Odontology最新文献

{"title":"Anionic surfactant and its nanocomposite as corrosion inhibitors for dental implants.","authors":"Sheerin Masroor, M Z A Rafiquee, Ajay Kumar, Mohd Mobin, Omar Dagdag, Avni Berisha, Mohammad Ehtisham Khan","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01192-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01192-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental implants are continuously exposed to aggressive oral conditions that can trigger corrosion and compromise their long-term success. In the present work, findings highlight the potential of surfactant nanocomposities (NCs), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with the titanium oxide (TiO₂) nanoparticals (NPs), which were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors using mild steel as a model substrate in artificial saliva. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and open circuit potential (OCP) measurements revealed that the SDS-TiO₂ system achieved markedly higher inhibition efficiency than SDS alone, owing to strong adsorption and stable inhibitor-surface interactions. Structural characterization confirmed nanoscale particle size and stability. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed nanoscale dimensions (13.9-28.6 nm) and and zeta-sizer analysis revealed a single sharp peak with an approximate size of 17 nm with good stability, supporting its effective performance. The high E_ads value ( - 2585.50 kcal/mol) for the SDS-TiO₂ NCs system reflects the greater stability (inhibitor/surface interaction) and consequently increases their inhibition efficiencies. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, p < 0.05) further validated the significant improvement in resistance parameters with SDS-TiO₂. Computational modeling (DFT, Monte Carlo (MC), and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations) corroborated experimental findings by demonstrating the strong binding affinity of the inhibitor system adsorbed on the surface of Fe (110) by a horizontal orientation. While mild steel was employed as a surrogate, these results highlight the translational promise of SDS-TiO₂ NCs for enhancing corrosion resistance in dental implant environments. Future validation of the present findings on clinically relevant alloys (CP-Ti and Ti-6Al-4 V) is essential to confirm the translational potential of SDS-TiO₂ systems for real-world dental implant applications. This addition strengthens the clinical anchoring of the study by outlining a clear direction for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of CT-assessed sarcopenia on the severity of odontogenic deep neck infections: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Shogo Kikuta, Eiji Iwata, Yohei Takeshita, Chizuru Kobayashi, Hiroki Kimura, Yuki Kinisada, Akira Tachibana, Jingo Kusukawa, Masaya Akashi, Soichiro Ibaragi","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01204-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01204-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcopenia is increasingly recognized as a key predictor of adverse health outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of computed tomography-assessed sarcopenia (CT-SP) on the clinical severity and hospitalization duration of odontogenic deep neck infections (DNIs). Total of 119 patients admitted for odontogenic DNI treatment were included. Patients were divided into two groups by DNI clinical severity (severe or mild) and the patients' characteristics, including CT-SP based on skeletal muscle index (SMI), were compared between two groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for severe DNI. The correlation between SMI and hospitalization duration was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Of the 119 patients, 60 (50.4%) presented with severe DNIs, including deep neck abscesses and necrotizing soft tissue infections. After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariable analysis identified CT-SP as the sole independent risk factor associated with severe DNI (Odds Ratio = 3.04; 95% Confidence Interval, 1.20-7.71; p = 0.019). Furthermore, SMI demonstrated a significant, weak negative correlation with the hospitalization duration (r = - 0.331, p < 0.001). CT-SP is a powerful, independent risk factor associated with severity in patients with odontogenic DNIs. This finding underscores the critical role of systemic host factors in the clinical course of maxillofacial infections and highlights the potential of opportunistic CT screening as a factor to consider in risk stratification in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145075769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of incorporating calcium polyphosphate submicroparticles into bleaching gels on enamel surface loss after erosive challenge.","authors":"Carolina Meneghin Barbosa, Mariangela Ivette Guanipa Ortiz, Julliana Andrade Da Silva, Waldemir Francisco Vieira-Junior, Flávio Henrique Baggio Aguiar, Klaus Rischka, Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01200-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01200-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the changes in surface integrity of dental enamel after bleaching using gels with different compositions followed by an erosive challenge. Bovine enamel specimens (4 × 4 × 2 mm; n = 12/group) stored in artificial saliva were treated with bleaching gels containing carbamide peroxide (CP) or hydrogen peroxide (HP) with or without calcium polyphosphate (CaPP) followed by an erosive challenge. In Experiment 1, 10% commercial CP (CPC), CPC + 2% NaF, 10% manipulated CP (CPM), CPM + 2% NaF, 10% CP + 0.5 wt% CaPP, 10% CP + 1.5 wt% CaPP, manipulated gel without CP, or no bleaching were applied for 14 days. In Experiment 2, CP was switched with 35% HP, and all gels were applied for two sessions. Thereafter, all samples were subjected to a 5-day erosive challenge using 1% citric acid (pH 3.5) for 120 s. Enamel surface loss was assessed using contact profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed using a generalized linear model (α = 0.05). Compared with that in the CP + 0.5% CaPP and HP + 0.5% CaPP groups, enamel loss was significantly greater in the CPM and CPC groups and HPM and HPC groups in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. SEM analysis revealed less surface degradation in the groups containing 0.5% CaPP, with greater preservation of the prismatic and interprismatic enamel structure. Both low- and high-concentration bleaching gels containing 0.5% CaPP improved enamel preservation after an erosive challenge compared to that with gels without CaPP. Thus, the addition of CaPP may help minimize enamel damage during bleaching by reducing mineral loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periodontitis and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: emphasizing the clinical interplay between hepatologists and dentists.","authors":"Nasser Mousa, Alaa Elmetwalli, Ahmed Abdel-Razik, Eman Mousa, Mostafa Abdelsalam, Sherif Elbaz, Niveen El-Wakeel, Waleed Eldars, Elsayed Gad, Mona Arafa, Mohamed Abdelmaksoud, Mahmoud El-Bendary, Omar Marei, Ali El-Assmy, Aya Mousa, Adel El-Assmy, Gamal Shiha","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01184-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01184-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative review aims to elucidate the connection between periodontitis and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), which is currently the most prevalent liver disease. By raising awareness of this link, healthcare providers can enhance their knowledge of the relationship between oral health and liver disease, offering valuable guidance to patients seeking advice from medical and dental professionals. A comprehensive search strategy was implemented to gather relevant literature from various databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Keywords and controlled vocabulary terms related to MASLD, periodontitis, and their potential connections were used. Emphasis was placed on recent publications to incorporate up-to-date research findings. Various types of studies, such as primary research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, guidelines, consensus statements, and expert opinions, were considered. The selection of studies focused on understanding the association between MASLD and periodontitis, as well as the underlying mechanisms. Special attention was given to studies exploring the oral-gut-liver axis and the pathogenic links between MASLD and periodontitis. Recent research suggests a possible connection between MASLD and periodontitis, as both conditions share common risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation. Chronic inflammation associated with periodontitis may contribute to the progression of MASLD by promoting insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. The oral microbiome, which plays a crucial role in periodontitis development, may also influence MASLD pathogenesis. Dysbiosis in the oral microbiome can lead to the translocation of oral bacteria into the bloodstream, triggering systemic inflammation and potentially worsening liver damage in individuals with MASLD. Improving periodontal health can impact the progression of MASLD/MAFLD and enhance patient outcomes. Collaborative care models that integrate dental and medical expertise are crucial for optimal health outcomes in individuals with both conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of polishing methods on the physical properties of temporary restorations.","authors":"Fabio Antonio Piola Rizzante, Zheng Qian, Pedro Henrique Magão, Italo Silva, Guilherme Faria Moura, Gustavo Mendonça","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01191-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01191-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although surface polishing of temporary restorations is a crucial clinical step, there is a lack of information about the effect of different polishing protocols on the surface properties of 3D printed resins for temporary restorations. This study had as goal to evaluate the effect of different polishing methods on the surface roughness, contact angle, and color stability of temporary restorations. One bis-acrylic resin (Integrity/IT) and 3 resins for 3D printing (Denture teeth, Formlabs/DT, Crown and Bridge MFH, Nextdent/CB, and Cosmos Temp, Yller/CT) were polished following 5 protocols (No polishing/Control, Jiffy Cup/JC, Jiffy Brush/JB, Sof-lex/SL, and Astropol/AS) and tested for surface roughness using a profilometer and for color stability using a spectrophotometer (after immersion in instant coffee for up to 7 days). Data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA (surface roughness and contact angle) and 3-way repeated measurements ANOVA (color stability), all followed by Tukey test. Overall results of surface roughness showed CT > DT = CB = IT, and Control > JB > AS = SL = JC. The highest surface roughness was observed for IT control group, while the lowest values were observed for CB polished with SL. All groups showed lower surface roughness after being polished with multi-step polishing systems except for CB polished using AS, which showed similar values to CB polished with JB. Overall results of contact angle showed IT > CT > DT > CB, and JC > Control > AS > JB = SL. Highest contact angle was observed for CT control and all resins polished using JC, while the lowest values were observed for CB control group and CT polished using AS. Control groups for IT and CT were more hydrophobic than their respective polished groups, while CB and DT resins were more hydrophobic when polished compared to their respective control groups. Overall results of color variation showed CT > IT = CB > DT, and Control > JB > JC = SL = AS. All tested resins showed color variation higher than the 3.3 clinical threshold when immersed in coffee for 7 days, except DT and CT polished using JC. Different polishing methods can influence the physical properties of different resins used for temporary restorations. All materials showed better results when polished, especially when a multi-step polishing system was used.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145064867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the profile of metric-based reviews published in dentistry and proposal for a standardized guideline: metrics.","authors":"Aurélio de Oliveira Rocha, Lucas Menezes Dos Anjos, Juliana Freire-Maia, Bruno Henriques, Mariane Cardoso, Paulo Antônio Martins Júnior","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01208-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10266-025-01208-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metric-based reviews have been rapidly growing in dentistry. Analyzing their scientific profile and proposing a design method is essential for ensuring quality. This study aims to analyze the profile of metric-based reviews and establish a reporting guideline for such studies in dentistry. The search for articles was conducted in Scopus in December 2024. The main characteristics of the studies were extracted. Collaborative network maps were created using VOSviewer. A guideline was developed based on the profile of the selected reviews. A total of 683 articles were included in the analysis. A significant highlight was observed for bibliometric reviews (n = 631), followed by altmetric studies (n = 31), which were typically global in nature (n = 497). Most reviews aimed to evaluate the scientific landscape of a specific dental topic (n = 530). The articles were primarily associated with general dentistry (n = 172). Most studies conducted their searches in a single database (n = 530). Bibliometric analyses were predominantly conducted on the Web of Science (n = 248), while altmetric analyses were mainly conducted on Altmetric (n = 31). Brazil was the country with the highest representation (n = 121). The practical guide (METRICS) was developed based on the analysis of the reviews. Metric-based analyses have grown dramatically in recent years in the field of dentistry. These studies were mainly global bibliometric reviews associated with general dentistry, with a significant contribution from Brazilian researchers. The protocol developed is essential for ensuring standardization and higher quality in future analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enterococcus faecalis and lipoteichoic acid up-regulated PD-L1 of macrophage through TLR and IRE1 α/XBP1 signaling axis.","authors":"Yanling Yang, Runze Liu, Qing Sun, Zhuo Chen, Wei Fan","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01202-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01202-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a critical immune checkpoint molecule that negatively regulates T-cell activation and serves as a characteristic marker of exhausted T cells in bacterial and viral infections. In this study, we found that Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) infection modulated macrophage immune function under inflammatory conditions by upregulating PD-L1 expression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and potential regulatory mechanisms of E. faecalis and its virulence factor lipoteichoic acid (LTA) on the expression of PD-L1 in macrophages. RAW264.7 cells were treated with E. faecalis or LTA, respectively. Cellular immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB) were employed to assess the expression of PD-L1 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins, including inositol-requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1 α) and X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), in macrophages. Following inhibition of the IRE1 α/XBP1 pathway and treatment with E. faecalis, qRT-PCR, flow cytometry, and WB were performed to detect the expression of PD-L1 and XBP1. Macrophage apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was knocked down using small interfering RNA (siRNA), and the expression of PD-L1, IRE1 α, and XBP1 in TLR2-silenced macrophages stimulated by E. faecalis was evaluated by qRT-PCR and WB. Statistical significance was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results demonstrated that E. faecalis and LTA significantly enhanced the expression of PD-L1, IRE1 α, and XBP1s in macrophages. Inhibition of the IRE1 α/XBP1 pathway reduced XBP1s and PD-L1 expression as well as apoptosis in E. faecalis-stimulated macrophages. TLR2 silencing decreased PD-L1, IRE1 α, and XBP1s expression levels in E. faecalis-stimulated macrophages. These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which E. faecalis induces persistent apical periodontitis and provide a foundation for further exploration of immune checkpoint molecules in the pathogenesis and treatment of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145054782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of trunk angle on the biomechanics of tongue, hyoid, and swallowing-related muscles during normal oropharyngeal swallowing with a non-invasive sensing system.","authors":"Qiang Li, Wanxin Li, Kazuhiro Hori, Kazuhiro Murakami, Yoshinobu Maeda, Yongjin Chen, Takahiro Ono","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01205-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01205-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Body posture plays an important role in the normal oropharyngeal swallowing process. We aimed to clarify the effects of trunk angle on the biomechanics of the tongue, hyoid, and suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles during normal oropharyngeal swallowing. For this purpose, fifteen healthy male participants (aged 27.7 ± 1.8 years) were recruited. They swallowed 15 ml of water in three random trunk angles (90°, 60°, 30°), and tongue pressure, hyoid bone movement, and the activity of the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles were monitored simultaneously by a non-invasive sensing system. Then, the temporal sequence as well as the parameters such as duration, peak value, and interval of the above-mentioned oropharyngeal structural motions were assessed. Results showed that the temporal sequence of tongue pressure, hyoid motion, and myoelectric activities during oropharyngeal swallowing was stable without any variation among the three postures. As the body gradually inclined, the onset and offset of the hyoid stationary phase and the offset of hyoid movement were delayed, and the hyoid elevation phase was prolonged (p < 0.05). No significant differences were detected for any of the parameters of tongue pressure (p > 0.05) except for tongue pressure duration at the anterior part (p < 0.05). In addition, no significant postural effects were observed for the duration, peak value, and electromyographic area of the suprahyoid muscle or infrahyoid muscle (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that trunk angle had no effect on the biomechanical sequence of the tongue, hyoid, and muscles during oropharyngeal swallowing in healthy adults, and the oropharyngeal structures will accommodate and finely regulate according to body posture.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145054841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconceptualizing gingival keratinization: from epithelial autonomy to artificial intelligence-driven therapeutic planning.","authors":"Delfin Lovelina Francis, Saravanan Sampoornam Pape Reddy, Pradeep Kumar Yadalam","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01197-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01197-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gingival keratinization is critical for homeostasis of periodontal health, which has been previously thought to be connective tissue (CT) driven. Recent data refute that model instead of supporting it, implicating epithelial-intrinsic factors and local environmental signals as the dominant regulators of keratinization. This review critically appraises the role of CT in gingival keratinization and other possible mechanisms. A comprehensive review was conducted on literature from animal models, human case studies, and genetic research comparing the classical CT-directed model with recent hypotheses emphasizing keratinocyte autonomy. Studies on heterotopic gingival grafts, growth factor signaling, and keratinocyte differentiation were analyzed to assess the relative contributions of CT and epithelial factors in keratinization. Artificial intelligence driven predictive modelling was utilised to assess gingival keratinization. Analysis revealed that keratinization is not solely dictated by the CT. Instead, epithelial factors such as local signaling molecules, growth factors (TGF-β, KGF), and intrinsic genetic regulation of keratinocytes also play a dominant role. Studies on keratinocyte behaviour in the absence of CT support this hypothesis, suggesting epithelial differentiation occurs independently of CT signals. This review shifts the paradigm of gingival keratinization from a CT-driven model to an epithelial-mediated process. These findings have significant implications for periodontal regenerative therapies, emphasizing the modulation of epithelial factors over conventional CT grafting techniques for more effective soft tissue regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145054819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of different finishing and polishing protocols of composite CAD CAM blocks on surface roughness and biological response of gingival mesenchymal stem cells.","authors":"Mohamed F Haridy, Mohamed Shamel, Raghda A Khalil, Ahmed Refaat Mohamed, Hoda Fouda, Hend S Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s10266-025-01190-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-025-01190-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The surface quality of composite CAD/CAM restorations is vital in aesthetics, longevity, and the biological response of surrounding gingival tissues. Yet, little is known about how different finishing and polishing techniques influence cellular behavior at the tissue interface. This study aimed to evaluate how various finishing and polishing systems affect the surface roughness of composite CAD/CAM blocks, and how these differences influence the attachment, viability, and inflammatory response of gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Seventy-seven composite CAD/CAM specimens were prepared and subjected to one-step, two-step, and multi-step finishing/polishing protocols, with or without polishing paste. Surface roughness was measured using a digital profilometer. GMSCs were isolated from healthy donors, characterized, and cultured on the composite surfaces. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, adhesion was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and inflammation-related gene expression (IL-1β and TGF-β) was analyzed via q-PCR. Polished surfaces significantly reduced roughness and improved biological outcomes. Two-step finishing and polishing with paste resulted in the smoothest surfaces. GMSCs showed greater attachment and viability on polished composites, particularly in the two-step group. Inflammatory gene expression was lowest in polished groups, with IL-1β expression highest in unpolished specimens and TGF-β expression highest in the one-step groups. Finishing and polishing protocols directly impact the surface roughness as well as the biocompatibility of CAD/CAM composite surfaces. Smoother surfaces achieved through proper finishing and polishing enhance cell attachment and viability, and reduce inflammatory responses, highlighting the critical role of finishing in restorative success beyond aesthetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19390,"journal":{"name":"Odontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145054855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}