Ocular Immunology and Inflammation最新文献

{"title":"Vitamin D Deficiency in Children with Uveitis: A Comparison of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Associated and Idiopathic Uveitis - A Retrospective Study (2019-2025).","authors":"Blerta Lang, Betina Rogalski, Annekatrin Rickmann, Marc Andrej Macek, Peter Szurman, Karl Thomas Boden","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2736176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2736176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess vitamin D deficiency in pediatric uveitis, compare 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels between juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)-associated and idiopathic uveitis, and explore clinical associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study of children (0-18 years) with uveitis treated during 2019-2025 at a tertiary eye clinic and affiliated pediatric rheumatology unit. All had documented serum 25(OH)D; deficiency was < 20 ng/mL. Group comparisons, correlations, and exploratory complete-case regression were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-four children were included (21 JIA-associated, 23 idiopathic; 59% female; mean age 9.2 years). Mean 25(OH)D was 23.3 ± 11.5 ng/mL; 52.3% were deficient and 11.4% severely deficient. Idiopathic uveitis had lower unadjusted 25(OH)D than JIA-associated uveitis (median 16.0 vs 30.4 ng/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.002; Cohen's d = 1.0) and higher deficiency frequency (73.9% vs 28.6%; <i>p</i> = 0.006). 25(OH)D correlated inversely with age (ρ =  -0.61; <i>p</i> < 0.001). In complete-case regression (<i>n</i> = 30; R² = 0.47), age remained associated with lower 25(OH)D (β =  -1.5 ng/mL/year; <i>p</i> = 0.022), whereas the adjusted group effect was not statistically significant and imprecise (β = 0.1 ng/mL; 95% CI - 10.4 to 10.6; <i>p</i> = 0.98).Sufficiency was often supplementation-related (9/14, 64.3%). No associations were found with flares, treatment, season, or ocular complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this selected cohort, vitamin D deficiency was common, but prevalence cannot be compared with the general pediatric population. Lower unadjusted 25(OH)D in idiopathic uveitis appeared age-related, although the wide adjusted confidence interval leaves uncertainty. Future studies should systematically document 25(OH)D, age, season, supplementation, and relevant lifestyle factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149031083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous Regression of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma Lesions: Case Series and Literature Review.","authors":"Federico Rissotto, Stefano Lingardo, Gloria Oldoni, Francesco Bandello, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, Elisabetta Miserocchi","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2734578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2734578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case series of spontaneous regression of vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) lesions documented through multimodal imaging and to contextualize findings with a review of the literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We report five Caucasian patients with biopsy-confirmed VRL. All patients underwent multimodal imaging, including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), ultra-widefield (UWF) pseudocolor, and autofluorescence (AF) imaging, and fluorescein angiography (FA). Clinical and imaging data were reviewed to assess the occurrence of spontaneous lesion regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spontaneous regression of VRL lesions was observed both in treatment-naïve patients and in patients under surveillance following prior systemic or intravitreal therapy. In one case, bilateral regression of optic nerve infiltration was observed; in two cases, unilateral regression of subretinal or sub-RPE lesions occurred; and in two cases, retinitis-like lesions spontaneously regressed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spontaneous regression of VRL is a rare but clinically relevant phenomenon that may follow diagnostic interventions such as vitrectomy, possibly via immune-mediated mechanisms. Multimodal imaging is essential for documenting regression and guiding clinical management. Awareness of this phenomenon may prevent misinterpretation of disease activity and inform the need for close follow-up, even when apparent lesion regression occurs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topographic Fundus Autofluorescence Patterns in MEWDS: Clues to Differentiate Primary Disease from Secondary MEWDS and Ocular Syphilis.","authors":"Luca De Simone, Elisa Stradiotto, Rocco Bruno, Fabrizio Gozzi, Elena Bolletta, Pietro Gentile, Chantal Adani, Rodolfo Mastropasqua, Mario R Romano, Luca Cimino","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2734626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2734626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To characterize topographic fundus autofluorescence (FAF) patterns in Primary Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome (MEWDS) and assess their value as diagnostic clues for differentiating Primary MEWDS from Secondary MEWDS and ocular syphilis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective observational single-centre study, patients diagnosed with MEWDS between July 2014 and April 2026 at a tertiary ocular immunology unit were reviewed. Demographic, clinical, and multimodal imaging data were collected. FAF was used for lesion distribution pattern classification. Secondary MEWDS cases from our cohort were analyzed together with previously reported cases identified through a targeted literature review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen eyes of 17 patients were classified as Primary MEWDS. Four FAF distribution patterns were identified: diffuse, peripapillary, placoid-like, and peripheral sectorial. The diffuse pattern was the most frequent presentation. Localized patterns showed clinically relevant overlaps with Acute Idiopathic Blind Spot Enlargement/Acute Zonal Occult Outer Retinopathy-spectrum disease, Acute Syphilitic Posterior Placoid Chorioretinitis, and infectious Secondary MEWDS. Secondary MEWDS was identified in 17 eyes of 13 patients and occurred in association with infectious uveitis, non-infectious uveitis, and other retinal conditions. Syphilis-associated Secondary MEWDS cases consistently showed a peripheral sectorial distribution.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distinct FAF distribution patterns may provide practical diagnostic clues in MEWDS presentations. Diffuse FAF involvement appears most typical of Primary MEWDS, whereas placoid-like and peripheral sectorial patterns should prompt exclusion of infectious etiologies, particularly ocular syphilis. Recognition of these patterns may help guide targeted systemic investigation and improve diagnostic confidence in atypical MEWDS presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149025567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and Prevalence of Lens Subluxation or Dislocation Following Cataract Surgery in Patients with Uveitis.","authors":"Sara E Prischak, Kayla M Valenti, Leah M Prischak, Meghan K Berkenstock","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2725800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2725800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Design: </strong>The United States TriNetX database was queried using ICD-10 codes to identify subjects with infectious or non-infectious uveitis with subsequent cataract surgery between January 1, 2013 and 12/31/2023. Adult and pediatric cohorts were created and assessed for the incidence and prevalence of lens subluxation or dislocation after surgery. Demographics collected included age, sex, race, and ethnicity. Control cohorts were included for comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the TriNetX database, 18 973 patients were identified as having a history of uveitis and subsequent cataract surgery. The mean age was 68 years [Standard Deviation (SD) = 16], and most were female (<i>N</i> = 11,113; 58.57%), non-Hispanic or Latino (<i>N</i> = 13,784; 72.65%), and White (<i>N</i> = 10,858; 57.23%). Within this cohort, patients with uveitis of all subtypes demonstrated an incidence of lens subluxation that was greater than non-uveitic controls. When stratified, patients with posterior (infectious cohort) and panuveitis (non-infectious cohort) demonstrated higher rates at 0.416% (416 per 100,000) and 0.286% (286 per 100,000). Variation was observed across demographic groups. Pediatric subgroup analyses were limited by sample size and data suppression, and while higher rates were seen compared to controls, these findings are not robust and should be interpreted with caution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In uveitis patients, lens subluxation or dislocation following cataract surgery was observed at a measurable frequency. Rates varied across demographic and clinical subgroups, underscoring the importance of perioperative management and follow-up. Further research is needed on modifiable factors associated with outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149025535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Survival Predictors in Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: Experience from a Tertiary Eye Center.","authors":"Samanthila Waduthantri, Anita Sook Yee Chan, Soon-Phaik Chee","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2736185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2736185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To characterize the clinical features of vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) and their prognostic significance in patients presenting to a tertiary eye center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 49 patients diagnosed with VRL between January 1997 and January 2022.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At presentation, 25 patients had primary VRL (PVRL), 7 had concurrent primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL), and 17 had concomitant systemic lymphoma (CSL). The majority presented with dendritiform keratic precipitates (46.9%) and large vitreous cells (87.8%). Large sub-retinal pigment epithelium infiltrates (SRPEIs) (≥3-disc diameters [DD]) were common in PVRL (52.0%) and PCNSL (57.1%) but were absent in CSL. In PVRL, large SRPEIs were associated with shorter presentation time (Spearman's ρ = -0.57; <i>p</i> = 0.004) but were not associated with CNS dissemination (OR = 0.76; <i>p</i> = 0.65) or disease-specific survival (DSS) [HR = 1.26; <i>p</i> = 0.217]. The CSL typically presented with small SRPEIs ≤ 1-DD (64.7%) and choroidal infiltrates (CIs) (47.1%). The CIs were inversely associated with CNS dissemination (OR = 0.01; <i>p</i> = 0.03) and demonstrated a non-significant trend toward improved DSS (HR = 0.51; <i>p</i> = 0.3). Five-year DSS was 65.5% in PVRL, 42.9% in PCNSL, and 49.3% in CSL. The time to diagnosis was not associated with DSS (PVRL, <i>p</i> = 0.48; PCNSL, <i>p</i> = 0.97; CSL, <i>p</i> = 0.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dendritiform keratic precipitates and large vitreous cells aid early recognition of VRL. The SRPEI size and presence of CIs may help infer the disease extent. The CIs may be associated with lower CNS dissemination risk and improved DSS.Overall, DSS is primarily influenced by systemic and CNS involvement rather than diagnostic delay.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149017671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Maculopathy in an Infant Following Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella-Zoster (MMRV) Vaccination.","authors":"Ravid Ben-Avi, Radgonde Amer","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2735407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2735407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report on the long-term clinical outcome of a healthy infant who presented with posterior uveitis following the administration of the combined measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella (MMRV) vaccine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Descriptive case report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 13-month-old infant presented with bilateral visual loss two weeks after receiving the MMRV vaccine. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral retinitis and retinal vasculitis with exudative retinal detachment. Extensive infectious work-up was conducted including serologic exams and PCR testing of blood, aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid and urine. Serological tests for measles yielded positive IgM and IgG titers. PCR testing for measles in the aqueous humor and urine was negative. Neurologic assessment and neuroimaging were unremarkable, excluding central nervous system involvement. Empiric systemic antiviral and corticosteroid therapy was initiated. Gradual resolution of posterior uveitis ensued, culminating in bilateral macular scars. Over a six-year follow-up period, the patient demonstrated stable ocular findings with no evidence of recurrent inflammation or systemic autoimmune disease. Final visual acuity was 6/9 in each eye.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case represents a rare occurrence of non-necrotizing retinitis following MMRV vaccination. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the sequential OCT characteristics of presumed measles vaccine-associated retinitis. The prolonged follow-up period supports the absence of an alternative etiology and provides valuable insight into the long-term course and visual prognosis of vaccine-associated retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Vaso-Occlusive Retinopathy Unmasking Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome in a Child.","authors":"Samah Mbarek, Olfa Blel, Amina Marghli, Nada Sakli, Asma Zaghdoudi, Anis Mahmoud, Nesrine Jemmeli, Bahri Mahjoub, Riadh Messaoud","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2735403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2735403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report a rare case of primary pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) presenting with severe bilateral vaso-occlusive retinopathy as the initial manifestation, and to discuss its diagnostic and therapeutic implications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We report the clinical presentation, multimodal imaging findings, systemic work-up, and management of a 12-year-old girl with bilateral vaso-occlusive retinopathy as the presenting feature of primary antiphospholipid syndrome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 12-year-old girl with no prior medical history presented with incidentally detected visual loss in the left eye. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/50 in the right eye (RE) and no light perception in the left eye (LE). Fundus examination revealed peripheral vascular sheathing and preretinal neovascularization in the RE, and tractional retinal detachment in the LE. Fluorescein angiography (FA) demonstrated extensive areas of peripheral non perfusion in the RE and fibrovascular proliferation in the LE. The diagnosis of primary pediatric APS was established based on the persistent positivity of lupus anticoagulant in the absence of an underlying autoimmune disorder. A multidisciplinary approach was adopted, involving ophthalmologists, pediatricians, and neurologists. The patient received intravenous corticosteroids, plasmapheresis, systemic anticoagulation (low-molecular-weight heparin bridged to warfarin), and panretinal photocoagulation in both eyes. At 18 months of follow-up, BCVA in the RE improved to 20/20, with neovascular regression on FA. The LE, however, progressed to total tractional retinal detachment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Primary pediatric APS may initially present with devastating bilateral vaso-occlusive retinopathy. Early recognition through systematic antiphospholipid antibody testing and prompt multidisciplinary management are essential for preserving vision.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognizing Paediatric Ocular Rosacea: Clinical Spectrum, Diagnostic Clues, and Treatment Outcomes.","authors":"Zeynep Akgun, Okyanus Bulut Tarlabolen, Ozlem Barut Selver, Melis Palamar","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2735405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2735405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate demographic and clinical characteristics, diagnostic clues, and treatment outcomes among paediatric patients with ocular rosacea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records of patients aged ≤ 16 years diagnosed with ocular rosacea between 2020 and 2026 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms, eyelid and corneal findings, dermatological involvement, diagnostic delay, treatment response, recurrence, and follow-up outcomes were recorded. Disease severity at the initial examination and after treatment was evaluated using the clinical severity score described by Audelan et al. graded on a 0-4 scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one patients with 62 eyes were included. The female-to-male ratio was 22/9, and the mean age was 7.7 ± 4.6 (1-16) years. The most common presenting symptom was burning and/or stinging (58.1%). Blepharitis was the most common eyelid manifestation (98.4%). Corneal and dermatologic involvement were observed in 71.0% of eyes and 54.8% of patients, respectively. The mean interval between symptom onset and diagnosis was 13.2 ± 12.1(20 days-36 months) months. Three patients (9.7%) had previously been treated as having herpetic keratitis. Mean follow-up duration was 10.2 ± 10.7 (1-36) months. The mean clinical severity score decreased significantly from 2.52 ± 1.16 to 1.34 ± 1.39 after treatment (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with improvement in 47 eyes (75.8%). No recurrence was documented during follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Paediatric ocular rosacea is an underrecognized ocular surface disease with a broad clinical spectrum and often a delayed diagnosis. A standardized clinical severity score may provide a common language for grading and monitoring. Early recognition and appropriate long-term management may help reduce morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Skin: Ocular Manifestations in Hidradenitis Suppurativa - A Systematic Review.","authors":"Furkan Ozer, Duygu Gülmez Sevim","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2736180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2736180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>PurposeTo systematically evaluate the spectrum of ocular manifestations associated with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), including inflammatory eye diseases, corneal involvement, retinal alterations, epidemiologic associations, treatment approaches, and visual outcomes. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases up to May 10, 2026, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies reporting ophthalmic manifestations in HS patients were included. Case reports, case series, original articles, and research letters were analyzed. Study quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) quality assessment tools according to study design. ResultsA total of 23 studies were included, comprising 12 case reports/case series and 11 original observational studies. Clinic-based observational studies primarily described inflammatory eye disease, ocular surface dysfunction, dry eye disease, and retinal microvascular alterations, whereas population-based database studies demonstrated increased epidemiologic associations with multiple ophthalmologic diseases. Corneal involvement represented the predominant manifestation in case-based reports and included interstitial keratitis, peripheral ulcerative keratitis, Mooren-type ulceration, corneal neovascularization, ectasia, descemetocele formation, and spontaneous corneal perforation. In addition, management may require topical or systemic corticosteroids, biologic agents, conventional steroid-sparing immunosuppressive therapies, and, in severe cases, cornea-preserving surgical procedures. ConclusionsHS is associated with a broad spectrum of ocular manifestations, particularly inflammatory disorders affecting the ocular surface and cornea, which may occasionally progress to vision-threatening complications. Current evidence suggests that HS-related systemic inflammation may contribute to ophthalmologic morbidity. Further prospective ophthalmology-focused studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologic Therapy in Refractory Non-Infectious Uveitis: An Analysis of 60 Cases at a Tertiary Eye Care Centre from South India.","authors":"Mohini Agrawal, Keerthana Raghu, Viswanath V Kaushik, Prashant Vashisht, Avanish Singh, Jyotirmay Biswas","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2026.2735404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2026.2735404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of biologic therapy in patients with refractory non-infectious uveitis (NIU) in a real-world clinical setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary eye care centre in South India between 2022 and 2025. Patients diagnosed with NIU, who were not responding to conventional treatment and had received biologics during this period, were included. Demographic details, anatomical classification, etiological diagnosis, type of biologic used, treatment duration, clinical outcomes, and adverse events were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 60 patients with refractory NIU receiving biologic therapy were included. The mean age at biologic initiation was 23.1 ± 13.7 years, comprising 27 (45%) paediatric and 33 (55%) adults. The mean duration of uveitis prior to biologic initiation was 34.48 ± 52.36 months. Anterior uveitis was the most common (40%). Autoimmune etiologies predominated, with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis (28.3%), HLA-B27-associated uveitis (23.3%), and Behçet disease (20%). Adalimumab was the most frequently used biologic agent (88.3%) followed by Infliximab (5%), golimumab (3.3%) and tocilizumab (3.3%). Biologic therapy resulted in significant control of intraocular inflammation (p < 0.0001). Visual acuity remained stable throughout the follow-up. Treatment modification was required in 7 patients (11.7%). Side effects were observed in 3 (5%) patients, 2 (3.3%) showed inadequate response and 2 patients (3.3%) discontinued biologics due to financial constraints.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Biologic therapy is an effective and safe therapy for refractory non-infectious uveitis across all age-groups and etiologies. Early escalation to biologics may help arrest long-term cumulative inflammatory damage and preserve visual function by sustained inflammatory control.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}