Nutrition Research最新文献

{"title":"Dairy products consumption was positively associated with muscle strength in middle aged and older adults: findings from the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health study","authors":"Hongmei Wu ,&nbsp;Maoshi Chen ,&nbsp;Xuena Wang ,&nbsp;Chang Qi ,&nbsp;Yeqing Gu ,&nbsp;Ge Meng ,&nbsp;Qing Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Liu ,&nbsp;Xing Wang ,&nbsp;Shaomei Sun ,&nbsp;Qiyu Jia ,&nbsp;Kun Song ,&nbsp;Jian Huang ,&nbsp;Junsheng Huo ,&nbsp;Bing Zhang ,&nbsp;Gangqiang Ding ,&nbsp;Kaijun Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dairy products are dense in nutrients, particularly rich in high-quality protein, which may be myoprotective. We hypothesized that higher dairy consumption was positively associated with handgrip strength. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Tianjin Chronic Low-grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) study. A total of 15,011 middle aged and older adults were included. Dairy products were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer. The association between total dairy consumption (milk, low-fat milk, and yogurt) and 3 subtypes of dairy consumption and handgrip strength was analyzed using covariance analysis. After adjustment for multiple confounders, the least square means (95% confidence intervals) for handgrip strength across total dairy consumption categories (&lt;1 time/week, 1-3 times/week, 3-6 times/week, and ≥1 time/day) were 42.0 (41.7, 42.2) kg, 42.7 (42.5, 42.9) kg, 42.7 (42.3, 43.1) kg, and 43.1 (42.8, 43.4) kg in men (<em>P</em> for trend &lt; .01), and similar results were also observed in women. In addition, such positive associations were robust in sensitivity and subgroups analyses. However, no significant association between low-fat milk consumption and handgrip strength was found. In conclusion, our study found that higher total dairy, milk, and yogurt consumption were positively associated with handgrip strength. Further researches are needed to explore the effects of various dairy types on muscle health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 130-138"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GenAI in nutritional sciences (GAINS): A systematic review and reporting framework for future research","authors":"Bettina Hieronimus ,&nbsp;Maria-Laura Lopez-Aguirre ,&nbsp;Marc Birringer ,&nbsp;Maren Podszun","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing integration of large language model (LLM)-powered chatbots in healthcare has raised interest in their potential to provide nutritional advice. This pre-registered systematic review (CRD42025619448) aimed to synthesize current evidence on the quality of nutritional advice provided by LLM-powered chatbots. We focused on advice related to metabolic diseases, food allergies or intolerances, nutrient intake, and nutrition during pregnancy or lactation. Out of 2469 records found through an extensive search, 13 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. We conducted standardized data extraction and quality evaluations. While the chatbots in the included studies demonstrate potential as tools for nutrition advice, caution is necessary as they tend to be less effective with complex cases and may occasionally produce incorrect responses. Synthesis of the included studies revealed substantial methodological heterogeneity, particularly in evaluation criteria and study design, which precluded meaningful cross-study comparisons. Key limitations included the frequent use of subjective or poorly defined assessment measures as well as a lack of reproducibility testing. Despite these issues, all but 1 study agreed that while LLM-powered chatbots show potential for supporting nutritional advice, they are not yet ready for unsupervised use. In response to the methodological gaps identified, we propose a reporting guideline for the use of Generative AI in Nutritional Sciences (GAINS) to promote greater rigor, transparency, and comparability in future studies evaluating chatbot-generated nutritional advice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 66-77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-fat diet-induced obesity alters the dose-dependent metabolism of (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in mice","authors":"Soomee Hwang ,&nbsp;Imhoi Koo ,&nbsp;Andrew D. Patterson ,&nbsp;Joshua D. Lambert","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and liver diseases. Green tea-based dietary supplements have gained popularity for weight management. However, human and animal model studies have reported that high oral bolus doses of (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin in green tea, can cause hepatotoxicity. Obesity can affect the biotransformation enzyme systems, but the effect of obesity on EGCG metabolite profile has not been determined. We hypothesized that pre-existing obesity would cause a shift in the biotransformation of EGCG and enhance the production of oxidative metabolites at higher EGCG doses. To test this hypothesis, we used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics to compare the urinary EGCG metabolite profile following administration of vehicle (0.9% sodium chloride) or EGCG (100 or 750 mg/kg) to obese or age-matched lean, male C57BL6/J mice. We found that differences in EGCG metabolism between treatment groups were primarily driven by glucuronidated and oxidation metabolites of EGCG. Significantly higher relative concentrations of cysteinyl EGCG in obese mice compared to lean mice suggest that obesity altered EGCG biotransformation in a manner that may enhance susceptibility to hepatotoxicity. These findings highlight the need for additional research on the mechanisms of EGCG-induced hepatotoxicity across body condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 16-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher dietary inflammatory index is associated with reduced lung function in non-COPD adults: A cross-sectional study of NHANES 2007-2012","authors":"Xuefeng Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Youmei Wang ,&nbsp;Meiling Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The association between lung function and dietary inflammatory index (DII) in non-chronic obstructive pulmonary (non-COPD) population is currently unknown. We hypothesized that higher DII is associated with lower lung function measures, particularly forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC). Data from 7990 NHANES (2007-2012) participants (48.5% men, 51.5% women; mean BMI 29.1±6.6 kg/m²) were analyzed. The DII scores were calculated from 24-hour dietary recall and divided into tertiles. After adjusting for confounders, multivariable linear regression analysis revealed that each unit increase in DII score was associated with a 23.16 mL reduction in FEV1 and a 34.95 mL reduction in FVC (<em>p</em> &lt; .001). When DII was analyzed as a categorical variable, participants in the higher tertiles (T2 and T3) had significantly lower FVC and FEV1 compared with those in the lowest tertile (T1) (<em>p</em> &lt; .001). Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a linear association between DII and lung function parameters (FEV1 and FVC), with the <em>P</em>-value for nonlinearity &gt; .05. In our study, subgroup analyses revealed weaker associations between DII and lung function in obese individuals. Specifically, FEV1 was reduced by 14.17 mL (significant interaction, <em>P</em> = .015), and FVC was reduced by 24.51 mL (interaction approaching significance, <em>P</em> = .056). In conclusion, pro-inflammatory diets (higher DII) negatively affect lung function in middle-aged non-COPD populations, with weaker associations in obese individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 78-88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic inflammation mediates the association between docosahexaenoic acid/docosapentaenoic acid ratio and the risk of periodontitis","authors":"Yunqiang Yang ,&nbsp;Minyang Ge ,&nbsp;Zhouqing Yu ,&nbsp;Fan Mao ,&nbsp;Chun Xie ,&nbsp;Chuncheng Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA_ω6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are ω6 and ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), but their association with periodontitis is controversial. We hypothesize that a novel ratio incorporating these 2 PUFAs could provide a more reliable indicator of the relationship between serum PUFAs and the risk of periodontitis. To test this hypothesis, we examined the association between the DHA-to-DPA_ω6 ratio and the risk of periodontitis and explored the potential mechanism in human subjects. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the relationship between the DHA-to-DPA_ω6 ratio and periodontitis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to determine whether the association was linear or nonlinear, and mediation analyses were performed to identify the mediators of the association. Periodontitis was diagnosed in 1444 of 2937 participants. Unlike DHA or DPA_ω6 individually, the DHA-to-DPA_ω6 ratio was significantly associated with periodontitis risk (odds ratio: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98–0.99; <em>P</em> = .03) and disease severity. This association was mediated by systemic inflammation (β = –0.004; 95% CI, –0.007 to –0.002; <em>P</em> &lt; .001), rather than by oxidative stress, immunomodulation, or metabolic regulation. This novel omega-3-to-omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio provides clinicians with a polyunsaturated fatty acid–based tool with which to evaluate the risk of periodontitis. It is therefore recommended that DHA intake be increased and DPA intake decreased to reduce the risk of the disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 44-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145308664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Higher dietary ketogenic ratio is associated with accelerated biological aging among US adults: analysis from NHANES 2005-2018","authors":"Xinyi Zheng ,&nbsp;Hongyang Gong ,&nbsp;Ruimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Junqian Wang ,&nbsp;Guangyan Cai ,&nbsp;Xiangmei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ketogenic diet (KD) is widely prescribed for weight management in obese individuals, yet their potential impact on biological aging remains unclear. Using cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2018) to test the hypothesis that KD may accelerate biological aging, biological aging was assessed through 4 indices: biological age acceleration (BioAgeAccel), phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel), homeostatic dysregulation (HD) and serum Klotho concentrations. Weighted multivariable linear regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of KD on biological aging. Subgroup and interaction analyses were performed to assess the consistency of these associations across populations. Among the 22,026 included adults, fully adjusted models revealed that each 1-unit increase in dietary ketogenic ratio (DKR) corresponded to a 5.65-year increase in BioAgeAccel (<em>P &lt; .</em>001), a 0.88-year increase in PhenoAgeAccel (<em>P &lt; .</em>05), and a 67.67 pg/mL decrease in Klotho concentrations (<em>P &lt; .</em>05). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) revealed a linear positive association between BioAgeAccel and DKR (<em>P</em> for overall &lt; .001, <em>P</em> for nonlinear = .257), a positive association with potential nonlinearity between PhenoAgeAccel and DKR (<em>P</em> for overall = .001, <em>P</em> for nonlinear = .089, Inflection point = .371), a positive association with nonlinearity (<em>P</em> for overall = .016, <em>P</em> for overall = .002, Inflection point = .371) between HD and DKR, and a negative association with a nonlinear trend (<em>P</em> for overall = .002, <em>P</em> for nonlinear = .053, Inflection point = .374) between Klotho and DKR. Subgroup and interaction analyses confirmed the consistency of these associations across populations. Higher DKR values are positively correlated with accelerated biological aging, particularly when DKR exceeds 0.371. This is the first population-based study to demonstrate this association.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 56-65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spirulina liquid extract regulates gene expression related to glucose and lipid metabolisms of soleus muscle during exercise training in young male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet","authors":"Jordi Vignaud ,&nbsp;Céline Loiseau ,&nbsp;Martine Côme ,&nbsp;Josiane Hérault ,&nbsp;Claire Mayer ,&nbsp;Olivier Lépine ,&nbsp;Lionel Ulmann","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic disorders induced by high-fat diets (HFD) contribute to obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. While <em>Spirulina</em> liquid extract (SLE) has shown promise in improving lipid accumulation and insulin resistance, in vivo evidence remains limited, particularly in combination with exercise. Muscle activity is a key regulator of metabolism, but the potential combined effect of SLE and physical training under HFD conditions has not been established. In this study, young male rats were fed an HFD (60% energy from lipids) and assigned to four groups: HFD with 10% fructose (HF_f), HF_f with SLE (HF_fSP), HF_f with exercise (HF_fT), and HF_f with both interventions (HF_fSPT). Bodyweight, lipid profiles, glycemia regulation, and gene expression in soleus muscle (SOL) of lipid and glucose metabolism were assessed. SLE reduced fasting glycemia compared to the HF_f group (1.19-fold) and upregulated Gys1 (1.78-fold) and CPT1A expression (4.13-fold) in SOL. Training improved glucose tolerance, as reflected by reduced area under the curve (<em>P</em> = .01), and upregulated PGC1⍺ and CPT1A expression. The combined intervention (HF_fSPT) decreased bodyweight, increased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (1.62-fold), reduced the atherogenic index of plasma (1.39-fold). During training conditions, PGC1⍺ expression was downregulated by SLE (3.03-fold), suggesting a possible interference with exercise-induced muscle adaptation. p38 MAPK, elevated by HFD, was downregulated by SLE, exercise, and their combination (3.20-, 5.14-, and 2.72-fold, respectively). Overall, these findings support the potential of SLE as a complementary strategy to exercise in attenuating HFD-induced metabolic dysfunctions, while also raising concerns about possible interference with training adaptations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David Kritchevsky Graduate Student Award for Nutrition Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00139-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00139-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Page iii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ellagic acid as a potential therapeutic agent in metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of glycemic control markers and kidney function tests in animal and clinical studies","authors":"Kornvipa Settakorn ,&nbsp;Ratchanon Inpan ,&nbsp;Mingkwan Na Takuathung ,&nbsp;Nut Koonrungsesomboon","doi":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutres.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic syndrome comprises a cluster of abnormal metabolic markers, including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, and dyslipidemia, that increase the risk of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and associated complications. Prolonged hyperglycemia results in microvascular complications such as nephropathy, while other abnormal metabolic markers contribute to progressive kidney dysfunction. Ellagic acid (EA) exhibits antihyperglycemia and nephroprotective effects. This study evaluated the effects of EA on glycemic control markers and kidney function tests in animal and human models with abnormal metabolic markers and preobesity. Comprehensive searches were conducted in Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Data were synthesized using meta-analysis, and risk of bias was assessed using SYRCLE’s tool for animal studies and the Risk of Bias 2 tool for human studies. The certainty of evidence in human studies was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Meta-analysis revealed that EA significantly reduced blood glucose concentration (standardized mean differences = –4.03; 95% confidence intervals = –5.02 to –3.04; <em>P</em> &lt; .0001) and improved insulin resistance by lowering homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (standardized mean differences = –2.48, 95% confidence intervals =–3.21 to –1.76, <em>P</em> &lt; .0001) in animal studies. However, EA did not significantly affect glucose concentration, insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance in human studies. EA significantly decreased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in animal studies. Overall, findings from animal studies suggest that EA may have therapeutic potential for improving glycemic control and mitigating kidney complications in metabolic syndrome. However, the absence of significant effects in humans highlights the need for high-quality clinical trials to determine its translational potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages 89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial office and Board Members","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00138-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0271-5317(25)00138-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19245,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research","volume":"143 ","pages":"Pages i-ii"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}