npj Climate and Atmospheric Science最新文献_第5页

Impacts of abatement in anthropogenic emissions in the context of China’s carbon neutrality on global photovoltaic potential 中国碳中和背景下的人为排放减排对全球光伏潜力的影响

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01005-z

Zhiyao Hu, Zhili Wang, Zhun Guo, Yadong Lei, Xiaochao Yu, Yingfang Li, Lin Liu, Huizheng Che, Xiaoye Zhang

{"title":"Impacts of abatement in anthropogenic emissions in the context of China’s carbon neutrality on global photovoltaic potential","authors":"Zhiyao Hu, Zhili Wang, Zhun Guo, Yadong Lei, Xiaochao Yu, Yingfang Li, Lin Liu, Huizheng Che, Xiaoye Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-01005-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01005-z","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic emission reductions resulting from carbon neutrality and clean air policies in China, one of the world’s major emitters of carbon dioxide (CO2) and aerosols, are likely to influence regional and global photovoltaic (PV) outputs by affecting climate change. Here, we use the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2) to assess quantitatively how China’s emission reductions toward carbon neutrality will influence the PV potential (PVPOT) and the extremely low PV outputs in the mid-21st century (2041−2060). We find that the large reductions in anthropogenic emissions in the context of China’s carbon neutrality will increase the PVPOT and reduce the occurrence of extremely low PV outputs over some regions in the mid-low latitude continents, especially in East Asia, mainly through increasing the downwelling solar flux at the surface. Our results indicate that China’s carbon neutrality and clean air policies will not only trigger local positive feedback between anthropogenic emission reductions and PV increases but will also generate additional PV enhancements to remote regions, including eastern Australia, South Asia, southern Africa, and eastern South America. This will ultimately accelerate the process of global carbon neutrality in the coming decades.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The dominant role of aerosol’s CCN effect in cloud glaciation 气溶胶CCN效应在云冰川作用中的主导作用

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00999-w

Iqra Munawar, Yannian Zhu, Minghuai Wang, Daniel Rosenfeld, Jihu Liu, Yichuan Wang

{"title":"The dominant role of aerosol’s CCN effect in cloud glaciation","authors":"Iqra Munawar, Yannian Zhu, Minghuai Wang, Daniel Rosenfeld, Jihu Liu, Yichuan Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00999-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00999-w","url":null,"abstract":"The microphysical process of glaciation in clouds plays a crucial role in determining cloud dynamics, precipitation, atmospheric heat budgets, and the water cycle. Utilizing a year of global satellite data from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA2) reanalysis, this study investigates the impact of aerosols on glaciation temperature (Tg) in deep convective clouds. Our results highlight the critical role of cloud droplet effective radius (re) at –5 °C in determining the Tg, where a greater re at –5 °C (re-5) corresponds to a warmer Tg, indicating the dominant role of the cloud drop size rather than INP. Specifically, the accelerated glaciation process is primarily due to the presence of larger supercooled droplets that freeze more rapidly. Large supercooled cloud droplets may enhance the secondary Ice Process (SIP), which could mask the influence of ice nucleating particles (INPs) in primary ice nucleation. Notably, at a fixed re-5, increasing the concentration of both fine and coarse aerosols has a minimal impact on Tg, indicating that the influence of INPs is weaker compared to the effect of re-5 in determining cloud glaciation temperature. Consequently, aerosols functioning as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) substantially impact cloud glaciation rather than INP. Additionally, we observe that fine and coarse aerosols acting as CCN have significant yet opposing effects on re-5. Although fine and coarse aerosols impact re-5, the re-5 maintains a fairly consistent relationship with Tg. Based on these insights, a multiple linear regression model predicts Tg with a robust correlation coefficient of 0.87, serving as a reference for establishing a parameter space of Tg by re-5 and aerosols, which can be applied for improving climate and global models.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased multi-year La Niña since 1960s driven by internal climate variability 自20世纪60年代以来，由内部气候变率驱动的多年La Niña增加

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00994-1

Shichu Liu, Lu Dong, Lixin Wu, Wenju Cai, Fengfei Song, Fan Jia, Tao Geng, Michael J. McPhaden, Yishuai Jin

{"title":"Increased multi-year La Niña since 1960s driven by internal climate variability","authors":"Shichu Liu, Lu Dong, Lixin Wu, Wenju Cai, Fengfei Song, Fan Jia, Tao Geng, Michael J. McPhaden, Yishuai Jin","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00994-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00994-1","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-year La Niña (ML) has occurred more frequently since the 1960s, but whether and to what extent it is due to external forcing remains unknown. Here, using 15 large ensemble (LENS) experiments under the same external forcing with ~500 realizations, we find that external forcings contribute only 18% of the post-1960 ML increase. The observed ML increase is mainly attributed to the higher transition rate of strong El Niño (SE) into ML because of increased SE amplitude, with a relatively small contribution from its increased frequency. However, the SE amplitude remains unchanged in the experiments under external forcing. It suggests that internal variability plays a dominant role in the increased SE amplitude in observations, hence increases its transition and the ML frequency. Associated with stronger SE, some factors outside the tropical Pacific become more active, also favoring ML development. The essential role of internal variability is confirmed by comparing the SE amplitude and ML frequency changes in members with the highest increased transition rate across LENS with observations.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the relationship between monthly mean surface temperature and tornado days in the United States 美国月平均地表温度与龙卷风日数的关系

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00993-2

Kimberly A. Hoogewind, Vittorio A. Gensini, Harold E. Brooks

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the complexities of rain-on-snow events in High Mountain Asia 揭开亚洲高山地区雨雪事件的复杂性

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00943-y

Yupeng Li, Fan Sun, Yaning Chen, Gonghuan Fang, Zhi Li, Weili Duan, Jingxiu Qin, Xueqi Zhang, Baofu Li

{"title":"Unraveling the complexities of rain-on-snow events in High Mountain Asia","authors":"Yupeng Li, Fan Sun, Yaning Chen, Gonghuan Fang, Zhi Li, Weili Duan, Jingxiu Qin, Xueqi Zhang, Baofu Li","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00943-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00943-y","url":null,"abstract":"Rain-on-snow (ROS) events, defined as rainfall on a snow-covered landscape, pose a significant flood risk. While climate change is altering precipitation patterns and snow cover in High Mountain Asia (HMA), our understanding of ROS patterns and their underlying mechanisms remains limited. This study comprehensively analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution, trends, and potential flood risks associated with ROS (snow water equivalent (SWE) ≥ 1 mm and rainfall ≥ 1 mm) and ROS flood (SWE ≥ 10 mm and rainfall ≥ 10 mm) events in HMA using SWE and ERA5-Land rainfall data. Approximately 37.1% of HMAs have had at least one ROS event during hydrological years from 1979 to 2018 and their frequency increased with elevation. The dominant seasons for ROS production were winter at low altitudes, spring at mid-altitudes, and summer at high altitudes. Trend analysis revealed that lower elevations showed a decline in ROS events attributable to reduced SWE; whereas, higher elevations experienced an increase owing to a shift from snowfall to rainfall. ROSflood events significantly accelerated snowmelt (1.27-times faster than non-ROS events, respectively). ROSflood events, though low-frequent, accounted for 2.52% and 1.55% of the total regional rainfall and snowmelt, respectively, with the main flood risk concentrated in mid-altitude regions around 3.0‒4.5 km. This research provides a scientific basis for water resource management, flood prediction, and adaptation in HMA.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What made 2023 and 2024 the hottest years in a row? 是什么让 2023 年和 2024 年连续成为最热的年份？

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01006-y

Shang-Ping Xie, Ayumu Miyamoto, Pengcheng Zhang, Yu Kosaka, Yu Liang, Nicholas J. Lutsko

引用次数: 0

Tropical cyclones enhance photosynthesis in moisture-stressed regions of India 热带气旋促进了印度水分紧张地区的光合作用

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00988-z

Rahul Kashyap, Jayanarayanan Kuttippurath

引用次数: 0

Future climate response to observed strong El Niño analogues 未来气候对观测到的强厄尔尼诺Niño类似物的响应

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-01003-1

Paloma Trascasa-Castro, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Amanda C. Maycock

引用次数: 0

Biological enhancement of cloud droplet concentrations observed off East Antarctica 在东南极洲观测到的云滴浓度的生物增强

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00990-5

Marc D. Mallet, Branka Miljevic, Ruhi S. Humphries, Gerald G. Mace, Simon P. Alexander, Alain Protat, Scott Chambers, Luke Cravigan, Paul J. DeMott, Sonya Fiddes, James Harnwell, Melita D. Keywood, Greg M. McFarquhar, Ian McRobert, Kathryn A. Moore, Caleb Mynard, Chiemeriwo Godday Osuagwu, Zoran Ristovski, Paul Selleck, Sally Taylor, Jason Ward, Alastair Williams

引用次数: 0

Weakened influence of ENSO on the East Asian summer monsoon since the early 2000s 2000年代初以来ENSO对东亚夏季风影响减弱

IF 9 1区地球科学

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1038/s41612-025-00983-4

Tiantian Yu, Wen Chen, Ping Huang, Gang Huang, Xianke Yang

{"title":"Weakened influence of ENSO on the East Asian summer monsoon since the early 2000s","authors":"Tiantian Yu, Wen Chen, Ping Huang, Gang Huang, Xianke Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41612-025-00983-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-00983-4","url":null,"abstract":"El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was identified as the dominant factor influencing the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM), especially after the mid-1970s when the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) response remarkably strengthened. Here, we find that the influence of ENSO on the EASM has been diminishing since the early 2000s. The EASM in wind anomalies associated with the positive phase of ENSO quickly disintegrates in August, changing from an anticyclone over the western North Pacific (WNPAC) to a cyclone over the western North Pacific (WNP), which exerts significant influence on the East Asia rainfall. These weakened EASM responses are closely linked to the changes in ENSO’s rate of decay around the early 2000s. During 1977–1999, ENSO events peaking in the boreal winter frequently display a gradual decay, triggering robust positive ocean–atmosphere feedback, which extends beyond the TIO and involves the WNP. The resultant North Indian Ocean (NIO) warming develops and persists through the decaying summer, maintaining the WNPAC in August. In contrast, ENSO events exhibit a faster decay during 2000–2022, leading to a weakened ENSO-induced TIO feedback. Additionally, the WNP warms up, accompanied by the collapse of the easterly wind response, contributing to the weak summer peak in the NIO. In turn, the weak NIO warming rapidly decays, which cannot sustain the WNPAC in August. This study emphasizes the crucial role of WNP air–sea coupling in the changing influences of ENSO on the EASM.","PeriodicalId":19438,"journal":{"name":"npj Climate and Atmospheric Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0