Nucleus最新文献

{"title":"PLANTAS DE COBERTURA EM SISTEMA AGROFLORESTAL ORGÂNICO NO NOROESTE PAULISTA","authors":"Wander Luis Barbosa BORGES, Nilton Aparecido Marques de OLIVEIRA, Cícero Sebastião de OLIVEIRA, Caio César de OLIVEIRA, Lucas Pires da CUNHA, Diogo dos SANTOS, Luiz Henrique Valentim da SILVA","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4126","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was developed at Estância Esperança, in Jales, northwest of São Paulo. The agroforestry system was composed of 5 species: pineapple, banana, papaya, pink pepper and Bixa orellana L., cultivated in an organic system. 5 treatments were used: 4 cover crops and 1 standard treatment (without cover crop): T1: Standard treatment; T2: U. Ruziziensis; T3: M. maximus (Syn. P. maximum) cv. Mombasa; T4: C. Juncea; T5: C. cajan. The experimental design used in randomized blocks with 4 repetitions. The total area of the experiment was 1.8 ha. Dry matter yield and nutrient absorption by cover crops and standard treatment and changes in soil chemical attributes were evaluated. The results were subjected to variance analysis and the averages compared by the Tukey test (p <0.05). Because it has the highest dry matter yield and, consequently, higher nutrient accumulation between cover crops and by reducing the soil Al content, M. Maximus cv. Mombasa proved to be an interesting option to be used as a cover crop in an organic agroforestry system in the northwest of São Paulo.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135585939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USO DE INSETICIDAS BIOLÓGICOS NO CONTROLE DE INSETOS PRAGAS DAS CULTURAS DO SORGO E FEIJÃO","authors":"Wander Luis Barbosa BORGES, Arthur Ondei de CARVALHO, Luan Carlos Pianta da CRUZ, Edvaldo Novelli GOMES, Rogério Soares de FREITAS, Marcos Doniseti MICHELOTTO","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4124","url":null,"abstract":"The project was developed at the IAC, in Votuporanga, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with four repetitions, using five treatments: sorghum culture: standard treatment (without insecticide application, T1); Colossus BT-2 (B. thugingiensis subsp. Kurstaki) and Comander (C. subtlesugae) at doses of 0.3 L ha-1 and 0.2 L ha-1, respectively (T2); 0.4 L ha-1 and 0.3 L ha-1, respectively (T3); 0.5 L ha-1 and 0.4 L ha-1, respectively (T4); application of chemical insecticides (T5); bean culture: standard treatment (without insecticide application, T1); Application of Ultron-S+A (S. spinosa) at doses of 0.2 L ha-1 (T2); 0.3 L ha-1 (T3); 0.4 L ha-1 (T4); application of chemical insecticides (T5). The plots were 5.0 x 5.0 m, totaling 25 m2. In sorghum culture was evaluated the incidence (%) of plants with the presence of caterpillars in the leaves; the incidence (%) of plants with caterpillars attack symptoms in the leaves; the incidence (%) of plants with the presence of aphids in the leaves; the incidence (%) of plants with symptoms of attack of aphids in the leaves; final stand ha-1 and grain yield ha-1. In bean culture was evaluated the incidence (%) of plants with the presence of caterpillars in the leaves; the incidence (%) of plants with symptoms of attack of caterpillars in the leaves; the incidence (%) of plants with the presence of thrips in the leaves; the incidence (%) of plants with thrips attack symptoms in the leaves; final stand ha-1 and grain yield ha-1.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135587155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AVALIAÇÃO DE PARÂMETROS RELACIONADOS A FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE NITROGÊNIO EM SOJA cv. TMG 2165 IPRO PRÉ-COINOCULADA EM DIFERENTES MOMENTOS ANTES DA SEMEADURA","authors":"Matheus Queiroz de Souza FRANÇA, Ivana Marino BÁRBARO-TORNELI, Everton Luis FINOTO, José Antônio Alberto da SILVA, Fernando Bergantini MIGUEL","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4127","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to evaluate parameters of biological nitrogen fixation in soybean subjected to different treatments: T1 - control without the use of commercial inoculant; T2 - chemical nitrogen fertilization; T3 - commercial inoculant based Bradyrhizobium applied to the seeds on the sowing day; use of commercial inoculant containing Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum bacteria applied at 0, 7 and 15 days before sowing (DBS), treatments T4, T5 e T6, respectively. In R2, the following parameters were evaluated: number of nodules and dry mass in the main root, secondary roots and total; shoot and total dry mass and nitrogen content in the soot (NCS). In R8, the accumulated nitrogen content in the grains (NCG) was measured. From the results obtained, it can be noted that for the nodulation parameters (nodular number and dry mass) the treatments that stood out were related to co-inoculation (T4, T5 e T6) without statistical difference regarding the period of application of the inoculant. With regard to NCS, there was a greater increase in treatments T4 and T2, which did not differ from each other and presented mean values of 33.84 and 33.23 kg ha-1, respectively. For NCG, T4 stood out with 58.43 kg ha-1, despite having statistical similarity to treatments that used the same inoculant applied to 7 (T5) and (T6) DBS, as well as T2 and T3. It can be concluded that the parameters to biological nitrogen fixation did not suffer a negative influence due to the application of early co-inoculation up to 15 days before soybean sowing.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135587157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ÍNDICE DE PEGAMENTO DE ENXERTOS EM MUDAS DE SERINGUEIRA SOBRE BANCADA SUSPENSA A PLENO SOL EM TRES EPÓCAS","authors":"Elaine Cristine Piffer GONÇALVES, Ivana Marino BÁRBARO, José Antonio Alberto da SILVA, Antônio Lúcio Mello MARTINS, Maria Teresa Vilella ABDO, Maria Beatriz Bernardes SOARES, Mariana Ayres RODRIGUES","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4133","url":null,"abstract":"he objective of this study was to evaluate the grafting of rubber tree seedlings produced on a suspended workbench in full sun, at three different times. One of the major problems in the production of seedlings on a suspended workbench is related to grafting (grafting time and type of bud used). In order to evaluate better times for grafting, an experiment was carried out in a seedling nursery in Mendonça, São Paulo State, Brazil, produced on a suspended workbench in full sun. The design used was randomized blocks, with three grafting times, and for each time, 15 plants were grafted, with four replications. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test to compare means using a 5% significance level. Grafting index × grafting time was evaluated. There was a significant difference between the grafting time and the grafting index ranged from 68.3% to 95%, depending on the grafting time. It is concluded that climatic factors influence grafting index. Keywords: Graft. Hevea brasiliensis. Clime.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUÊNCIA DA COINOCULAÇÃO DE SOJA COM Bradyrhizobium E DIFERENTES CEPAS DE Azospirillum EM PARÂMETROS DE FIXAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA DE NITROGÊNIO","authors":"Ivana Marino BÁRBARO-TORNEL, Everton Luis FINOTO, Elaine Cristine Piffer GONÇALVES, José Antônio Alberto da SILVA, Fernando Bergantini MIGUEL, Marcelo Henrique de FARIA","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4130","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to evaluate the efficiency in parameters of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of new strains of Azospirillum for coinoculation with Bradyrhizobium in soybean. For this, a fiel experimentw was set up with the following treatments: 1 - negative control without inoculant; 2 - positive control com 200 kg ha-1 of chemical nitrogen fertilizer; 3- inoculation with Bradyrhizobium (B); 4 -coinoculation of B with Azospirillum brasilense; 5 - coinoculation B + strain 1; 6 - coinoculation B + strain 2; T7 - coinoculation B + strain 3 and 8 - coinoculation B + strains 1, 2 and 3. At flowering, 5 plants were collected per experimental plot. The evaluated parameters were: number and dry mass of nodules on the main root (NMR, DMMR), on the secondary roots (NSR, DMSR) and total (NTR, DMTR); dry mass of aerial part (DMAP) and of the root (DMR). In relation to NSR and NTR, treatment 4 provided a greater increment of nodules in the secondary roots and a total of respectively 25 and 31,87 nodules plant-1 in relation to the others tested. For NMR treatments 3 and 4 were similar with means of 6,7 and 6,87 nodules plant-1, not statistically diferente from treatments with others Azospirillum strains (5, 6 and 7). As for DMMR, DMSR and DMTR, 4 and 3 stood out in relation to these parameters and were superior to treatments (5, 6, 7 and 8). Only for DMR and DMAP chemical nitrogen fertilization (2) stood out statistically, with the first parameter statistically similar to treatment 4 and second to treatment 8. It can be concluded that the new strains did not stand out in the parameters of BNF, with coinoculation with Azospirillum brasilense more efficient. Keywords: Lineage selection, Mixed inoculation, Glycine max.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AVALIAÇÃO DO DESEMPENHO DE ALGUNS CLONES DE SERINGUEIRA PARA PRODUÇÃO DE MADEIRA","authors":"Leandro Brabo da Brabo da CRÚS, Antônio Lúcio Mello MARTINS, Elaine Cristine Piffer GONÇALVES, Lucas MARTINS, Mônica Helen MARTINS","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4135","url":null,"abstract":"The rubber tree was originally introduced in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, with a view to exploiting natural latex as the main source of income. However, there are some alternatives that may be viable for properties looking to diversify agricultural production. In some Asian countries, timber extraction, seed production for vegetable oil extraction and honey production have been commercially exploited. The exploration of wood has been the most important alternative, extracted when the productive period of the trees ends (25 - 30 years). Rubber tree wood can be used in the furniture industry and in the manufacture of doors, windows and other household items. At the end of their productive life, when it is necessary to replant the area, as the exploitation of latex is no longer viable, the trees have a circumference of 100 - 110 cm (at 125 cm above the ground), being suitable for cutting approximately 300 to 400 trees/ha, with a production of 1 m3 of wood/tree. However, there are some peculiarities in rubber tree wood that should be known. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the wood productive potential of rubber tree clones, as well as the relationship between the rootstocks and the clones in characteristics such as total height, marketable height, DBH (diameter at breast height) and marketable volume of wood. The experiment was carried out at APTA Regional in Pindorama, State of São Paulo, Brazil and the experimental design used was randomized blocks with split plots, with 6 treatments (rootstocks), 6 subtreatments (clones), four replications and 20 plants/plot, with 6 plants useful. The results show that the clone PB 235 is the best for the characteristic total height and commercial height and that the rootstocks RRIM 701, GT-1, PB235 and IAN 873 are the best for the characteristic total height. There was interaction between the different clones and rootstocks tested in terms of total height. Clones PB 235, RRIM 600 and PR 107 are the best for the DAP trait. The rootstocks PB 235, GT-1, IAN 873 and RRIM 701 are the best for the DAP characteristic. Keywords: Hevea brasiliensis. Diameter. Height.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135587156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APLICAÇÃO DE PÓ DE ROCHA EM SERINGUEIRA NA REGIÃO NOROESTE PAULISTA: EFEITO SOBRE OS TEORES DE NUTRIENTES FOLIARES","authors":"Wander Luis Barbosa BORGES, Erivaldo José SCALOPPI JUNIOR, Rogério Soares de FREITAS, Helimar Balarone da Silva SPORCH, Luan Carlos Pianta da CRUZ, Douglas Yuri Osaki de OLIVEIRA, João Francisco BORGES, Laryssa de Castro SILVA","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4125","url":null,"abstract":"The project was developed at Fazenda Terra Nobre, in Meridiano, São Paulo State. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with four repetitions, using five treatments, consisting of the dose of rock powder: T1: Standard treatment (0 t ha-1); T2: 1.25 t ha-1; T3: 2.5 t ha-1; T4: 5 t ha-1; T5: 10 t ha-1. The plots contained 5 lines with 90 plants in total, and 20 useful plants, being 1 central line, 1 on the right side, 1 on the left side and 1 line edge on the right side and 1 line edge on the left side. Leaves were collected on the central lines, the right and left side of each plot and sent for leaf analysis of nutrient content and the data were subjected to the analysis of regression variance. The continuation of experimentation is required to obtain more conclusive data from the use of rock powder on leaf nutrient contents of the rubber tree culture.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135585936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INTERAÇÃO ENXERTO VS PORTA-ENXERTOS NA CULTURA DA SERINGUEIRA","authors":"Lucas MARTINS, Antônio Lúcio Mello MARTINS, Elaine Cristine Piffer GONÇALVES, Mônica Helena MARTINS","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4139","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present work was to study the development of the aerial part and the root system and the nutritional situation in young rubber tree plants, selecting clones with greater vigor and desired characteristics in a rootstock, relating them to the reduction of production time of seedlings, increasing the degree of compatibility and consequently uniformity in order to know their potential for use as rootstock for commercial clones and guarantee the producer an adequate and uniform productivity during the bleeding period of his rubber plantation. The experiment was carried out at APTA Regional at Pindorama, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in the nursery in plastic bags using a randomized block design with seven treatments and four replications. Each plot was composed of 120 plants, totaling 3360 useful plants. The treatments consisted of plants from the six clones PB 235, RRIM 600, GT 1, PR 261, IAN 873, Tjir 1 x Tjir 16 and unselected seeds (SNS). At 10 months all clones are ready for grafting. Clone IAN 873 presents grafting conditions at 8 months, with greater precocity compared to the others. Regarding the diameter of the stem, it can be said that the best results were respectively from the clones IAN 873, GT 1 and PB 235. That in the endosperm there was a higher concentration of zinc and copper. As for the concentration of calcium in the seed, a greater presence was observed in the shell, while the other macronutrients and total protein occurred in greater amounts in the endosperm. Within foliar nutrients, there is no significant difference between micronutrients. Keywords: Hevea Brasilienses, Genetic interactions, Clones.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CUSTOS DE PRODUÇÃO: SILAGEM DE MILHO NA REGIÃO NORTE DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO","authors":"Fernando Bergantini MIGUEL, Ivana Marino BÁRBARO-TORNELI, Elaine Cristine Piffer GONÇALVES, José Antônio Alberto da SILVA, Marcelo Henrique de FARIA","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4143","url":null,"abstract":"he objective was to evaluate production costs during all mechanized and manual operations used in the production of corn silage (common), cultivated in the municipality of Colina, São Paulo, in the 2022/23 season. Among the costs involved in agricultural production, those with agricultural machinery and inputs are the main ones. For this purpose, two seed varieties of corn: P4285VYHR and P4285R were used. Harrowing was performed with a harrow; two harrowing with crushing harrow; sowing and fertilization in line with a fertilizer seeder; application of herbicide and insecticide with boom sprayer; and harvesting with a single row forage harvester. The P4285VYHR variety had a COE 2.4% higher than the P4285R variety, but the yield of the first variety was 34% higher than the second variety. Keywords: Economic viability; Planting; Cultivars.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135586123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRODUÇÃO DE SOJA EM ÁREAS DE RENOVAÇÃO DE CANAVIAL NA REGIÃO NOROESTE PAULISTA, SAFRA 2022/23","authors":"Everton Luis FINOTO, Maria Beatriz Bernardes SOARES, Ivana Marino BÁRBARO-TORNELI, Sérgio DONÁ, Rogério Soares de FREITAS, Marcelo TICELLI, Flávio Sueo TOKUDA, Keron Mateus NEVES","doi":"10.3738/1982.2278.4140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3738/1982.2278.4140","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluations of cultivar competition are of paramount importance for the indication of these for a given area of cultivation. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the agronomic performance of different soybean cultivars in different locations within the Northwest Region of the State of São Paulo in the 2022/23 season, in order to identify the most suitable cultivars for planting in the region. Cultivar competition trials were installed in 5 municipalities in the Northwest Region of the State of São Paulo (Itápolis, Novais, Orindiúva, Sales and Votuporanga/Meridiano). In the five locations, the experiments were installed in a randomized block design with 3 replications and carried out as recommended for the crop, evaluating grain yield at 13% moisture. The means of the results were grouped using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. With the exception of Itápolis, all studied locations showed a favorable performance for soybean production with most of the evaluated cultivars. Most of the cultivars studied are agronomically suitable for cultivation in the Northwestern Region of the State of São Paulo, with emphasis on cultivars CZ26B47, CZ26B55 and CZ37B39. Keywords: Genetical enhancement. Glycine max. Cultivar competition. Productivity.","PeriodicalId":19392,"journal":{"name":"Nucleus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135587153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}