NeuronPub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.016
Leon Kremers, Tobias Rose
{"title":"Feedback needs experience.","authors":"Leon Kremers, Tobias Rose","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visual perception requires aligned feedforward and feedback processing, yet the role of experience remains unclear. The study by Dias et al.<sup>1</sup> in this issue of Neuron shows that the retinotopic organization of orientation-tuned feedback from higher to primary visual cortex is learned in mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":"112 19","pages":"3226-3227"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ketamine alleviates NMDA receptor hypofunction through synaptic trapping.","authors":"Frédéric Villéga, Alexandra Fernandes, Julie Jézéquel, Floriane Uyttersprot, Nathan Benac, Sarra Zenagui, Laurine Bastardo, Hélène Gréa, Delphine Bouchet, Léa Villetelle, Olivier Nicole, Véronique Rogemond, Jérôme Honnorat, Julien P Dupuis, Laurent Groc","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.06.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.06.028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Activity-dependent modulations of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) trapping at synapses regulate excitatory neurotransmission and shape cognitive functions. Although NMDAR synaptic destabilization has been associated with severe neurological and psychiatric conditions, tuning NMDAR synaptic trapping to assess its clinical relevance for the treatment of brain conditions remains a challenge. Here, we report that ketamine (KET) and other clinically relevant NMDAR open channel blockers (OCBs) promote interactions between NMDAR and PDZ-domain-containing scaffolding proteins and enhance NMDAR trapping at synapses. We further show that KET-elicited trapping enhancement compensates for depletion in synaptic receptors triggered by autoantibodies from patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Preventing synaptic depletion mitigates impairments in NMDAR-mediated CaMKII signaling and alleviates anxiety- and sensorimotor-gating-related behavioral deficits provoked by autoantibodies. Altogether, these findings reveal an unexpected dimension of OCB action and stress the potential of targeting receptor anchoring in NMDAR-related synaptopathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":" ","pages":"3311-3328.e9"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeuronPub Date : 2024-10-09Epub Date: 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.008
Josef Turecek, David D Ginty
{"title":"Coding of self and environment by Pacinian neurons in freely moving animals.","authors":"Josef Turecek, David D Ginty","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pacinian corpuscle neurons are specialized low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs) that are tuned to detect high-frequency vibration (∼50-2,000 Hz); however, it is unclear how Pacinians and other LTMRs encode mechanical forces encountered during naturalistic behavior. Here, we developed methods to record LTMRs in awake, freely moving mice. We find that Pacinians, but not other LTMRs, encode subtle vibrations of surfaces encountered by the animal, including low-amplitude vibrations initiated over 2 m away. Strikingly, Pacinians are also highly active during a wide variety of natural behaviors, including walking, grooming, digging, and climbing. Pacinians in the hindlimb are sensitive enough to be activated by forelimb- or upper-body-dominant behaviors. Finally, we find that Pacinian LTMRs have diverse tuning and sensitivity. Our findings suggest a Pacinian population code for the representation of vibro-tactile features generated by self-initiated movements and low-amplitude environmental vibrations emanating from distant locations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":" ","pages":"3267-3277.e6"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeuronPub Date : 2024-10-09Epub Date: 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.005
Kuo-Sheng Lee, Alastair J Loutit, Dominica de Thomas Wagner, Mark Sanders, Mario Prsa, Daniel Huber
{"title":"Transformation of neural coding for vibrotactile stimuli along the ascending somatosensory pathway.","authors":"Kuo-Sheng Lee, Alastair J Loutit, Dominica de Thomas Wagner, Mark Sanders, Mario Prsa, Daniel Huber","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In mammals, action potentials fired by rapidly adapting mechanosensitive afferents are known to reliably time lock to the cycles of a vibration. How and where along the ascending neuraxis is the peripheral afferent temporal code transformed into a rate code are currently not clear. Here, we probed the encoding of vibrotactile stimuli with electrophysiological recordings along major stages of the ascending somatosensory pathway in mice. We discovered the main transformation step was identified at the level of the thalamus, and parvalbumin-positive interneurons in thalamic reticular nucleus participate in sharpening frequency selectivity and in disrupting the precise spike timing. When frequency-specific microstimulation was applied within the brainstem, it generated frequency selectivity reminiscent of real vibration responses in the somatosensory cortex and could provide informative and robust signals for learning in behaving mice. Taken together, these findings could guide biomimetic stimulus strategies to activate specific nuclei along the ascending somatosensory pathway for neural prostheses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":" ","pages":"3343-3353.e7"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141902505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antisense oligonucleotides enhance SLC20A2 expression and suppress brain calcification in a humanized mouse model.","authors":"Miao Zhao, Xuewen Cheng, Lei Chen, Yi-Heng Zeng, Kai-Jun Lin, Yun-Lu Li, Ze-Hong Zheng, Xue-Jing Huang, Dan-Dan Zuo, Xin-Xin Guo, Jun Guo, Dian He, Ying Liu, Yu Lin, Chong Wang, Wen-Qi Lv, Hui-Zhen Su, Xiang-Ping Yao, Zi-Ling Ye, Xiao-Hong Chen, Ying-Qian Lu, Chen-Wei Huang, Guang Yang, Yu-Xian Zhang, Min-Ting Lin, Ning Wang, Zhi-Qi Xiong, Wan-Jin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary familial brain calcification (PFBC) is a genetic neurological disease, yet no effective treatment is currently available. Here, we identified five novel intronic variants in SLC20A2 gene from six PFBC families. Three of these variants increased aberrant SLC20A2 pre-mRNA splicing by altering the binding affinity of splicing machineries to newly characterized cryptic exons, ultimately causing premature termination of SLC20A2 translation. Inhibiting the cryptic-exon incorporation with splice-switching ASOs increased the expression levels of functional SLC20A2 in cells carrying SLC20A2 mutations. Moreover, by knocking in a humanized SLC20A2 intron 2 sequence carrying a PFBC-associated intronic variant, the SLC20A2-KI mice exhibited increased inorganic phosphate (Pi) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and progressive brain calcification. Intracerebroventricular administration of ASOs to these SLC20A2-KI mice reduced CSF Pi levels and suppressed brain calcification. Together, our findings expand the genetic etiology of PFBC and demonstrate ASO-mediated splice modulation as a potential therapy for PFBC patients with SLC20A2 haploinsufficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":" ","pages":"3278-3294.e7"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeuronPub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.011
Xiao Yang, Weijie Yan, Rong Gong
{"title":"Holistic inside and outside: The impact of food taste on ARC<sup>AGRP</sup> neuron activity in feeding regulation.","authors":"Xiao Yang, Weijie Yan, Rong Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The activities of appetite-regulated neurons-ARC<sup>AGRP</sup> neurons-are modulated by multi-level feedback signals during feeding. In this issue of Neuron, Aitken et al.<sup>1</sup> expand our understanding of the feedback control within feeding circuits, revealing that food taste signals can causally and precisely regulate meal patterns through ARC<sup>AGRP</sup> neurons.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":"112 19","pages":"3228-3230"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeuronPub Date : 2024-10-09Epub Date: 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.08.014
Yang Hu, Kevin K Park, Liu Yang, Xin Wei, Qiang Yang, Kin-Sang Cho, Peter Thielen, Ann-Hwee Lee, Romain Cartoni, Laurie H Glimcher, Dong Feng Chen, Zhigang He
{"title":"Differential Effects of Unfolded Protein Response Pathways on Axon Injury-Induced Death of Retinal Ganglion Cells.","authors":"Yang Hu, Kevin K Park, Liu Yang, Xin Wei, Qiang Yang, Kin-Sang Cho, Peter Thielen, Ann-Hwee Lee, Romain Cartoni, Laurie H Glimcher, Dong Feng Chen, Zhigang He","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":" ","pages":"3371"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11476474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeuronPub Date : 2024-10-09Epub Date: 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.017
Tara J Aitken, Zhengya Liu, Truong Ly, Sarah Shehata, Nilla Sivakumar, Naymalis La Santa Medina, Lindsay A Gray, Jingkun Zhang, Naz Dundar, Chris Barnes, Zachary A Knight
{"title":"Negative feedback control of hypothalamic feeding circuits by the taste of food.","authors":"Tara J Aitken, Zhengya Liu, Truong Ly, Sarah Shehata, Nilla Sivakumar, Naymalis La Santa Medina, Lindsay A Gray, Jingkun Zhang, Naz Dundar, Chris Barnes, Zachary A Knight","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.07.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rewarding taste of food is critical for motivating animals to eat, but whether taste has a parallel function in promoting meal termination is not well understood. Here, we show that hunger-promoting agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons are rapidly inhibited during each bout of ingestion by a signal linked to the taste of food. Blocking these transient dips in activity via closed-loop optogenetic stimulation increases food intake by selectively delaying the onset of satiety. We show that upstream leptin-receptor-expressing neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH<sup>LepR</sup>) are tuned to respond to sweet or fatty tastes and exhibit time-locked activation during feeding that is the mirror image of downstream AgRP cells. These findings reveal an unexpected role for taste in the negative feedback control of ingestion. They also reveal a mechanism by which AgRP neurons, which are the primary cells that drive hunger, are able to influence the moment-by-moment dynamics of food consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":" ","pages":"3354-3370.e5"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeuronPub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.015
Jennifer E Palmer, Niall Wilson, Sung Min Son, Pawel Obrocki, Lidia Wrobel, Matea Rob, Michael Takla, Viktor I Korolchuk, David C Rubinsztein
{"title":"Autophagy, aging, and age-related neurodegeneration.","authors":"Jennifer E Palmer, Niall Wilson, Sung Min Son, Pawel Obrocki, Lidia Wrobel, Matea Rob, Michael Takla, Viktor I Korolchuk, David C Rubinsztein","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autophagy is a conserved mechanism that degrades damaged or superfluous cellular contents and enables nutrient recycling under starvation conditions. Many neurodegeneration-associated proteins are autophagy substrates, and autophagy upregulation ameliorates disease in many animal models of neurodegeneration by enhancing the clearance of toxic proteins, proinflammatory molecules, and dysfunctional organelles. Autophagy inhibition also induces neuronal and glial senescence, a phenomenon that occurs with increasing age in non-diseased brains as well as in response to neurodegeneration-associated stresses. However, aging and many neurodegeneration-associated proteins and mutations impair autophagy. This creates a potentially detrimental feedback loop whereby the accumulation of these disease-associated proteins impairs their autophagic clearance, facilitating their further accumulation and aggregation. Thus, understanding how autophagy interacts with aging, senescence, and neurodegenerative diseases in a temporal, cellular, and genetic context is important for the future clinical application of autophagy-modulating therapies in aging and neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeuronPub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.017
Li-Feng Jiang-Xie, Antoine Drieu, Jonathan Kipnis
{"title":"Waste clearance shapes aging brain health.","authors":"Li-Feng Jiang-Xie, Antoine Drieu, Jonathan Kipnis","doi":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuron.2024.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain health is intimately connected to fluid flow dynamics that cleanse the brain of potentially harmful waste material. This system is regulated by vascular dynamics, the maintenance of perivascular spaces, neural activity during sleep, and lymphatic drainage in the meningeal layers. However, aging can impinge on each of these layers of regulation, leading to impaired brain cleansing and the emergence of various age-associated neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Understanding the intricacies of fluid flow regulation in the brain and how this becomes altered with age could reveal new targets and therapeutic strategies to tackle age-associated neurological decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":19313,"journal":{"name":"Neuron","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142471086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}