Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Rationale and design of a randomized placebo-controlled nutritional trial embracing a citizen science approach","authors":"Marieke van de Put ,&nbsp;Maartje van den Belt ,&nbsp;Nicole de Wit ,&nbsp;Remco Kort","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modulation of the gut microbiota through specific dietary interventions shows potential for maintenance and optimization of health. A dietary fiber diet and fermented foods diet appear to alter the gut microbiota, but evidence is limited. Therefore, we designed the Gut Health Enhancement by Eating Favorable Food study, a 21-week randomized controlled trial studying effects of dietary fibers and fermented foods on gut microbiota diversity and composition, while also stimulating dietary behavior changes through a citizen science (CS) approach. We hypothesized that a high-fermented food diet would increase microbial diversity, whereas a high-dietary fiber diet would stimulate the growth of specific fiber-degrading bacteria. The following elements of CS were adopted: education on the gut microbiota, tailored dietary intervention, remote data collection by participants, sharing of personal gut microbiota outcomes with participants, and vlogs by participants for dissemination of results. Here we describe the study protocol and report the flow of participants, baseline characteristics, and compliance rates. Completed in March 2024, the trial included 147 healthy adults randomized to a high-dietary fiber intervention, high-fermented food intervention, or control group. Each group received an additional study product after 2 weeks: dried chicory root, a fermented beverage, or maltodextrin (placebo). A 3-month follow-up assessed the participants’ ability to sustain dietary changes. The recruitment of participants was successful, reflected by 1448 applications. The compliance with the dietary guidelines and study products was &gt;90%. This study shows that including elements of CS in an randomized controlled trial is feasible and may help recruitment and compliance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Pages 96-110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141847701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-fat yogurt consumption maintains biomarkers of immune function relative to nondairy control food in women with elevated BMI: A randomized controlled crossover trial","authors":"Yu Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Andrea L. Noll ,&nbsp;David J. Lang ,&nbsp;Elizabeth M. Akfaly ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Liu ,&nbsp;Bradley W. Bolling","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Yogurt consumption may help reduce chronic inflammation associated with obesity. However, the underlying mechanism(s) by which yogurt consumption modulates the immune system have not been validated in human intervention studies. We hypothesized that 4-week yogurt consumption (12 oz/day) attenuates systemic inflammation by modulating the proportion of circulating T helper (Th) 17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells in adult women with elevated body mass index (BMI). To test the hypothesis, we conducted a randomized crossover dietary intervention study consisted of a 4-week dietary intervention in which participants consumed 12 oz of either low-fat dairy yogurt or a soy pudding control snack per day, with a 4-week washout between treatments. Thirty-nine healthy adult women with a BMI between 25 and 40 kg/m² were enrolled and 20 completed the study. Changes in the biometrics, circulating T cells, and markers of systemic and colonic inflammation were assessed between the 2 treatment groups, as well as 24-hour diet recalls were conducted at baseline and following each treatment. The primary study outcome, the change in the proportion of circulating Th17 cells, was unaffected by the treatments. Secondary outcome measures, circulating Treg, Th17, and markers of chronic inflammation, were maintained by yogurt treatment, whereas circulating Treg was increased and interleukin-10 was reduced by control snack treatment. However, circulating Treg changes were not associated with changes to other biomarkers of inflammation, implying other immune cells and/or tissues may mediate circulating biomarkers of chronic inflammation. This study was approved by the University of Wisconsin-Madison institutional review board and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04149418.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"129 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531724000964/pdfft?md5=770cb561b2f5d3870b8c90546edf77b3&pid=1-s2.0-S0271531724000964-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141776034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal supplementation of egg yolk modulates brain functional organization and functional outcomes of offspring","authors":"Stephanie Dubrof ,&nbsp;Jillien G. Zukaitis ,&nbsp;Ishfaque Ahmed ,&nbsp;Wenwu Sun ,&nbsp;Kelly M. Scheulin ,&nbsp;Xi Fang ,&nbsp;Julie Jeon ,&nbsp;Franklin D. West ,&nbsp;Qun Zhao ,&nbsp;Hea Jin Park","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal nutrition during the perinatal stage is critical to offspring brain development. Egg yolks are a balanced and nutrient-dense food that is rich in bioactive components crucial to optimal neurodevelopment early in life. Egg consumption is often recommended to pregnant women to enhance both maternal and fetal health. We hypothesized that maternal intake of egg yolk from late gestation and throughout lactation would enhance functional organization and cognitive developmental outcomes in offspring using a pig model. Sows were fed a control diet (<em>n</em> = 6) or a diet containing egg yolks (<em>n</em> = 5, 350 mg egg yolk powder/kg BW/day, equivalent to ∼3 eggs/day for humans) from late gestation through lactation. At weaning, piglet offspring (<em>n</em> = 2/sow, total <em>n</em> = 22) underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resting-state-functional MRI. Piglets underwent novel object recognition testing to assess hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. Functional MRI results demonstrated that egg yolk significantly increased functional activation in the executive network (p = 0.0343) and cerebellar network (p = 0.0253) in piglets when compared to control. Diffusion tensor imaging analysis showed that perinatal intake of egg yolks significantly increased white matter fiber length in the hippocampus (p = 0.0363) and cerebellum (p = 0.0287) in piglet offspring compared to control piglets. Furthermore, piglets from egg yolk-fed sows spent significantly more proportional frequency exploring the novel object than the familiar object in novel object recognition testing (p = 0.0370). The findings from this study support egg yolk-altered activation of specific brain networks may be associated with functional cognitive outcomes in weaning piglets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Pages 147-158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High prevalence of xerophthalmia linked to socio-demographic and nutritional factors among vitamin A-deficient rural primary schoolchildren in Malaysia","authors":"Katherine Boon Hwei Seng ,&nbsp;Pei Yee Tan ,&nbsp;Chuan Chun Lim ,&nbsp;Radhika Loganathan ,&nbsp;Yvonne Ai-Lian Lim ,&nbsp;Kim-Tiu Teng ,&nbsp;Kanga Rani Selvaduray ,&nbsp;Syahirah Nadiah Mohd Johari ,&nbsp;Norlina Mohd Ramli","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains a major health issue in developing nations, contributing to preventable childhood blindness. However, there is lack of recent data on xerophthalmia, especially among school-aged children in Malaysia. We hypothesized that xerophthalmia persists among rural schoolchildren in Malaysia and potentially associated with socio-demographic status and malnutrition. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 596 schoolchildren (8-12 years) from ten rural primary schools located in five states across Malaysia. Children meeting the criteria for xerophthalmia assessment included those diagnosed with vitamin A deficiency (VAD) (plasma retinol &lt; 0.70 µmol/L) and marginal VAD (plasma retinol 0.70 to &lt; 1.05 µmol/L). The overall prevalence of xerophthalmia was 48.8%, with the most common ocular sign being conjunctival xerosis (38.9%). The occurrence of xerophthalmia was negatively associated with retinol-binding protein 4 (RPB4) (<em>P</em>=0.003), alpha-carotene (<em>P</em>=0.04), hemoglobin (<em>P</em>=0.004), weight (<em>P</em>=0.02), body mass index (BMI) (<em>P</em>=0.04) and WAZ (weight-for-age z-score) (<em>P</em>=0.04) status. Based on multivariate logistic regression analysis, a higher risk of xerophthalmia was observed in boys (Adjusted odd ratio [AOR]: 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-2.5) and Orang Asli (OA, indigenous) schoolchildren (AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.3-3.0), while schoolchildren with overweight/obesity status (AOR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.8) were associated with a reduced risk of xerophthalmia. The present study unveils a high prevalence of xerophthalmia among vitamin A-deficient primary schoolchildren in rural areas of Malaysia, especially among the indigenous community. The identified socio-demographic and nutritional factors associated to xerophthalmia would facilitate the implementation of more targeted interventions in addressing these issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Pages 14-26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141785703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intact fruit intake is nonlinear inversely associated with visceral adipose tissue area in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Xi Gu ,&nbsp;Ping Gao ,&nbsp;Ying Shen ,&nbsp;Leiqun Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays a crucial role in leading to obesity-related diseases. However, the association between fruit intake (excluding fruit juice) and VAT is not well-known. We aim to further explore this association in a large population. We hypothesized that higher intact fruit intake would be inversely associated with VAT. A total of 9582 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Food Patterns Equivalents Database 2011-2018 were included. Weighted linear regression models were utilized to evaluate the association between intact fruit intake (from two 24-hour dietary recalls) and VAT area (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Subgroup analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the results. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to find the nonlinear association. The median of intact fruit intake was 0.32 cup-equivalent (eq)/d, and the mean of VAT was 104.87 ± 1.23 cm². Intact fruit intake (increased by 1 cup-eq/d) demonstrated an inverse association with VAT area across three adjusted models, with <em>β</em>(95% confidence interval) values of –7(–8.49, –5.51), –6(–7.50, –4.51), and –3.02(–4.11, –1.94) in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed no interactions were found among age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, and physical activity subgroups. Restricted cubic spline revealed the inverse association was more significant when intact fruit intake was less than 1.7 cups-eq/d. These findings suggest that increasing intact fruit consumption could be an effective public health strategy to mitigate VAT accumulation and associated health risks, advancing our understanding of dietary impacts on adiposity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"129 ","pages":"Pages 28-37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141697524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current understanding of free fatty acids and their receptors in colorectal cancer treatment","authors":"Agata Binienda,&nbsp;Jakub Fichna","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Currently, dietary factors are being emphasized in the pathogenesis of CRC. There is strong evidence that fatty acids (FAs) and free FA receptors (FFARs) are involved in CRC. This comprehensive review discusses the role of FAs and their receptors in CRC pathophysiology, development, and treatment. In particular, butyrate and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been found to exert anticancer properties by, among others, inhibiting proliferation and metastasis and inducing apoptosis in tumor cells. Consequently, they are used in conjunction with conventional therapies. Furthermore, <em>FFAR</em> gene expression is down-regulated in CRC, suggesting their suppressive character. Recent studies showed that the FFAR4 agonist, GW9508, can inhibit tumor growth. In conclusion, natural as well as synthetic FFAR ligands are considered promising candidates for CRC therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"127 ","pages":"Pages 133-143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531724000757/pdfft?md5=48796a3662ee199e27dbe148e3f50027&pid=1-s2.0-S0271531724000757-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary vitamin D3 supplementation enhances splenic NK cell activity in healthy and diabetic male mice","authors":"Minha Oh ,&nbsp;Sohee Jung ,&nbsp;Yoon-ah Kim ,&nbsp;Ga Young Lee ,&nbsp;Sung Nim Han","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus negatively affects the immune system, resulting in reduced natural killer (NK) cell activity. Vitamin D has been shown to regulate innate and adaptive immune cells. However, the effects of vitamin D on NK cells remain inconclusive, especially in the context of diabetes. We hypothesized that dietary vitamin D₃ supplementation can enhance NK cell activity in diabetic mice. Therefore, we investigated the effects of dietary vitamin D₃ on NK cell activity in control and diabetic mice and explored the mechanisms of NK cell activity modulation by vitamin D₃. Control (CON) and diabetic mice (db/db) were randomly divided into 2 groups, then fed either a control diet (948 IU vitamin D₃/kg diet, vDC) or a diet supplemented with vitamin D₃ (9,477 IU vitamin D₃/kg diet, vDS) for 8 weeks. Diabetic mice exhibited lower NK cell activity than control mice. The vDS group had significantly higher NK cell activity than the vDC group in both control and diabetic mice. The vDS group had a higher percentage of CD11b single-positive NK cells than the vDC group (CON-vDS 34%; db/db-vDS 30%; CON-vDC 27%; db/db-vDC 22%). The intracellular expression of splenic TGF-β was significantly higher in the db/db group than in the CON group. Overall, vDS group had higher <em>Bcl2</em> and <em>Tbx21</em> mRNA expressions than the vDC group. In conclusion, the present study shows that NK cell activity is impaired under diabetic conditions, possibly due to the reduced percentage of mature NK cells. Moreover, NK activity is enhanced by dietary supplementation in both control and diabetic mice that may be associated with changes in the proportion of mature NK cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"127 ","pages":"Pages 144-155"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141391059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00095-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00095-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"127 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531724000952/pdfft?md5=de4c3eeb253df3f55e2d723912e50701&pid=1-s2.0-S0271531724000952-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial office and Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00094-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(24)00094-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"127 ","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531724000940/pdfft?md5=a5514f0da90cba454aa2d29d3ca08331&pid=1-s2.0-S0271531724000940-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141960070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suboptimal diet quality is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged and older populations in China: evidence from a population-based cross-sectional study","authors":"Xiaojun Ma ,&nbsp;Pengfei Li ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Lu Liu ,&nbsp;Jingjing Xu ,&nbsp;Xixiang Wang ,&nbsp;Shaobo Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiuwen Ren ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Linhong Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2024.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The association between dietary quality and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on the Chinese Dietary Balance Index (DBI-16) is seldom reported. We hypothesized that poor dietary quality might increase the risk of T2DM in the middle-aged and older populations. A total of 1816 individuals (≥50 years) were included in the study. Demographic characteristics and dietary intake data were collected. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analyses were conducted to explore the association between DBI-16 indexes and the risk of T2DM. The insufficient intake of vegetables and dairy might decrease the risk of T2DM (<em>OR_Vegetable</em> = 0.77, <em>95% CI</em> = 0.60-0.97; <em>OR_Dairy</em> = 0.58, <em>95% CI</em> = 0.35-0.96), but the individuals with insufficient intake of fruit were more likely to have a higher risk of T2DM (<em>OR_fruit</em> = 2.26, <em>95% CI</em> = 1.69-3.06). Compared with the subjects with the lowest quartile of Low Bound Score (LBS) or Diet Quality Distance (DQD), the individuals with Q2 and Q3 level of LBS (<em>OR_Q2</em> = 1.40, <em>95% CI</em> = 1.03-1.90, <em>P</em> = .033; <em>OR_Q3 =</em> 1.52, <em>95% CI</em> = 1.11-2.08, <em>P</em> &lt; .01) or DQD (<em>OR_Q2</em> = 1.45, <em>95% CI</em> = 1.06-1.99, <em>P</em> = .021; <em>OR_Q3 =</em> 1.64, <em>95% CI</em> = 1.20-2.24, <em>P</em> &lt; .01) showed increased risk of T2DM with a nonlinear association observed by RCS analysis. We concluded that imbalanced dietary intake, especially insufficient daily fruit intake, might predict an increased risk of T2DM in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"127 ","pages":"Pages 123-132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141275320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}