Ocular Immunology and Inflammation最新文献

{"title":"Topographic, Biomechanical, in Vivo Confocal Microscopic and Ocular Surface Tests Evaluation of Corneal Changes and Dry Eye Disease in Patients with Scleroderma.","authors":"Yelda Yıldız Tascı, Nilufer Yesilirmak, Mehmet Icoz, Sukran Erten, Ozge Sarac","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2528515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2528515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess corneal tomographic and biomechanical changes and the presence of dry eye and in vivo confocal microscopic(IVCM) changes in patients with systemic sclerosis(SSc).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study with a prospective design included 52 eyes of 26 patients with SSc and 56 eyes of 28 healthy participants. Corneal tomography (Sirius dual imaging) provided keratometric data, corneal and anterior chamber parameters, and aberration values for all participants. An ocular response analyzer (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments) was used to measure corneal biomechanics, while IVCM (Confoscan 4.0) assessed corneal subbasal nerve plexus, endothelium, and epithelium morphology. Presence of dry eye was examined using the tear break-up time(BUT) and ocular surface disease index(OSDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean follow-up period for the patients with SSc was 84 ± 84 (6-360 months) months. In the SSc group, tomographic measurements revealed significantly lower mean central corneal thickness, corneal volume, anterior chamber angle, and anterior chamber depth, alongside higher anterior elevation, trefoil, and spherical aberrations(<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of mean corneal biomechanical parameters (<i>p</i> > 0.05 for all). The IVCM measurements in the SSc group showed lower corneal subbasal nerve fiber length and density, nerve branch density, endothelial cell hexagonality, and intermediate epithelial cell count (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all) when compared to the healthy subjects. The mean TBUT was lower, and the OSDI score was higher in the SSc group (<i>p</i> < 0.001 for both).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated some changes in subbasal nerve plexus and endothelial cell morphology in patients with SSc along with decreased corneal thickness, volume, anterior chamber angle and depth, and increased higher order aberrations. Subjective and objective dry eye tests further showed dry eye in SSc patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methotrexate Experience in the Treatment of Pediatric Non-Infectious Uveitis: Is Monotherapy Enough?","authors":"Dilbade Yildiz Ekinci, Mehtap Savar Caglayan","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2524007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2524007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) treatment in pediatric non-infectious uveitis (NIU) cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients diagnosed with pediatric NIU and initiated on subcutaneous MTX at a dose of 10 mg/m²/week between 2023 and 2025 were included in the study. The patients' age, age at uveitis diagnosis, anatomical localization and etiology of uveitis, baseline and final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and anterior and posterior segment complications detected at the initial visit were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 127 eyes from 64 patients were included in the study. Of these patients, 39 were female, and 25 were male. The mean age was 9.89 ± 3.56 years (3-17 years). At the initial visit, at least one ocular complication in at least one eye was detected in 49 patients. Remission was achieved in 23 cases with MTX treatment, whereas 41 patients did not achieve remission. Among the 49 patients with at least one ocular complication, remission was achieved in 13 with MTX treatment. In contrast, among the 15 patients without any complications, remission was achieved in 10 (<i>p</i> = 0.005). The risk of non-responsiveness to MTX treatment was found to be 10.7 times higher in patients with at least one ocular complication at diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MTX is an effective and safe treatment for pediatric NIU. However, in a significant proportion of patients, particularly those with ocular complications, MTX alone may be insufficient, necessitating the addition of other immunosuppressive agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Vitrectomized vs. Non-Vitrectomized Eyes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Chanyuan Cao, Li Yao, Xupeng Shu, Guoxiao Yu","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2519851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2025.2519851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We conducted this present meta-analysis to examine the difference in efficacy and safety of intravitreal dexamethasone implant (DEXI) in vitrectomized and non-vitrectomized eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All types of comparative studies published on PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Embase databases till March 10, 2025 were included. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis for change in central macular thickness (CMT), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (as logMar), and rise in intraocular pressure (IOP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen studies were included comparing 365 vitrectomized eyes with 778 non-vitrectomized eyes. Studies included mixed etiologies of macular edema. Meta-analysis showed that change in CMT was not significantly different between the two groups at 1 month (MD: -11.34 95% CI: -47.51, 24.82 I² = 2%), 3 months (MD: -0.43 95% CI: -33.36, 32.5 I² = 44%), 6 months (MD: -0.69 95% CI: -33.57, 34.95 I² = 18%) or 12 months ((MD: 37.46 95% CI: -4.86, 79.77 I² = 86%). The pooled analysis found no statistically significant difference between the two groups for change in BCVA at 1 month (MD: 0.04 95% CI: -0.01, 0.09 I² = 32%), 3 months (MD: 0.04 95% CI: -0.02, 0.09 I² = 0%) and 6 months (MD: 0.06 95% CI: 0.00, 0.11 I² = 0%). However, change in BCVA was significantly higher in the vitrectomized group at 12 months (MD: 0.17 95% CI: 0.13, 0.22 I² = 54%). The meta-analysis found no statistically significant difference in the risk of a rise in IOP between the two groups (OR: 1.26 95% CI: 0.81, 1.95 I² = 0%). Subgroup analysis based on etiology did not change the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DEXI may be equally efficacious and safe in vitrectomized and non-vitrectomized eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Retinal Necrosis: A Multicenter Study on Factors Associated with Visual Outcomes and Retinal Detachment.","authors":"Panuwat Soitong, Yaninsiri Ngathaweesuk, Noppakhun Panyayingyong, Atchara Amphornphruet, Variya Nganthavee, Boonsub Sakboonyarat, Sukhum Silpa-Archa, Narumon Keorochana","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2464717","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2464717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This multicenter study aimed to evaluate visual outcomes and analyze the specific viral pathogens and other factors associated with severe visual impairment (SVI), and retinal detachment (RD) in patients with acute retinal necrosis (ARN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective multicenter cohort study included ARN patients who underwent aqueous or vitreous PCR testing. Multivariable mixed-effects Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with viral pathogens and SVI. A mixed-effects parametric survival-time model was applied to evaluate RD risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 56 patients (65 eyes) diagnosed with ARN were included. 31 patients (47.7%) had a final visual acuity of 20/200 or worse. SVI was associated with zone 1 involvement (aRR 4.2), immunocompromised status (aRR 2.8), and RD (aRR 4.8). RD occurred in 23 patients (35.4%) after an average of 4.26 months from the onset of ARN. The incidence rate of RD was 1.4 per 1,000 eye-days (95% CI: 0.9-2.1. It increased in VZV-ARN cases by 4.02 times (log-rank <i>p</i> = 0.008), patients with retinitis affecting 2-3 quadrants, and in immunocompetent status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Zone 1 involvement, immunocompromised status, and RD were key risk factors for SVI in ARN. RD occurred in approximately one-third of cases. Early and aggressive intervention is essential in VZV-ARN cases, particularly in cases where retinitis involves 2-3 quadrants of the retina and in immunocompetent individuals, to mitigate the risk of RD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"743-750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implants for Macular Edema Secondary to Acute Retinal Necrosis.","authors":"Peipei Wu, Xiaoli Xing, Yu Huan, Xinying Li, Yunhan Yang, Jing Zhang, Xiubin Ma, Jun Li","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2024.2413692","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273948.2024.2413692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the effectiveness and risk of intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implants in treating macular edema (ME) secondary to acute retinal necrosis (ARN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective, noncomparative case series study, five patients who developed secondary ME after ARN and received an intravitreal dexamethasone implant injection were enrolled. The features of secondary ME on OCT and the outcomes of dexamethasone intravitreal implanting were presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 59 years (range, 51-61 years). All patients had unilateral involvement, and all 5 eyes showed mild to moderate anterior uveitis, retinal necrosis, and vasculitis. Herpes zoster virus was detected in all eyes using PCR, and timely antiviral and anti-inflammatory treatment was performed. Aqueous humor samples were negative for herpes zoster virus DNA, and resolution of viral retinitis was noted upon the occurrence of ME. Additionally, three eyes received pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil prior to ME development. All eyes presented with intraretinal fluid, hyper-reflective foci, and impairments of the external limiting membrane/ellipsoid zone at varying degrees on OCT images. Epiretinal membrane was exhibited in 80% of eyes, but no vitreoretinal traction was detected. Subretinal fluid was visible in 60% of eyes. ME was relieved effectively in all eyes after intravitreal dexamethasone implanting. One of these patients experienced three episodes of ME. No recurrence of retinal necrosis or corticosteroid-associated ocular hypertension was observed during the follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implants can effectively alleviate ME secondary to ARN and improve visual acuity with no adverse reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"736-742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idiopathic Multicentric Castleman's Disease Presenting with Chorioretinal Undulation: A Case Report.","authors":"Suowang Zhou, Liang Wang, Xin Li, Xiaona Zuo, Aifeng Wu, Xiaoyan Peng","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2453883","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2453883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case of idiopathic multicentric Castleman's disease (iMCD) with initial ocular involvement, presenting with chorioretinal undulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational case report of iMCD patient with ocular manifestation on fundus photography, auto-fluorescein and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT), initially and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 75-year-old patient with painless vision loss for 2 years right eye (RE) and 3-month left eye (LE). Fundus examination revealed several yellow-white lesions along with the inferior arcade, with extensive pigment disturbance of the right eye and exudative retinal detachment of the left eye. SS-OCT showed choroid and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) undulations, choroid thickening and hyperreflective dots at the choroidal level. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the anterior chamber was very high (1595 pg/ml RE and 749.3 pg/ml LE). After cervical lymph node biopsy, the patient was finally diagnosed with iMCD. Siltuximab, an interleukin-6 inhibitor, was administered. After two cycles of therapy, the patient's ocular manifestations improved significantly, the choroid and RPE undulation and the ERD resolved without local treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chorioretinal undulation and elevated IL-6 in intraocular fluid could be ocular manifestations of MCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"854-858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disseminated Varicella-Zoster Virus-Associated Acute Retinal Necrosis in a Post-Bone Marrow Transplant Patient.","authors":"Sai Bhakti Mishra, Ankush Kawali, Padmamalini Mahendradas, Rohit Shetty","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2503327","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2503327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This case report highlights the risk of viral infections, particularly acute retinal necrosis (ARN), in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) following bone marrow transplantation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 45-year-old male with aplastic anaemia who underwent a bone marrow transplantation developed GVHD and was treated with ruxolitinib and tacrolimus. The patient presented with ocular symptoms and was diagnosed with pseudodendritic keratitis in the right eye and ARN in the left eye. The diagnosis was confirmed through PCR analysis of the anterior chamber tap.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient's right eye symptoms were resolved with topical acyclovir and supportive care, achieving a best-corrected visual acuity of 6/6. Following systemic and intravitreal antiviral therapy, ARN resolved in left eye with thinning and retinal detachment. The patient was not cleared for surgery due to his compromised systemic condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our case highlights the disseminated and asymmetric nature of herpes zoster infection in the context of severe immunosuppression. This emphasizes the need to balance effective GVHD treatment and reinforces the importance of ongoing vigilance and timely management of these high-risk individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"718-720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presumed Sympathetic Ophthalmia After Diode Laser Cyclophotocoagulation for Neovascular Glaucoma: A Case Series.","authors":"Blanca C Flores-Sánchez, Katharine S Sears","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2024.2447838","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273948.2024.2447838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a case series of presumed Sympathetic Ophthalmia (SO) triggered by diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) for the treatment of neovascular glaucoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients developing bilateral granulomatous uveitis after CPC between 2014 and 2024. Cases with prior ocular trauma or penetrating ocular surgery were excluded. Treatment consisted of systemic steroids acutely and subsequently steroid-sparing drugs for long-term control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three patients were included. The cause of neovascular glaucoma in the inciting eyes was a central retinal vein occlusion. The ocular inflammation was characterised by vitritis, serous retinal detachment, and choroidal thickening. The follow-up for each case was 2, 6 and 10 years, respectively. During this period, all patients remained under constant immunosuppression due to recurrence of inflammation while attempting tapering of systemic therapy after a period of clinical stability. The final best-corrected visual acuity of the sympathising eyes was ≥6/9 Snellen and there was no perception of light in the inciting eyes. The blind eyes were comfortable and did not require surgical removal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients responded well to prompt immunosuppression and preserved vision in the sympathising eye. Steroid-sparing medication could not be stopped due to inflammation flare-ups and risk of visual loss. There could be a potential link between breakdown of the blood-retina barrier prior to the development of SO and sustained inflammatory reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"781-790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Common Practice Patterns in the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Retinal Necrosis: A Survey Study of Uveitis Specialists.","authors":"Isabel K Ray, Lucia Sobrin, Ramana Moorthy, Steven Yeh, Jennifer E Thorne, Jessica G Shantha","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2024.2380902","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273948.2024.2380902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Due to lack of large randomized clinical trials to determine best practices in treating acute retinal necrosis (ARN), there is not a clear consensus amongst ophthalmologists on how to best manage this potentially blinding condition. The aim of this study is to survey common practice patterns and analyze the factors that affect ophthalmologists' management of ARN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymous survey was distributed to uveitis and retina specialists who are members of the American Uveitis Society (AUS) via email to query practice patterns regarding ARN. The survey included 22 questions with an additional 10 questions based on response. Survey question topics included demographic information, diagnostic testing, antiviral therapy, corticosteroids, and surgical procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>67 surveys were included for analysis. Most respondents (87%) always or frequently obtain intraocular aqueous fluid for diagnostic PCR testing. The majority of respondents would administer intravitreal antiviral injections to a unilateral immunocompetent ARN patient (67%), but would be even more likely to do so for a bilateral immunosuppressed ARN patient (87%). Respondents tend to treat ARN with systemic rather than local corticosteroids, with the majority (63%) of respondents initiating corticosteroid treatment 48 hours after treatment. Most respondents (79%) never perform a vitrectomy to manage ARN unless the patient has a retinal detachment or tear. The majority (63%) rarely or never perform prophylactic laser barricade, but may consider laser treatment if there is extensive retinal involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current practice patterns for diagnosis and management of ARN among AUS members generally align with the suggested practices outlined by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"729-735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Axial Length in Patients of Acute Retinal Necrosis Undergoing Vitrectomy.","authors":"Boya Lei, Yao Zhou, Xinyi Ding, Ruiping Gu, Qinmeng Shu, Min Wang, Qing Chang, Gezhi Xu, Min Zhou, Rui Jiang","doi":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2455960","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09273948.2025.2455960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To observe the changes in the axial length (AL) in patients of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) undergoing vitrectomy and investigate the correlated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective case series. Patients diagnosed as ARN undergoing vitrectomy with silicone oil (SO) tamponade, and with attached retina more than one year after silicone oil removal (SOR) were included. Medical records and AL measured by Zeiss IOLMaster 700 were reviewed before vitrectomy, before SOR, and one year after SOR. Residual retinal index, a parameter reflecting the residual retinal area after vitrectomy was analyzed based on the ultra-wide-field fundus imaging. The AL change (ΔAL) was calculated and clinical factors related to ΔAL were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 45 eyes from 45 patients were included. The AL at pre-vitrectomy and pre-SOR was 23.84 ± 1.45 and 23.53 ± 1.53 mm among all 45 eyes, with a ΔAL of 0.31 ± 0.62 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Among the 22 eyes with AL measured at one year after SOR, the AL at pre-SOR and one-year post-SOR was 23.82 ± 1.60 and 23.16 ± 0.79 mm, with a ΔAL of 0.67 ± 1.58 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001). After excluding highly myopic eyes, the ΔAL was 0.31 ± 0.59 mm (<i>n</i> = 42, <i>p</i> < 0.001) between pre-vitrectomy and pre-SOR, and 0.22 ± 0.32 mm (<i>n</i> = 20, <i>p</i> = 0.001) between pre-SOR and one-year post-SOR. Multivariable regression analysis revealed the variable that remained independently associated with ΔAL between pre-SOR and one-year post-SOR was the residual retinal index (β = -0.568, <i>p</i> = 0.006).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For ARN patients undergoing vitrectomy, AL decreased significantly both post-vitrectomy and post-SOR. The refractive shift should be considered before intraocular lens implantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19406,"journal":{"name":"Ocular Immunology and Inflammation","volume":" ","pages":"759-765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}