Obesity Facts最新文献

{"title":"Memory function, weight loss and eating disorder psychopathology in bariatric surgery patients: A 5-year follow up study.","authors":"Helene Bergh Nordby, Gro Walø-Syversen, Inger Løkken Eribe, Jon Adalstein Kristinsson, Camilla Lindvall Dahlgren","doi":"10.1159/000548784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548784","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity increases risk of several diseases and cognitive deficits. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for severe obesity, leading to substantial weight loss and memory improvements. This study examines memory, weight loss, and pathological eating behaviors five years postoperatively in a sample of Norwegian bariatric surgery patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Memory, eating behaviors and comorbidity were assessed in 33 bariatric surgery patients (70% female, mean age 41.6 years) at baseline and 5-years after surgery. Self-report measures and standardized tests were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients showed a mean weight loss of 25.7% (SD = 10.6) 5 years following surgery, and significant improvement in verbal long-term memory. Weight loss correlated negatively with binge eating at 5-year follow up, but not grazing. Baseline memory was the only significant predictor of 5-year memory function, accounting for 62 % of the variance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Finding suggest that bariatric surgery have long lasting impact on long term verbal memory. Binge eating was associated with less weight loss, while grazing had no significant impact. Regular monitoring of binge eating could be useful to identify patients in need of extended postoperative treatment and support.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional Characterisation of Eating behaviour in Genetic Obesity - A Systematic Review.","authors":"Emilie Guillon, Béatrice Dubern, Karine Clément, Christine Poitou","doi":"10.1159/000548535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Genetic forms of obesity, including monogenic (MO) and syndromic (SO) obesity, are characterised by severe, early-onset weight gain due to disrupted central regulation of body weight, typically involving key pathways such as the leptin-melanocortin axis. These alterations result in marked hyperphagia and complex eating behaviours, yet clinical characterisation remains limited. This review aimed to describe the multidimensional eating behaviour profiles across genetically confirmed obesity, explore their variability, and evaluate existing assessment tools to support early diagnosis, personalised care, and therapeutic monitoring.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines including publications up to 4 September 2025. A total of 162 studies involving individuals with genetically confirmed SO or MO were analysed. Eating behaviours were categorised into nine dimensions: food-centred thinking, food seeking/stealing, hunger/satiety, ingestive/oral behaviours, nutritional quality, food preferences, food acceptability, loss of control eating, and eating restraint. Assessment tools and methodologies were systematically reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hyperphagia was consistently reported across genetic aetiologies, though definitions and measures remain heterogeneous. Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), the most studied condition was associated with early-onset hyperphagia, increased hunger, pronounced food preoccupation, compulsive food seeking/stealing and strong preferences for carbohydrate-rich, large quantities and unusual food items. Similar behavioural traits were found in other SO and MO, including Bardet-Biedl syndrome, Alström syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, WAGR syndrome, Pseudohypoparathyroidism Ia, 16p11.2 deletion and LEPR, POMC, and MC4R deficiencies. Behavioural traits appeared relatively consistent across sex, age, and genotypes within syndromes. Most studies relied on caregiver reports; existing tools such as the Hyperphagia Questionnaire (HQ) and Food-Related Problem Questionnaire (FRPQ), developed primarily for PWS, did not fully capture the behavioural spectrum or suit all cognitive profiles. Tools applicable to individuals without intellectual developmental disorders, particularly adults living independently, remain scarce.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first systematic review to comprehensively map eating behaviours across rare genetic obesity using a multidimensional approach. It highlights the shared feature of disrupted appetite regulation and emphasises the need for standardised, multidimensional tools suitable for both clinical and research contexts. Better behavioural characterisation will support targeted therapies and improve outcome monitoring in these high-need populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-32"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Explicit Weight Bias in Medical Students: Contribution of Demographics and Educational Factors.","authors":"Pierre Bel Lassen, Alice Bellicha, Claire Carette, Emmanuel Roze, Jean-Michel Oppert, Sébastien Czernichow, Karine Clément, Christine Poitou, Claire Rives-Lange","doi":"10.1159/000547818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547818","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Objective This study assesses explicit weight bias (EWB) among French medical students and its association with demographic factors and educational tools. Methods A cross-sectional study assessed EWB among 1,635 students from two universities between June and September 2024. The Anti-Fat Attitudes Questionnaire measured three dimensions: dislike, fear of fat, and belief in weight controllability (willpower). Academic and demographic data were collected, with scores adjusted for sex. Two educational tools were evaluated: a podcast addressing weight bias (\"Augusta's Oath\") and a clinical rotation in a nutrition department. Results On a 1-to-9 scale where higher scores indicate stronger weight bias, medical students showed a moderate overall score (2.7 +/- 1.1), with low levels of dislike toward individuals with obesity (1.9 +/- 1.2), moderate belief in weight controllability (willpower, 3.1 +/- 1.9), and high levels of personal fear of gaining weight (4.2 +/- 2.1), indicating a persistent presence of explicit weight bias. Men exhibited higher EWB than women. Students who listened to the podcast had significantly lower willpower scores than non-listeners (2.6 +/- 1.5 vs. 3.1 +/- 1.7; p < 0.01) and were half as likely to score above 4 i.e. explicitly expressing bias (59/470; 12% vs. vs. 279/1164; 24%; OR: 0.50, 95% CI: [0.33; 0.74]; p < 0.01). Nutrition rotations were also associated with slightly lower willpower scores (2.8 +/- 1.7 vs. 3.0 +/- 1.7, p < 0.01). Neither educational exposure was associated with dislike or fear scores. Conclusion EWB, especially fear of getting fat and willpower beliefs, is prevalent among French medical students. Educational podcasts show promise in reducing specific biases, offering tools to combat weight stigma in medical education.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145150202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Statistical Validation of the Metabolic Surgery Indication Score (MetSIS) - Standardized Procedure Selection in Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.","authors":"Nadia De Falco, Panagiotis Lainas, Yitka Graham, Teresa Nutile, Giuseppe Signoriello, Simone Squillante, Vincenzo Bottino, Sonja Chiappetta","doi":"10.1159/000548506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) and One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) are two of the three most performed MBS procedures worldwide. Indication for the proper surgical procedure is based on the surgeon's choice, and no validated score for procedure selection exists. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a clinical score, which standardizes procedure selection in metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the importance of obesity complications and comorbidities, we created a Metabolic Surgery Indication Score (MetSIS), including ten clinical and laboratory parameters to categorize the complex disease obesity with its comorbidities: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS), hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, insulin therapy and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Minimum score was 0 points, maximum 12 points. Retrospectively, data from all patients who underwent primary SG or OAGB in a four-year period in our center of excellence for MBS were analyzed. Exclusion criteria included reflux disease (esophagitis  C next to LA Classification) and/or the presence of hiatal hernia ( 3cm) (since these patients undergo RYGB next to the internal protocol) and revisional bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From March 2019 to September 2023, 468 patients underwent SG (n = 363) or OAGB (n = 105) as primary bariatric procedure. Mean BMI was 42.1 kg/m2 (SG) and 48 kg/m2 (OAGB). Patients who underwent SG demonstrated lower MetSIS score, while patients who underwent OAGB had a higher score (p < 0.001). The parameters BMI (p < 0.001), presence of OSAS associated with CPAP treatment (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), T2DM (p < 0.001), insulin requirement (p = 0.001) and MASLD (p = 0.035) were found as statistically significant parameters which influenced procedure choice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MetSIS score is a simple and immediate score, which can be applied during decision making of MBS procedure in routine clinical settings. Further studies are necessary to associate this score to the real metabolic outcome during long-term follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145086721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"Marta Raposo","doi":"10.1159/000547937","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547937","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visceral Adipose Tissue Cut-Points for Increased Metabolic Risk in Chinese Adults using Low Dose Computed Tomography: a Nationwide Multi-Centre Study.","authors":"Yandong Liu, Yanhui Lu, Yongli Li, Dong Yan, Yan Wu, Chunwei Wu, Limei Ran, Yong Lu, Kaiping Zhao, Glen M Blake, Mingzhu Zou, Xiaoguang Cheng, Min Chen","doi":"10.1159/000548333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a significant driver for metabolic disease risk. Low dose computed tomography (LDCT) imaging obtained for other clinical indications is useful for the opportunistic screening of osteoporosis and demonstrates additional potential for the screening of metabolic risk through the measurement of visceral adipose tissue. In this study, we explored LDCT-derived VAT and calculated VAT thresholds indicative of elevated metabolic risk in a population cohort of Chinese men and women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 21,772 adults (64.2% men, 35.8% women) received a LDCT chest scan for routine lung cancer screening between 2018 and 2019, and abdominal VAT area (L2 region) was derived from these scans using QCT software. The presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) was ascertained from clinical records and based on the Chinese national guidelines. All data for this current study were obtained from the China Biobank Project, a prospective, nationwide, multi center population study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MetS was prevalent in 29.5% of men and 10.5% of women. Using ROC curves, the optimum VAT area cut-points to identify MetS were 213 cm2 in men (OR 6.15, 95%CI 5.65 - 6.69) and 136 cm2 in women (OR 9.25, 95%CI 7.58 - 11.4). A further analysis of population attributable risk showed that VAT above threshold was significantly associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome. A population attributable risk for MetS by VAT area above sex-specific cut-points was 70.9% in men and 74.1% in women.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LDCT-based opportunistic screening could identify patients at increased risk of MetS through the evaluation of VAT area and application of sex-specific VAT cut-points. Future cohort studies are needed to ascertain the clinical utility and health economic benefits of the derived cut-points in terms of the prevention of MetS and associated morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Residual Psycho-Nutritional Difficulties and Percentage of Excess Weight Loss 2 Years after Bariatric Surgery: A Controlled Observational Study.","authors":"Alexandrine Robert, Hugo Guillermou, Patrick Lefebvre, Valérie Lacroix, Christine Bourrie-Coron, Sylvie Gateau, Brigitte Daynes, Marie Christine Picot, Audrey Jaussent, David Nocca, Florence Galtier","doi":"10.1159/000547948","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bariatric surgery is increasingly proposed for grade 2 or 3 obesity, yet the failure rate remains around 20-25%. The role of psychological and nutritional factors in this unfavorable outcome remains controversial. This study investigates whether the existence of residual psycho-nutritional difficulties after well-managed preoperative care is associated with reduced effectiveness of bariatric surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between 2017 and 2020, 57 patients with residual psycho-nutritional difficulties after multidisciplinary preparation for bariatric surgery were included in this observational study. These patients were matched with 57 controls without such difficulties, based on age, sex, history of bariatric surgery, type of bariatric surgery planned, and date of validation of surgical indication. To prevent introducing bias into the routine follow-up process, the patients were not informed of the objective of the study. Weight was measured at the time of surgery and at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery. The percentage of excess weight loss (PEWL) was assessed using a linear mixed model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 2 years, the mean PEWL was 70.2% (95% CI [59.6; 80.8]) in patients with residual psycho-nutritional difficulties, compared with 71.4% (95% CI [63.4; 79.4]) in the control group. The rate of change in PEWL over time did not differ significantly between groups in the multivariate model (p = 0.54). No significant difference was found in adherence to surgical follow-up, quality of life at one and 2 years, or evolution of diabetes and hypertension at 2 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Residual psycho-nutritional difficulties did not impact bariatric surgery outcome at 2 years. Therefore, these patients should not automatically be considered at higher risk of failure. Further follow-up at 5 years is ongoing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Anti-Lipolytic Effect of Insulin in Adipocytes Associates with the Magnitude of Dietary Induced Loss in Body Weight and Fat Mass: A Longitudinal Study.","authors":"Daniel P Andersson, Thorkild I A Sørensen, Peter Arner","doi":"10.1159/000547949","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Insulin resistance is prominent in overweight/obesity. We examined if insulin action in fat cells predicts the outcome of therapeutic weight loss.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated 93 adult Swedes with overweight/obesity (body mass index, BMI, 29-50 kg/m2) before and after hypo-energetic high- or low-fat diet for 10 weeks. At baseline, overall insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment, HOMA-IR) and insulin action on lipolysis and lipogenesis in isolated abdominal subcutaneous fat cells were determined. The participants were divided into tertiles based on their values for the cellular insulin action parameters. The relationship to weight loss parameters (fat mass index, fat free mass index, or BMI) was examined by analysis of variance. The influence of baseline age, sex, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity, and BMI was investigated by analysis of covariance. Because the body weight loss (on average 8 kg) did not differ between the diets their respective data were combined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sensitivity (half-maximum effective hormone concentration) of the anti-lipolytic effect of insulin correlated with loss of BMI, body weight, and fat mass index (F ≥ 3.1; p ≤ 0.0495). Body weight loss was about 30% greater in those with highest compared with lowest anti-lipolytic insulin sensitivity, and it was independent of the cofactors mentioned above (F = 8-9; p = 0.004-0.005). However, HOMA-IR, maximum insulin induced anti-lipolysis or lipogenesis and insulin sensitivity of lipogenesis did not associate with loss of BMI or fat mass index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A high anti-lipolytic insulin sensitivity in subcutaneous fat cells independently associates with pronounced weight loss following energy-restricted diet, whereas lipogenesis and overall insulin resistance are not related to weight change.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity Paradox in Critically Ill Patients: Do Patients with Critical Diseases Benefit from Obesity?","authors":"Yingying Wang, Dan Li, Lungang Zhu","doi":"10.1159/000547813","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Overweight and obesity are linked to an elevated risk of numerous serious diseases and health conditions. Despite the detrimental effects associated with these conditions, recent studies have indicated that critically ill patients may experience a survival advantage with higher body mass index. Initial research on the obesity paradox primarily concentrated on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), such as heart failure (HF); however, this focus has now expanded to encompass other critical illnesses, particularly sepsis, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), trauma, and others. Although the obesity paradox has been extensively documented in research, its origins and implications remain subjects of contentious debate.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review elucidates the phenomena and underlying mechanisms supporting the obesity paradox, critically examines recent evidence regarding this paradox in severe diseases, and aims to enhance prognostic assessments and therapeutic strategies in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The obesity paradox exists in multiple kinds of critically ill patients caused by such as sepsis, lung diseases, and CVD. Even obesity does not protect obese patients; it has no association with mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144874322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Clinical Diagnosis and the Application of Auxiliary Imaging in Sarcopenic Obesity.","authors":"Han Wang, Yang Xiao, Lina Han, Guorong Lyu, Shu Lin, Shi-Lin Li","doi":"10.1159/000547689","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenic obesity (SO), characterized by the coexistence of reduced skeletal muscle mass and increased fat mass, impairs physical function and mental health. It is commonly associated with comorbidities such as atherosclerotic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. These conditions elevate the risk of osteoporosis and fractures, which may serve as early clinical indicators of SO. With global economic development and an aging population, the prevalence of SO is rising rapidly.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This narrative review explores recent advances in the clinical diagnosis of SO, with a particular focus on the application of auxiliary imaging techniques in both qualitative and quantitative assessments. The review synthesizes findings from current clinical research and evaluates the role of imaging tools in improving diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies for SO. Despite significant progress, challenges remain in terms of accessibility, cost-efficiency, and practical implementation of these technologies in routine clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>SO is a growing public health concern due to population aging and increasing comorbidities. Diagnostic imaging plays a vital role in enhancing the detection and management of SO. There is a pressing need to develop affordable and accessible diagnostic tools to meet clinical demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12503747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144784899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}