Ocular Immunology and Inflammation最新文献

Non-Neoplastic Disorders Mimicking Posterior Segment Inflammation. 模拟后段炎症的非肿瘤性疾病。

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2574495

Dimitrios Kalogeropoulos, Kareem Moussa, Ivan A Copado, Zohar Habot-Wilner, Sara Touhami, Ioanna Ploumi, Sofia Androudi

{"title":"Non-Neoplastic Disorders Mimicking Posterior Segment Inflammation.","authors":"Dimitrios Kalogeropoulos, Kareem Moussa, Ivan A Copado, Zohar Habot-Wilner, Sara Touhami, Ioanna Ploumi, Sofia Androudi","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2574495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2574495","url":null,"abstract":"Masquerade syndromes encompass a heterogeneous group of ocular conditions that mimic intraocular inflammation but are caused by non-inflammatory processes. Accurate distinction from true uveitis is critical, as misdiagnosis can lead to inappropriate immunosuppression, delayed definitive therapy, and irreversible visual loss. This review focuses on non-neoplastic disorders presenting as posterior segment inflammation, highlighting their epidemiology, clinical hallmarks, multimodal imaging features, and diagnostic pitfalls. We discuss inherited retinal degenerations such as retinitis pigmentosa, chronic endophthalmitis, retinal detachment syndromes, intraocular foreign bodies, idiopathic uveal effusion, central serous chorioretinopathy, amyloidosis, and vascular anomalies including Coats disease. Developmental anomalies like persistent fetal vasculature and rare entities such as X-linked retinoschisis are also examined. For each disorder, we outline distinguishing characteristics from uveitis and propose a systematic diagnostic approach integrating history, examination, targeted laboratory testing, and imaging modalities including OCT, FAF, FA, ICGA, and ultrasonography. Early recognition of these mimickers is essential to guide appropriate management, prevent unnecessary exposure to corticosteroids or immunomodulators, and optimize visual prognosis.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145313439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeting Dendritic Cells: An Emerging Agent in Dry Eye Disease Management. 靶向树突状细胞：干眼病治疗的新兴药物。

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2573739

Jiaxing Xie, Zesong Wang, Xue Feng

{"title":"Targeting Dendritic Cells: An Emerging Agent in Dry Eye Disease Management.","authors":"Jiaxing Xie, Zesong Wang, Xue Feng","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2573739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2573739","url":null,"abstract":"Dry eye disease (DED), a multifactorial disorder characterized by tear film instability and ocular surface inflammation, remains a therapeutic challenge due to its complex immunopathogenesis. Emerging evidence highlights dendritic cells (DCs), including conventional (cDCs) and plasmacytoid subsets (pDCs), as pivotal mediators bridging innate and adaptive immune responses in DED. This review delineates the mechanisms by which DCs drive DED progression. Hyperosmolar stress, apoptotic debris, and goblet cell dysfunction activate DCs, promoting their migration to draining lymph nodes and subsequent priming of Th1/Th17 cells, which perpetuate lacrimal gland inflammation and ocular surface damage. Functional alterations in DCs that exacerbate neural-immune crosstalk include upregulated TLR7/9, STING, and S100A8/A9 pathways, and enhanced pro-inflammatory cytokine production including IL-12, IFN-I, and IL-23. Clinically, in vivo confocal microscopy reveals elevated corneal DCs density and activation, which correlate with symptom severity, tear break-up time, and corneal nerve abnormalities, underscoring their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Therapeutic strategies targeting DCs include reducing DCs density and activation (e.g. netrin-1, mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles), modulating inflammatory cytokine production (e.g. thrombospondin-1, mesenchymal stem cell, and butyrate), and regulating DCs-T cells interactions (e.g. neurokinin-1 antagonists, CD40/CD40L blockade), which offer novel avenues for immune regulation.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First Case Report Of Letendraea helminthicola Endophthalmitis After Penetrating Ocular Trauma from a Cat Scratch. 猫抓伤致穿透性眼外伤后眼内炎1例。

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2569721

Natpachara Emmaneerat, Lita Uthaithammarat, Vannarut Satitpitakul, Wijak Kongwattananon

{"title":"First Case Report Of Letendraea helminthicola Endophthalmitis After Penetrating Ocular Trauma from a Cat Scratch.","authors":"Natpachara Emmaneerat, Lita Uthaithammarat, Vannarut Satitpitakul, Wijak Kongwattananon","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2569721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2569721","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To report the first documented case of endophthalmitis caused by Letendraea helminthicola following a penetrating globe injury from a cat scratch.Methods: A 32-year-old male presented with post-traumatic endophthalmitis after a penetrating ocular injury caused by a cat scratch. Clinical evaluation, serial ophthalmic imaging, microbiological investigations, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of conjunctival tissue were performed.Results: Despite initial improvement with empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics, the patient developed progressive vitritis requiring multiple pars plana vitrectomies. Conventional microbiological cultures remained negative; however, PCR identified L. helminthicola from conjunctival tissue. Targeted antifungal therapy with systemic and intravitreal voriconazole led to infection control, although visual recovery was limited due to macular involvement.Conclusion: L. helminthicola can cause post-traumatic fungal endophthalmitis following ocular injuries involving animal scratches. Molecular diagnostics are critical for identifying rare pathogens, and prompt targeted antifungal therapy is essential for optimizing outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ocular Characteristics Due to Bartonella Henselae Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China. 亨塞巴尔通体感染引起的眼部特征：一项中国回顾性队列研究。

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2567519

Yuan Pan, Xiaoqing Chen, Yiwen Xia, Dan Liang

{"title":"Ocular Characteristics Due to Bartonella Henselae Infection: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China.","authors":"Yuan Pan, Xiaoqing Chen, Yiwen Xia, Dan Liang","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2567519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2567519","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To characterize the ocular manifestations of Bartonella henselae infection in Chinese patients.Methods: We retrospectively investigated the ocular manifestations due to Bartonella henselae infection at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centers in China between July 2019 and February 2025. Patients with presumptive ocular cat-scratch disease (CSD) confirmed by serum anti-B. henselae IgG titers ≥ 1:256 (via indirect immunofluorescence assay), compatible ocular findings, and possible exposure history were enrolled. Data on demographics, ocular features (visual acuity, anterior/posterior segment findings), systemic symptoms, exposure history, treatment regimens and outcomes were collected.Results: Fourteen patients (median age 15.5 years; 71.4% male) were enrolled. Pediatric cases (n = 7) accounted for 50%, who showed aggressive bilateral involvement (6/7, 85.7%). Optic disc edema was the predominant manifestation (18/20 eyes, 90%), followed by vitreous cells (65%), anterior chamber cell (50%) and retinal vascular leakage (50%). Initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ≥0.5 was observed in 40% of eyes, rising to 85% after treatment. Systemic antibiotics were given to all the patients, and corticosteroids were added in 12 (85.7%) patients afterward.Conclusion: This study identifies optic disc edema as the hallmark ocular phenotype of Bartonella Henselae infection in China. Pediatric patients exhibit aggressive bilateral involvement and diffuse retinal vascular leakage. These findings suggest that ocular CSD may represent an under-recognized cause of pediatric uveitis in Chinese populations. Therapeutic outcomes in this cohort positively indicated that combined antibiotic and anti-inflammatory regimens may improve visual acuity. Further prospective multicenter studies are warranted to further validate these observations.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tale of Two Cities: The Adalimumab Biosimilars Experience for Uveitis and Ocular Inflammatory Diseases at Two Texas Academic Centers. 双城计：阿达木单抗生物仿制药在两个德克萨斯学术中心治疗葡萄膜炎和眼部炎症的经验

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2566322

Jonathan Ji, Jared Moon, Eric L Crowell, Karen Beltran, Jennifer H Cao

{"title":"Tale of Two Cities: The Adalimumab Biosimilars Experience for Uveitis and Ocular Inflammatory Diseases at Two Texas Academic Centers.","authors":"Jonathan Ji, Jared Moon, Eric L Crowell, Karen Beltran, Jennifer H Cao","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2566322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2566322","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To assess appeal outcomes and factors influencing those outcomes in insurance-mandated non-medical switching (NMS) from adalimumab (Humira®) to biosimilars in patients with uveitis and ocular inflammatory diseases.Methods: This retrospective observational study reviewed the electronic medical records of patients receiving Humira® for non-infectious uveitis and ocular inflammatory diseases prior to pharmacy benefit manager (PBM) formulary changes effective April 1, 2024, at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW) and University of Texas Health Austin (UTHA). Data collected included PBM assignment, treatment duration, remission status, incidence of NMS mandates, appeal outcomes, and final treatment status. Appeals at UTSW cited Texas Senate Bill 680, which allows exemptions from new step-therapy protocols. Logistic regression assessed associations between patient characteristics, PBM, and NMS outcomes.Results: Of the 75 patients, 30 (40%) received NMS mandates. CVS Caremark patients were more likely to receive mandates for NMS (86.4% vs 20.8%; p < 0.01) and had a lower appeal success rate (14.3% vs 90.9%; p < 0.01) compared to non-CVS Caremark patients. Ultimately, 18 (24%) patients (94% CVS Caremark patients, p < 0.01) were forcibly switched. Median appeal time was 11 days (range 1-35), and processing biosimilar transitions added considerable administrative burden, even in the absence of appeals.Conclusion: PBM-driven formulary changes disrupted treatment continuity for patients with non-infectious ocular inflammation. Enforcement of NMS mandates varied by PBM and often disregarded clinical stability and physician input, underscoring the urgent need for policy reform and uveitis-specific biosimilar outcome data.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145302293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-Colectomy Uveitis in Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Series. 溃疡性结肠炎的结肠切除术后葡萄膜炎：一个病例系列。

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2566314

Tate M Valerio, Andrew M Gregory, William B Thorley, Stephen D Anesi, Peter Y Chang

{"title":"Post-Colectomy Uveitis in Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Series.","authors":"Tate M Valerio, Andrew M Gregory, William B Thorley, Stephen D Anesi, Peter Y Chang","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2566314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2566314","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To characterize the course of uveitis in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients following colectomy and assess whether uveitis activity arises and/or persists independently of colonic disease.Methods: This is a retrospective case series from a tertiary uveitis referral center. Patients with non-infectious uveitis, a confirmed diagnosis of UC, and a history of colectomy were included. Clinical data were extracted, including demographics, ocular history, treatment regimens, and disease activity. Uveitis flares were defined as the presence of at least 1+ cells or flare in the anterior chamber, 1+ vitreous cells and/or haze or angiographic evidence of active inflammation as noted by the investigators.Results: We identified 73 patients with UC-associated uveitis and 11 had a history of colectomy. Post-colectomy uveitis flares occurred in all 11 patients. Notably, eight patients experienced de novo uveitis activity following their colectomy. The remaining three uveitis patients had documented uveitis flares prior to colectomy. A total of 25 flares were documented, including multiple recurrences in three patients. One patient experienced 13 flares and ultimately required enucleation. Excluding this difficult case, patients with long-term follow-up (≥1 year) generally responded to topical steroid therapy. However, several flares occurred despite concurrent immunomodulatory therapy.Conclusion: This case series highlights that uveitis flares may persist or recur following colectomy in UC patients, supporting the hypothesis that uveitis activity can occur independently of intestinal inflammation. These findings support the need for continued ophthalmologic surveillance in UC patients post-colectomy.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145293091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association Between Thyroid Disease and Scleritis Using a Population-Based Method. 基于人群的方法研究甲状腺疾病和巩膜炎之间的关系

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2573737

Kenny Y Wang, Laurel B Tanke, Timothy T Xu, Liang-Yen L Liu, Margaret M Reynolds, David O Hodge, Wendy M Smith

{"title":"Association Between Thyroid Disease and Scleritis Using a Population-Based Method.","authors":"Kenny Y Wang, Laurel B Tanke, Timothy T Xu, Liang-Yen L Liu, Margaret M Reynolds, David O Hodge, Wendy M Smith","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2573737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2573737","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the association between scleritis and thyroid eye disease in a U.S. Midwestern county population.Methods: Retrospective, case-control study of all patients diagnosed with ocular inflammatory disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2015. Patients were identified using the Rochester Epidemiology Project database, which contains virtually all medical care in the county. Medical records were reviewed to confirm diagnosis of scleritis. A 3:1 age- and sex-matched control group was also identified using the database. Patient records for the cases and control group were also reviewed to confirm diagnosis of thyroid disease.Results: There were 87 patients with scleritis during the 10-year study period, of which 12 (14%) were diagnosed with thyroid disease. In comparison, there were 261 control patients, of which 30 (11%) had thyroid disease. After adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking status, and history of autoimmune disease, the odds ratio of patients with thyroid disease having scleritis compared to patients without thyroid disease was 1.23 (p = 0.57). However, autoimmune disorders were present in 17 (20%) of scleritis cases versus 16 (6%) patients in the control group (p < 0.001).Conclusion: There was no statistically significant association between scleritis and thyroid disease in this study. However, there was a significant association between scleritis and other autoimmune diseases. Further research is needed to explore the pathophysiologic mechanisms and systemic associations in thyroid disease and ocular inflammatory diseases.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining Scleritis Content on the Social Media App 'TikTok': A Comprehensive Analysis of Quality, Engagement, and Misinformation. 检查社交媒体应用程序“TikTok”上的硬膜内容：质量，参与度和错误信息的综合分析。

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2570059

Sara A Khan, Rayna Marshall, Wendy See, Israel Mendez-Bermudez, Meghan Berkenstock

{"title":"Examining Scleritis Content on the Social Media App 'TikTok': A Comprehensive Analysis of Quality, Engagement, and Misinformation.","authors":"Sara A Khan, Rayna Marshall, Wendy See, Israel Mendez-Bermudez, Meghan Berkenstock","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2570059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2570059","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: TikTok has emerged as one of the most popular video-based social media platforms with over 1 billion active users. It has also become a popular source for medical information, posing safety concerns about potentially misleading or inaccurate content. This study explored scleritis-related content on TikTok to evaluate content quality, engagement metrics, and misinformation.Methods: Using TikTok's search function, videos tagged with 'scleritis,' 'anterior scleritis,' and 'posterior scleritis' were analyzed. Videos were categorized by creator type, engagement (views, likes, comments, shares), and content type (informative, misinformation, personal experience, diagnosis, miscellaneous). The Patient Education Materials and Assessment Tool - Audiovisual (PEMAT-AV) assessed understandability and actionability, focusing on word choice, organization, visual aids, and actionable advice.Results: A total of 69 videos were analyzed; most were created by patients (88.4%, n = 61). Average engagement per video was 29 001 views, 403 likes, 24 comments, and 6 shares. While 84.1% (n=58) were informative, 10.1% (n = 7) contained misinformation. The mean PEMAT understandability score was 37.0%, and actionability was 6.0%, indicating poor educational quality.Conclusion: Most scleritis-related TikToks are from non-medical professionals with 10.1% containing misinformation. Content demonstrated low understandability and actionability. Physician-created videos are needed to improve scleritis-related medical information on TikTok and ensure more accurate, accessible, and actionable content for users seeking reliable health information.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis as an Initial Manifestation of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report. 周围性溃疡性角膜炎作为肉芽肿病合并多血管炎的儿童患者的初始表现：1例报告。

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2573734

Juanita Cardona-López, Catalina Mosquera, Alejandra de-la-Torre

{"title":"Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis as an Initial Manifestation of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report.","authors":"Juanita Cardona-López, Catalina Mosquera, Alejandra de-la-Torre","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2573734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2573734","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To describe a rare case of pediatric granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) initially presenting as peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK), followed by orbital inflammation, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and importance of early recognition.Methods: A 12-year-old boy with a prior history of allergic conjunctivitis presented with unilateral peripheral corneal opacities. The condition was initially misdiagnosed and treated as infectious keratitis and allergic conjunctivitis without improvement. Comprehensive clinical, serologic, and imaging evaluations were performed, including ANCA testing, chest and orbital CT scans, and infectious serologies.Results: Laboratory workup revealed elevated inflammatory markers, positive p-ANCA, and high anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) antibody titers. Chest CT showed pulmonary nodules consistent with vasculitic involvement. The patient subsequently developed orbital pseudotumor and recurrent epistaxis, consolidating the diagnosis of GPA despite MPO-ANCA positivity, which is more commonly linked to microscopic polyangiitis. Immunosuppressive therapy with systemic corticosteroids and methotrexate led to complete remission of ocular inflammation, resolution of orbital involvement, and preservation of 20/20 visual acuity bilaterally after one year of follow-up.Conclusion: This case represents an exceptional pediatric presentation of GPA, with PUK as the sole initial manifestation preceding systemic disease. It underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion in children with atypical peripheral keratitis unresponsive to standard therapy. Early recognition and multidisciplinary management are crucial to prevent irreversible visual loss and systemic complications.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retinal Vasculitis and Stroke Risk in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 系统性红斑狼疮患者的视网膜血管炎和卒中风险。

IF 2 4区医学

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation Pub Date : 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2025.2563170

Marina Gad El Sayed, Edmund Tsui, Yousef Fouad

{"title":"Retinal Vasculitis and Stroke Risk in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.","authors":"Marina Gad El Sayed, Edmund Tsui, Yousef Fouad","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2563170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2563170","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To assess the association between retinal vasculitis and cerebral stroke and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods: Patients with SLE with and without retinal vasculitis were identified in the TriNetX research network. Initially, there were 337,411 patients with SLE and no retinal vasculitis and 570 patients with SLE and retinal vasculitis. After matching to balance age, sex, race, and cardiac risk factors, 540 patients remained in each group. Outcomes evaluated included stroke risk and mortality over a 20-year follow-up. Statistical analysis included risk ratios (RR), Kaplan-Meieranalysis, and Cox proportional hazards modeling.Results: The 1-year stroke risk was 1.9% in patients without retinal vasculitis and 4.5% with retinal vasculitis. At 5 years, risks were 4.7% and 9.1%; at 10 years, 5.6% and 13.2%; and at 20 years, 7.5% and 17.1%, respectively (p < 0.001). The average weighted stroke risk in patients with and without retinal vasculitis was 8.3% and 3.8%, respectively (RR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.31-3.68, p = 0.002). Cox regression analysis of stroke risk showed a hazard ratio for retinal vasculitis of 2.25 (95% CI: 1.72-2.94, p < 0.001). Mortality rates over 20 years were 6.9% without retinal vasculitis and 8.3% with retinal vasculitis (RR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.8 - 1.84, p = 0.3626).Conclusions: The presence of retinal vasculitis in patients with SLE significantly increases the risk of stroke over a 20-year period, highlighting the importance of early identification and timely referral of this group of patients.","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0