Obesity Facts最新文献

{"title":"From Childhood to Adolescence: Long-Term Trends in Severe Obesity in German Youth (2002-2023).","authors":"Albana Berisha, Wieland Kiess, Ruth Gausche, Christoph Beger, Antje Körner, Ulrike Spielau, Roland Pfäffle, Robert Stein, Anika Kaspar, Mandy Vogel","doi":"10.1159/000546217","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Research on severe obesity (SO) is scarce and often contradictory. As higher weight status persists into adulthood, we aimed to analyze long-term trends in the prevalence of SO in children and adolescents in Germany using a large real-world data set. Furthermore, we analyzed subgroup differences and assessed how the COVID-19 pandemic affected weight status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from the CrescNet auxological network, including 1,495,401 clinical visits by 4- to 16-year-old children (2002-2023). Weight trends were examined with a focus on SO using logistic regression, stratified by sex and age. Effects are reported as odds ratio per 5 years (OR5) pre-pandemic and as OR for consecutive years during the pandemic. Quantile regression assessed trends of the 50th, 90th, 97th, and 99th percentiles of excess weight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pre-pandemic, SO remained stable or declined in children under 12 until 2010: OR5: 0.8-1, p < 0.001) but rose significantly afterward (OR5: 1.1-1.2, p < 0.001). Children between 12 and 16 years of age showed a continuous increase, especially boys (boys12-16: OR5: 1.3, girls12-16: OR5: 1.1, p < 0.001). During the pandemic, SO peaked in 2021 across all groups (OR21 vs. 19: 1.3-1.7, p < 0.001). By 2023, younger children had returned to pre-pandemic levels, while older children, particularly 8- to 16-year-old girls, remained at higher weights (OR23 vs. 19: 1.2-1.5, p < 0.001-0.002). Weight gain was most prominent in SO groups but could also be seen in pre-pandemic and pandemic overweight and obesity subgroups, generally decreasing toward the end of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SO has increased over the last 2 decades, with the COVID-19 pandemic accelerating this trend, particularly in adolescents. While younger children recovered by 2023, excess weight in older children, especially girls, continues to escalate.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare Professionals' Attitudes about Parturients Living with Obesity and Overweight: A Quantitative Study.","authors":"Salwa M Al Obeisat, Tahani Abdel-Nabi, Karimeh Alnuaimi, Salam Bani Hani, Lina Mrayan, Issa Hweidi, Abdulqadir Nashwan","doi":"10.1159/000546113","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence of obesity and overweight has risen to an epidemic level globally, posing significant challenges to healthcare systems. Studies revealed that individuals with obesity and overweight frequently face negative societal perceptions and are often blamed for their weight. Healthcare personnel are not exempt from biases associated with obesity, which can affect their interaction with patients. As frontline providers of care, healthcare professionals play a critical role in managing obesity and related health conditions. However, their attitudes toward individuals with obesity and overweight can influence the quality of care provided, patient satisfaction, and health outcomes. The current study assesses healthcare professionals' attitudes about parturients living with overweight and obesity in northern Jordan, as well as the sociodemographic factors associated with their attitudes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a cross-sectional, descriptive design, this study recruited a convenience sample consisting of 62 obstetricians, 30 registered nurses, and 95 certified midwives from labor units. Participants completed a questionnaire concerning their sociodemographic characteristics, and Arabic versions of the Fat Phobia Scale (FPS) and Nurses' Attitudes toward Obesity and Obese Patients Scale (NATOOPS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall mean scores of the sample on both scales indicated negative attitudes. Most of the sample was female, married, and aged 29 years. Midwives held more positive attitudes than did obstetricians and nurses. Most participants perceived parturients living with overweight and obesity as overate people, shapeless, slow, and unattractive. Younger participants with long years of experience held less negative attitudes than the rest of the sample. The ANOVA test results showed significant differences in attitudes toward parturients living with overweight and obesity based on age and educational level. Participants with PHD in medicine and a BS in midwifery held positive attitudes. Post hoc Tukey HSD test indicated that the mean (FPS) of the PhD holders and the bachelor's midwifery holders was significantly lower than that of the diploma in midwifery holders (p = 0.012 and p < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is necessary to treat maternal obesity more adequately in both beginning education courses and continuing professional education seminars for working professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12187162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectivity and Safety of Naltrexone/Bupropion in Patients Suffering from Overweight and Obesity in a Real-World Setting.","authors":"Marijn T F Jense, Lars Knibbeler, Roel P L M Hoogma, Inge H Palm-Meinders, Jan Willem M Greve, Evert-Jan G Boerma","doi":"10.1159/000545967","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bariatric and metabolic surgery carries risks of complications and may affect food tolerance. For patients who are overweight or do not meet surgical criteria, alternative weight loss strategies must be explored. One such option is naltrexone/bupropion (NB) treatment. This study evaluates the impact of NB treatment combined with lifestyle intervention on weight loss over 12 months in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study included all patients initiating NB treatment at the Dutch Obesity Clinic from February 2021 to October 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 98 patients (17.5% male; median age 49 [43-53]; median BMI 35.4 [33.0-39.1]), mean percentage total weight loss (SD) was 7.9% (4.2) at 3 months, 10.3% (6.5) at 6 months, and 11.5% (8.3) at 12 months. During the buildup phase, 23.5% of patients experienced nausea/vomiting, 19.4% reported headaches, and 28.6% had constipation. At optimal dosage, 39.8% experienced side effects, with 33% reporting multiple symptoms. Treatment discontinuation within 12 months occurred in 52.7% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NB treatment combined with lifestyle intervention results in significant weight loss after 6 and 12 months. Despite high discontinuation rates due to multiple reasons including side effects, NB treatment in combination with lifestyle intervention may be of interest for a specific population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12148336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Status and Patients' Satisfaction on the Long Term after Metabolic/Bariatric Surgery.","authors":"Lucia Lehner, Moritz Zawodsky, Jakob Eichelter, Gerhard Prager, Daniel Moritz Felsenreich, Paul Fellinger, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Peter Wolf, Michael Krebs, Hannes Beiglböck","doi":"10.1159/000545730","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bone fractures and vitamin deficiencies are potential long-term risks after metabolic/bariatric surgery (MBS). This study aimed to evaluate the health status of patients with an average follow-up of 15 years after MBS, focusing on vitamin deficiencies, patients' satisfaction, and bone fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was performed. In total, 844 patients, with a history of MBS before March 2010, were eligible and contacted by mail. Overall, 263 patients returned the questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) was the most common bariatric procedure (69%), followed by adjustable gastric banding (AGB) in 23% and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) in 8%, respectively. A total of 14% reported bone fractures after MBS. However, the prevalence of bone fractures was similar after RYGB and after restrictive procedures (RYGB: 17% vs. AGB+SG: 11%; p > 0.05). Moreover, no association between the occurrence of bone fractures and the follow-up time was found. Patients with mixed (RYGB) procedures had more vitamin deficiencies compared to patients with dominantly restrictive (AGB+SG) procedures (RYGB: 76% vs. AGB+SG: 54%; p < 0.05). The self-reported health status (RYGB: 64% good-excellent, 36% fair-poor vs. AGB+SG: 53% good-excellent, 46% fair-poor; p > 0.05) was not different between the procedures. However, more patients after RYGB answered that \"they would undergo the procedure again\" compared to patients after SG or AGB (RYGB: 84% vs. AGB+SG: 61%; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even though a higher prevalence of vitamin deficiencies following RYGB was found, the number of patients who were satisfied with the decision made at the time of the initial operation was higher among patients with RYGB compared to SG and AGB.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12105855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of Fat Deposition in the Liver and Pancreas with Cholecystectomy.","authors":"Loren Skudder-Hill, Ivana R Sequeira-Bisson, Juyeon Ko, Sally Poppitt, Maxim S Petrov","doi":"10.1159/000545781","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545781","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rates of cholecystectomy in the general population continue to rise despite little being known about its long-term metabolic implications. Existing studies have suggested that cholecystectomy may be linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, though there is yet to be quality investigation of its associations with important ectopic fat depots - hepatic fat and intrapancreatic fat. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of cholecystectomy with both hepatic and intrapancreatic fat.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved 367 participants who underwent abdominal scanning, with hepatic and intrapancreatic fat quantified using gold-standard MRI-based methods. Linear regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, triglyceride, LDL-C, and HDL-C.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the most adjusted model, cholecystectomy was significantly negatively associated with hepatic fat (β coefficient = -3.671; p = 0.019) but not intrapancreatic fat (β coefficient = 0.133; p = 0.586). In analyses stratified by BMI, this association with hepatic fat was significant in the obese group only (β coefficient = -7.163; p = 0.048). The association with intrapancreatic fat was not influenced by BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cholecystectomy is significantly associated with lower hepatic fat in obese individuals. This affirms that people with indications for cholecystectomy should not be dissuaded from undergoing the procedure based on fears of harmful effects of increasing hepatic fat content.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12113419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Obesity-Related Indices with Rapid Kidney Function Decline and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Study from a Large Longitudinal Cohort in China.","authors":"Linshan Yang, Shengyu Huang, Shuyue Sheng, Xiaobin Liu, Shaolin Ma, Feng Zhu","doi":"10.1159/000545356","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity has been established as a significant risk factor for rapid kidney function decline (RKFD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the comparative prognostic value of various obesity-related indices in predicting RKFD and CKD remains inadequately elucidated. The objective of this study was to explore the correlations between ten obesity-related indices: body mass index (BMI), Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), waist-to-height ratio, visceral adiposity index (VAI), body roundness index (BRI), a body shape index (ABSI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), waist triglyceride index (WTI), relative fat mass (RFM), and conicity index (C-index) and RKFD and CKD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective longitudinal cohort study leveraged data sourced from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Multivariate logistic regression models with covariate adjustment were employed to assess independent associations between obesity-related indices and clinical outcomes. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analyses were performed to characterize potential nonlinear relationships. Predictive performance was quantified through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, with area under the curve (AUC) comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,620 participants were enrolled in this study. Among them, 109 participants developed RKFD, and 60 progressed to CKD. Adjusted logistic regression revealed significant positive associations between CVAI, VAI, LAP, WTI, and RKFD risk, while BRI and C-index demonstrated per standard deviation increases associated with CKD progression. RCS curve analysis demonstrated that CVAI and LAP exhibited a nonlinear relationship with the risk of RKFD, while VAI and WTI had a linear relationship. Moreover, the C-index had a nonlinear relationship with the risk of CKD, whereas BRI had a linear relationship. ROC analysis revealed WTI as the superior RKFD predictor and ABSI as the optimal CKD progression indicator among the evaluated obesity-related indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study comprehensively investigated the associations between ten obesity-related indices and both RKFD and CKD. Our findings indicated that CVAI, VAI, LAP, and WTI were associated with RKFD, with WTI exhibiting the highest predictive value. Furthermore, BRI and C-index were associated with CKD, with ABSI demonstrating the highest predictive value for the progression to CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Türkiye Consensus Report on the Multidisciplinary Obesity Treatment in Adults.","authors":"Alper Sonmez, Fahri Bayram, Oktay Banli, Ibrahim Demirci, Sinem Kiyici, Meral Kucuk Yetgin, Taner Bayraktaroglu, Feray Akbas, Halil Coskun, Serhat Ocakli, Nihat Aksakal, Muhammed Taha Demirpolat, Samet Yardimci, Ferhat Cay, Gokcem Yalin Kocamaz, Dilek Yazici, Ozgur Sevim, Harun Karabacak, Hasan Altun, Zehra Yagmur Sahin Alak, Ceren Iseri, Asim Cingi, Halil Ozguc, Fatih Mehmet Avsar, Mustafa Taskin, Nihal Zekiye Erdem, Aziz Sumer, Mustafa Cesur, Eren Halit Taskin, Volkan Demirhan Yumuk","doi":"10.1159/000545605","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is the world's most dangerous and rapidly growing health problem. Treating people living with obesity is not limited to the weight-loss process. They should also be followed up with a multidisciplinary approach to maintain the weight loss achieved. There is a lack of structural and functional standardization in obesity centers that undertake medical and surgical treatment. This consensus report, prepared by professional organizations for treating obesity, aimed to ensure that all obesity centers can perform standard patient management using evidence-based workflow diagrams. The report covers all the steps, starting from the initial evaluation process. It describes how to make treatment decisions jointly, defines the responsibilities of obesity councils, and designates the follow-up procedures of medically or surgically treated patients. The consensus report underlines that all healthcare professionals treating obesity are complementary. No discipline can achieve absolute success in treating people with obesity on its own. It is mandatory to implement a sustainable and practical collaboration based on current scientific evidence in treating and following up individuals with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12165696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and Clinical Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","authors":"Roberto Mancone, Livia Biancone, Sara Concetta Schiavone, Mariasofia Fiorillo, Chiara Menna, Stefano Migliozzi, Benedetto Neri","doi":"10.1159/000545436","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The frequency of obesity and possible correlations with characteristics and outcome of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are undefined. Primary aim was to assess the body mass index (BMI) distribution in IBD patients in follow-up. Secondary aim was to compare clinical characteristics and course of IBD in normal weight versus overweight or obese patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult IBD patients in regular follow-up were prospectively enrolled and BMI was recorded during outpatient visits. Comparisons were assessed by the Student t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test, as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the 300 IBD patients enrolled (150 Crohn's disease [CD], 150 ulcerative colitis [UC]), BMI distribution included: 16 (5.3%) underweight, 170 (56.7%) normal weight, 92 (30.7%) overweight, 22 (7.3%) obese patients. For the secondary aim, the 16 underweight patients were excluded, thus leaving 284 patients for the analysis (141 [49.6%] CD; 143 [50.4%] UC). Among these, 114 (40.2%) were overweight/obese and 170 (59.8%) normal weight. CD group included 89 (63.1%) normal weight and 52 (36.9%) overweight/obese patients. Perianal disease and refractoriness to biologics were more frequent in overweight/obese than normal weight CD patients (9 [10.1%] vs. 12 [23%], p = 0.03; 0 [0%] vs. 4 [23.4%], p = 0.01). In UC group, there were 81 (56.6%) normal weight and 62 (63.4%) overweight or obese patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In IBD patients in follow-up, the proportion of underweight patients is low. Overweight and obese CD patients showed a higher frequency of perianal disease and refractoriness to biologics. BMI may influence phenotype and responsiveness to biologics in CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12092008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between Type of Bariatric Surgery and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea, Employment Outcomes, and Body Image Satisfaction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Beatrice Leyaro, Daniel Boakye, Lyz Howie, Abdulmajid Ali, Raymond Carragher","doi":"10.1159/000541782","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bariatric surgery has been shown to provide significant patient benefits in terms of weight loss and mitigation of obesity-linked comorbidities, as well as providing improvements in occupational productivity and patient quality of life. However, the choice of which bariatric surgery procedure provides the most patient benefit in each of these cases is still in question. In this review, we provide a systematic review, with the objective of evaluating associations between different bariatric surgery procedures and mitigation of obesity-linked comorbidities, improvement in occupational productivity, and patient quality of life, concentrating on three areas: obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), employment prospects, and body image.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and CENTRAL databases were searched for eligible studies. Summary risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using random-effects models. Thirty-three studies were included in this review, including 29 cohort studies and 4 randomised clinical trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pooled analysis of the observational studies showed significantly lower OSA remission in sleeve gastrectomy (SG) compared to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) across both short-term (1-2 years) and longer term (3+ years) follow-up periods (RR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84-0.99, p = 0.02; and RR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.65-0.99, p = 0.03, respectively). In contrast, a meta-analysis of the RCT studies found no difference in OSA remission between SG and RYGB (RR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.81-1.25, p = 0.93). An analysis of four studies showed significantly higher OSA remission for SG versus adjustable gastric banding (RR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.57-2.14, p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed regarding improvement in employment status between SG and RYGB (RR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.32-1.87, p = 0.57). A narrative synthesis of studies on body image reported no significant differences between body image scores and surgery types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review found significantly lower OSA remission in SG as compared to RYGB across different follow-up periods, while no significant statistical difference was observed in RCT studies. Further studies are recommended to assess the effectiveness of the various bariatric surgeries in relation to improving employment status and body image, where primary studies are lacking.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"57-71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142372441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) Position Statement on Medical Nutrition Therapy for the Management of Individuals with Overweight or Obesity and Cancer.","authors":"Giovanna Muscogiuri, Luigi Barrea, Silvia Bettini, Marwan El Ghoch, Niki Katsiki, Liisa Tolvanen, Ludovica Verde, Annamaria Colao, Luca Busetto, Volkan Demirhan Yumuk, Maria Hassapidou","doi":"10.1159/000542155","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity, a prevalent and multifactorial disease, is linked to a range of metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation. These imbalances not only contribute to cardiometabolic diseases but also play a significant role in cancer pathogenesis. The rising prevalence of obesity underscores the need to investigate dietary strategies for effective weight management for individuals with overweight or obesity and cancer. This European Society for the Study of Obesity (EASO) position statement aimed to summarize current evidence on the role of obesity in cancer and to provide insights on the major nutritional interventions, including the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), the ketogenic diet (KD), and the intermittent fasting (IF), that should be adopted to manage individuals with overweight or obesity and cancer. The MedDiet, characterized by high consumption of plant-based foods and moderate intake of olive oil, fish, and nuts, has been associated with a reduced cancer risk. The KD and the IF are emerging dietary interventions with potential benefits for weight loss and metabolic health. KD, by inducing ketosis, and IF, through periodic fasting cycles, may offer anticancer effects by modifying tumor metabolism and improving insulin sensitivity. Despite the promising results, current evidence on these dietary approaches in cancer management in individuals with overweight or obesity is limited and inconsistent, with challenges including variability in adherence and the need for personalized dietary plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":19414,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Facts","volume":" ","pages":"86-105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12017763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}