Obesity Facts最新文献

{"title":"Causal Attributions for Obesity and Weight Loss in the Healthy Weight Coaching Program, a 12-Month Online Lifestyle Intervention.","authors":"Madeleine P Jones, Mikko S Venäläinen, Anu Joki, Laura-Unnukka Suojanen, Kirsi H Pietiläinen, Aila J Ahola","doi":"10.1159/000552750","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We investigated how causal attributions - that is, individuals' beliefs about what caused their obesity - are associated with weight loss in a digital lifestyle intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from Healthy Weight Coaching, a 12-month real-world online intervention. Weight and height were self-reported. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using interpolated weights at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. At baseline, participants completed an eight-item questionnaire on causal attributions, rating each as playing no role, some role, or a major role. TwoStep cluster analysis grouped individuals with similar response profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data were available for 1,834 participants (1,524 [83.1%] women, median age 52 years, median BMI 39.1 kg/m2). Participants most frequently attributed obesity to unhealthy dietary habits and lack of physical activity, whereas genetics, family lifestyle habits, and medication were least endorsed. Attributing obesity to stress (somewhat, standardized B = 0.156 [95% CI, 0.051-0.262]; very much, B = 0.204 [95% CI, 0.100-0.307]), fatigue (very much, B = 0.154 [95% CI, 0.073-0.235]), adversities in life (somewhat, B = 0.112 [95% CI, 0.041-0.184]; very much, B = 0.100 [95% CI, 0.024-0.176]), or medication (somewhat, B = 0.089 [95% CI, 0.022-0.155]; very much, B = 0.108 [95% CI, 0.025-0.192]) were associated with lower weight loss compared with those not endorsing these attributions. However, only stress (\"very much\") reached a small effect size according to Cohen's criteria, whereas the remaining associations were negligible in magnitude despite statistical significance. Cluster analysis revealed four clusters. Compared to those behaviourally focused, particularly endorsing dietary habits and physical activity, all other clusters showed higher endorsement of stress, fatigue, and adversities in life, with a cluster labelled multifactorial fully endorsing all eight items. Relative to behaviourally focused, all other clusters had lower odds of ≥5% weight loss and lost less weight (broad lifestyle oriented, B = 0.104 [95% CI, 0.032-0.177], p = 0.004; psychologically burdened, B = 0.144 [95% CI, 0.063-0.225], p < 0.001; multifactorial, B = 0.222 [95% CI, 0.136-0.308], p < 0.001). Only the multifactorial cluster reached a small effect size.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Strong endorsement of stress as a cause of obesity and membership in the multifactorial cluster were associated with less favourable weight loss outcomes. However, effect sizes were small, suggesting limited standalone impact but potential relevance within broader behavioural and psychological treatment contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148176275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Risk of Obesity in European Night Shift Workers: A Study Protocol for Cross-Sectional and Mechanistic Studies in the SHIFT2HEALTH Project.","authors":"Katrin Scionti, Vanessa Schoissengeier, Ivana Vaclavkova, Hella Fleiss, Catalina Cuparencu, Annemarie Olsen, Hannah Jilani, Desiree A Lucassen, Emilie de Zoete, Edith Feskens, Hendriek C Boshuizen, Monique H Vingerhoeds, Meeke Ummels, Sandra Haider, Eva Winzer, Maria Wakolbinger, Richard Crevenna, Galateja Jordakieva, Timothy Hasenöhrl, Michael Wolzt, Marlies Wallner, Monika Riederer, Miriam Ressler, Bianca Fuchs-Neuhold, Christina Höfler, Anna Lena Aufschnaiter, Magdalena Agnieszka Wrzesińska, Katarzyna W Binder-Olibrowska, Paweł Ptaszyński, Jarosław Rakoczy, Coen Dros, Heidi Lammers-van der Holst, Achim Kramer, Bert Maier, Imke Matullat, Kyriaki Papantoniou, Karl-Heinz Wagner","doi":"10.1159/000552231","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Approximately one in five workers in Europe is engaged in shift work. Studies reveal that night shift work leads to an increased risk of overweight, obesity, and related diseases. Yet, the biological and behavioural mechanisms underlying these associations are not fully understood. The cross-sectional and mechanistic studies within the European SHIFT2HEALTH project aim to investigate biological, behavioural, and psychosocial key risk factors responsible for the association between night work and obesity across five European countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multi-centric cross-sectional study is designed to unravel obesogenic risk factors, eating habits and sleep patterns in night shift workers and day workers from the health- and various industrial sectors. Recruitment takes place in Austria, Denmark, Germany, Poland, and the Netherlands, aiming at 500 night shift workers and 500 day workers. Anthropometric measurements, sensory perception and food preference tests are performed, alongside extensive questionnaires. In addition, biological samples (blood, hair, urine, faeces) are collected for biomarker measurements of inflammation, oxidative stress, glycaemic and lipaemic parameters, for microbiome and metabolomics analyses and chronotype assessment. In a nested mechanistic study, night shift workers (N = 200) recruited in Austria and in the Netherlands, additionally collect urine samples from all voids over 24 h during a day shift and a night shift, as well as dried blood spots and tongue swabs at four time points and undergo continuous sleep, activity, and light exposure monitoring through actigraphy. The association between night shift work and its metrics with levels of pre-obesity biomarkers will be evaluated in crude and multivariable-adjusted regression models, adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses by age, gender, sector, and chronotype will be conducted.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the cross-sectional and mechanistic studies of the SHIFT2HEALTH project, biological, behavioural, and psychosocial factors of night shift workers will be compared with those of day workers across sectors. The outcomes of these studies will serve as a basis for future intervention studies and, together, will contribute to the development of strategies to prevent and reduce overweight and obesity to improve the health and well-being of night shift workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The GLP-1 Agonist Exenatide Is Associated with Improved Adherence to Health Behavior and Lifestyle Treatment in Adolescents with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Rasmus Stenlid, Sara Y Cerenius, Gabriel Torbahn, Banu K Aydin, Iris Ciba, Helena Vilén, Katharina Mörwald, Sabine Geiersberger, Kirsten Roomp, Janne Cadamuro, Julian Gomahr, Julia Lischka, Daniel Weghuber, Peter Bergsten, Anders Forslund, Hannes Manell","doi":"10.1159/000552826","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to study the effects of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide on behavioral outcomes in children and adolescents with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study reports pre-specified secondary outcomes of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in adolescents with obesity, aged 10-18 years. Participants (n = 44) were randomized to 6 months treatment with exenatide or placebo, along with a lifestyle intervention consisting of nutritional advice from a dietitian and sessions with a psychologist to optimize physical activity. Change in choices of food and drink, portion sizes, meal frequency, sleep, screen time, and physical activity were assessed by 6-min walking test, accelerometry, and questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exenatide treatment was associated with improved adherence to choices of recommended food and drinks (score change 4.34, 95% CI: 1.05-7.63, p = 0.01, Hedges' g 0.82, 95% CI: 0.17-1.49), decreased portion size (score change -4.05, 95% CI: -6.51 to -1.58, p = 0.002, Hedges' g -1.29, 95% CI: -2.13 to -0.45), and increased self-reported physical activity (1.82 h, 95% CI: 0.68-2.96, p = 0.002 Hedges' g 0.97, 95% CI: 0.33-1.62), while no differences in meal frequency, snacking, sleep, screen time, objectively measured physical fitness or activity were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exenatide treatment was associated with modest improvements in selected self-reported dietary behaviors, including improved adherence to recommended food and drink choices and reduced portion sizes, as well as increased self-reported physical activity, although no changes were observed in objective measures of physical activity or other lifestyle factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redefining Obesity and Risk: Extending the 2024 European Association for the Study of Obesity Framework with Morbidity Stratification in the UK Biobank.","authors":"Mingliang Tan, Xianming Tang, Wenbin Nan, Zhenyu Peng, Zhenhua Xing","doi":"10.1159/000552804","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The 2024 European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) framework redefines obesity by incorporating central adiposity and morbidity. However, the phenotypic characterization of risk heterogeneity across the full body mass index (BMI) spectrum under this framework - and its prognostic implications for mortality and cardiovascular outcomes - remain to be elucidated. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the ability of this new framework to improve phenotypic stratification and describe risk heterogeneity across BMI categories.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 451,615 UK Biobank participants (median follow-up, 15.1 years), obesity was defined using (1) the EASO framework (which reclassifies individuals with BMI 25 to <30 kg/m2 into \"EASO overweight\" [WHtR <0.5 and/or absence of morbidity] and \"EASO new obesity\" [WHtR ≥0.5 and the presence of at least one morbidity]), and (2) an extended EASO framework incorporating morbidity stratification across all BMI categories. Cox proportional hazards models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Applying the EASO framework reclassified 15.62% of individuals previously categorized as having overweight into the category of people with obesity. Consequently, the prevalence of obesity increased from 24.50% to 40.12%. Two distinct risk patterns emerged: all-cause mortality showed a V-shaped association across adiposity categories, whereas MACE risk increased linearly with higher adiposity. Compared with normal weight, EASO overweight had the lowest mortality (HR 0.82 [95% CI: 0.80-0.84]), while EASO new obesity showed a comparable risk (0.96 [0.94-0.99]). The highest mortality risk was observed in BMI obesity (1.05 [1.02-1.08]). For MACE, EASO overweight had no excess risk (1.04 [0.99-1.09]), whereas both EASO new obesity and BMI obesity faced the highest and most substantial risks, with HRs of 1.35 (1.29-1.42) and 1.38 (1.32-1.45), respectively. When stratified by morbidity, the V-shaped mortality association was preserved and MACE risk remained linear. Individuals with morbidity consistently exhibited higher risks across all adiposity categories, indicating a vertical shift in risk rather than a change in association shape.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The EASO framework substantially increases obesity prevalence and better identifies individuals with adverse metabolic and cardiovascular profiles. Morbidity does not alter the overall pattern of mortality and cardiovascular risk across adiposity levels but consistently amplifies absolute risk, supporting a morbidity-integrated approach to obesity phenotyping and risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148144140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initiation of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Treatment after Bariatric Metabolic Surgery and Major Adverse Cardiac Events.","authors":"Orna Reges, Wiessam Abu Ahmad, Noga Oz-Ramot, Erez Battat, Philip Greenland, Ronen Arbel, Yael Wolff Sagy, Gil Lavie, Dror Dicker","doi":"10.1159/000551805","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bariatric metabolic surgery (BMS) alone or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) alone are known to reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). However, the benefit for primary prevention of MACE with use of GLP-1RA treatment after BMS is unclear. This retrospective cohort study assessed the associations of post-BMS GLP-1RA treatment with first incidence of MACE/all-cause mortality, as well as with predicted cardiovascular (CVD) risk and body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin-A1c (HbA1c) levels, among patients with obesity and diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults who initiated GLP-1RA post-BMS were compared with individuals who did not. Groups were matched based on age, sex, BMI, HbA1c, years since BMS, and the nearest-neighbor propensity score for the probability of receiving GLP-1RA. Follow-up began at GLP-1RA initiation and ended on December 31, 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population included 476 GLP-1RA initiators and 952 matched BMS-only patients (mean [SD] age: 48.7 [9.5] years; 1,046 [73.2%] women). GLP-1RA initiation after BMS was associated with reduction in BMI (-7.0%) and HbA1c (-13.0%) and higher diabetes remission (78.0% vs. 61.6%). Ten-year predicted CVD risk was similar between users and nonusers before treatment initiation (0.053%) but was significantly lower among users during follow-up (0.039% vs. 0.046%). During a mean (SD) follow-up of 1.4 (0.8) years (maximum ∼10.6 years), there were 12.7 per 1,000 person months (n = 17) and 10.6 per 1,000 person months (n = 7) new cases of MACE and all-cause mortality in the BMS-only and GLP-1RA post-BMS group, respectively. No overall statistically significant association was observed between initiation of GLP-1RA after BMS and MACE/all-cause mortality. However, significant interaction was observed with time since BMS (p = 0.04), with a lower risk of MACE/all-cause mortality as the time from BMS increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Initiation of GLP-1RAs after BMS was associated with lower BMI and HbA1c levels, higher diabetes remission, and reduced predicted CVD risk among patients with diabetes and obesity. Overall, GLP-1RA treatment after BMS did not further reduce the risk of MACE/all-cause mortality compared to BMS alone after a mean follow-up of 1.4 years. Given the observed time-dependent benefit of treatment after BMS, longer follow-up studies are needed to determine the optimal timing for initiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13387749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147982179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial Outcomes of the Fast Track to Health Clinical Trial in Adolescents with Obesity.","authors":"Natalie B Lister, Louise A Baur, Megan L Gow, Eve T House, Cathy Kwok, Krista A Varady, Hiba Jebeile","doi":"10.1159/000551890","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adolescent obesity requires effective and accessible treatment. Intensive dietary interventions may be used as adjunctive therapy to behavioral interventions and lead to weight loss. The effects of behavioral interventions on psychosocial outcomes are mixed, and the impact of intensive interventions with shifts away from normal eating habits and social norms is not clear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescents (13-17 years) with obesity and ≥1 complication participated in a 52-week RCT, conducted 2018-2023 (ACTRN12617001630303). The intervention compared a 4-week very low energy diet followed by intermittent or continuous energy restriction (48 weeks). Anthropometry and psychosocial health were assessed at baseline, weeks 4, 16, and 52 including Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS), Body Appreciation Scale (BAS), and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Intention-to-treat analysis using linear mixed models investigated changes over time between intervention groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 141 adolescents (70 female) were enrolled and 97 (48 female) completed the intervention. There were significant reductions in external eating (DEBQ, p < 0.001), weight bias internalization (WBIS, p < 0.001), anxiety (DASS, p < 0.001), and stress (DASS, p = 0.082) and significant increases in self-esteem (RSE, p < 0.001) and body appreciation (BAS, p < 0.001) in both groups. There were increases in dietary restraint (DEBQ, p = 0.595) and decreases in emotional eating (DEBQ, p = 0.645) and depression (DASS, p = 0.381) which returned to baseline by the end of intervention. Reductions in BMI z-score were significantly associated with improvements in emotional eating (r = 0.215, p = 0.046, n = 87) and body appreciation (r = -0.235, p = 0.027, n = 88).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intensive interventions incorporating dietary and behavioral components were associated with improvements in psychosocial health among adolescents with obesity-associated complication.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147932256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional Phenotyping of the OB-DIGITHUM Cohort of 1,014 Adults with Obesity across Four Sex- and Age-Stratified Profiles.","authors":"Clotilde Vázquez, Teresa Montoya-Alvarez, Jersy Cárdenas-Salas, Bogdana Luiza Luca, Amalia Paniagua, Yvonne Fernández, Víctor Pérez de Arenaza, Clara Marijuán, Francisco Arrieta, Claudia Causso, Leopoldo García-Valdecasas, Roberto Sierra, Irene Hoyas, Sebastián Mas-Fontao","doi":"10.1159/000552187","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity heterogeneity by sex and age is crucial for precise risk stratification. Limited phenotyping obscures sex-specific risks and contributes to diagnostic and treatment disparities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study of 1,014 adults with obesity (68% women; median age 50) from four Madrid Obesity Centers using a digital pathway (OB-DigiThum) including anthropometry, bioimpedance, biomarkers, and comorbidity screening. Fat mass (FM) and skeletal muscle mass (SMM) were normalized to body surface area (FM/BSA; SMM/BSA). Participants were stratified into four predefined sex and age-groups (female <50, female ≥50, male <50, male ≥50). Multidimensional phenotyping was performed using discriminant analysis and hierarchical clustering applied to standardized group-level mean profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Women had higher FM/BSA and lower SMM/BSA than men (p < 0.001), highlighting BMI's limitations. With age, women's BMI fell despite stable/increasing fat due to muscle loss (sarcopenic risk). Men showed more cardiometabolic disease overall, but post-menopausal women experienced sharp rises in type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Psychological distress was more frequent in women; bulimic behaviors appeared in younger men. Physical inactivity was common; Mediterranean diet adherence was relatively strong, especially in participants aged ≥50 years. The four sex- and age-stratified profiles showed distinct patterns in body composition, metabolic risk, and psychological burden, supporting differential risk stratification across groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sex and age strongly shape obesity phenotypes. Post-menopausal women face accelerated metabolic deterioration and sarcopenia. FM/BSA and SMM/BSA enhance risk profiling. Sex- and age-tailored metabolic, physical, and mental health screening should guide personalized management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13345640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Scale: Health-Related Quality of Life and Weight Loss in a 12-Month Digital Lifestyle Intervention.","authors":"Aila J Ahola, Anu Joki, Mikko S Venäläinen, Sakris K E Kupila, Laura-Unnukka Suojanen, Kirsi H Pietiläinen","doi":"10.1159/000552284","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity is associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We examined the associations between HRQoL and weight loss in a 12-month real-world digital lifestyle intervention, the Healthy Weight Coaching (HWC) program.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At baseline, participants self-reported their weight, height, and waist circumference, followed by weekly weight and quarterly waist tracking. HRQoL was assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months using the RAND-36, which covers eight domains (physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health) where higher scores indicate better HRQoL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 1,848 participants (82.9% women, median age 52 years, median body mass index 39.1 kg/m2) showed that higher baseline body mass index correlated with lower HRQoL in physical functioning, bodily pain, general health, and social functioning. Using K-means clustering, we identified three distinct clusters: high HRQoL, physical health burden, and globally low HRQoL. Lower baseline HRQoL in vitality, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health, as well as membership in the globally low HRQoL cluster, predicted smaller weight loss. Participation in HWC was associated with improvements across all HRQoL domains. Each 5% weight loss corresponded to increases of 3.8 points in general health, 3.3 points in physical functioning, 2.3 points in vitality, 2.1 points in bodily pain, 1.2 points in social functioning, and 1 point in mental health. Participants who lost ≥5% of their weight experienced greater improvements in physical functioning and general health compared with those who lost <5%. Membership in the globally low HRQoL cluster and below-median baseline scores in role limitations due to physical health, general health, and vitality predicted higher dropout rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Digital lifestyle programs may improve both weight outcomes and the overall lived experience of individuals seeking weight management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renin-to-Aldosterone Ratio Is Associated with Ambulatory Blood Pressure Levels and Control in Treated Hypertensive Patients with Overweight or Obesity.","authors":"Matteo Landolfo, Francesco Spannella, Alessandro Gezzi, Federico Giulietti, Chiara Mercanti, Carlo Turchetti, Sara Moriglia, Riccardo Sarzani","doi":"10.1159/000552327","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Combination therapy, including a renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RASi) and a thiazide diuretic (TZD) or a calcium channel blocker (CCB), is the first-line approach in hypertension management and modulates circulating markers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Excess adiposity may induce renin-aldosterone axis dysregulation and contribute to blood pressure variability and treatment resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the association between the renin-to-aldosterone ratio (RAR) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in treated hypertensive patients with central overweight (OW) or obesity (OB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional design, 97 adults with essential hypertension and OW/OB on stable RASi + TZD and/or CCB therapy were matched with 97 normal-weight hypertensive controls. All participants underwent 24-h ABPM and orthostatic direct renin concentration (DRC) and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) measurements. RAR was calculated as the ratio between DRC and PAC. For the analyses, values were normalized using natural logarithm (Ln).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LnRAR and LnDRC were inversely associated with 24-h, daytime, and night-time ABP levels in controls, but not in OW/OB patients. However, higher LnRAR and LnDRC values were linked to greater odds of achieving ABP control in both OW/OB and normal-weight for 24h [LnRAR OR 1.74 (1.25-2.42), p = 0.001 in OW/OB], daytime, and night-time periods, whereas LnPAC showed no significant associations. Two-way ANOVA confirmed that patients with controlled ABP had higher median LnRAR and LnDRC values than those with uncontrolled ABP, regardless of weight status (p for interaction >0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RAR, primarily driven by higher DRC levels and likely linked to a pharmacologic response to RAS inhibition, shows a mechanism-based association with ABP control in treated hypertension, regardless of the presence of visceral OB.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13336805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Prevalence and Overlap of Neurodevelopmental Problems in Children with Obesity.","authors":"Maria Dellenmark-Blom, Kajsa Järvholm, Lovisa Sjögren, Anna Levinsson, Anna Björk, Jovanna Dahlgren","doi":"10.1159/000552403","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim was to identify neurodevelopmental diagnoses and problems and the extent of their overlap in children undergoing obesity treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Totally, 139 children (72 girls; mean age 12.7 years, mean BMI SDS 3.1) were recruited from three obesity clinics in Sweden. Motor, executive, perception, memory, language, learning, social, and emotional/behavioural functioning were assessed with an age-normed questionnaire. Scores ≥ the 90th percentile were considered indicative of problems with probable clinical relevance in each domain. Neurodevelopmental diagnoses were subsequently collected from the patients' records. The proportion of children exceeding the clinical threshold in each domain was compared with the expected population frequency (10%) and between participants with and without neurodevelopmental disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion exceeding the 90th percentile was significantly higher than the expected 10% in all domains: ranging from 33.6% (memory functioning) to 54.0% (emotional/behavioral functioning) (p < 0.001). Neurodevelopmental disorders were diagnosed in 52.5% (73/139). Diagnosed children had higher rates and greater overlap of neurodevelopmental problems than children without diagnoses (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recognizing neurodevelopmental problems in children with obesity may improve understanding of their needs in obesity treatment settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13336804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}