns. The practical aim of this article is to raise awareness about the effectiveness and benefits of trace element supplementation in pediatric patients with NS. Moreover, we are confident that the application of this increased understanding of the influence of microelement dynamics on the pathophysiological and therapeutic characteristics will lead to reduced disease-related morbidity children with NS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Vitamin Deficiency With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Review.","authors":"Yansheng Jin, Lan Ding, Maoxiao Fan, Ning Kong","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe pulmonary vascular syndrome characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, which may lead to right-heart failure and death. Nutritional deficiencies have been identified in patients with PAH. However, a comprehensive characterization of vitamin deficiencies in patients with PAH and their potential roles remains lacking. Consequently, this review aims to synthesize existing literature on the roles of vitamins in PAH, encompassing the epidemiology of vitamin deficiencies, observational and interventional studies investigating the therapeutic potential of vitamins in patients with PAH, and the molecular mechanisms through which vitamins may influence endothelial dysfunction and pulmonary vascular remodeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Patterns and Risk of Dementia in Elderly Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies.","authors":"Yuting Wang, Xiaoxia Lin, Lan Cheng, Xinxin Cheng, Jianyun He, Shufang Xia","doi":"10.1093/nutrit/nuaf121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuaf121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Three healthy dietary patterns-the Mediterranean (MED) diet, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet-have all been recognized to show potential protective effects against dementia, but the results are inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study investigated the associations between the 3 healthy dietary patterns and risk of dementia in elderly individuals through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched up to April 12, 2024.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>A total of 12 studies, involving 14 cohorts, were included.</p><p><strong>Data analysis: </strong>Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the highest vs lowest category of dietary adherence were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to identify the potential sources of heterogeneity. The pooled HR in the MED diet was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.71-1.03) based on 51 581 participants, while in the DASH diet and the MIND diet with 36 123 and 18 328 participants, the pooled HRs were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.60-1.06) and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.68-0.89), respectively. In the subgroup analysis, the pooled HRs for the MED diet were 0.72 (95% CI: 0.55-0.93) when the follow-up duration was 10 years or less, and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.48-0.82) when the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke and the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria were used.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adherence to the MIND diet could be an effective nonpharmacological measure to reduce the risk of dementia among the elderly.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO registration no. CRD42024532389.</p>","PeriodicalId":19469,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}