Neuropsychobiology最新文献

{"title":"Precise Discrimination for Multiple Etiologies of Dementia Cases Based on Deep Learning with Electroencephalography.","authors":"Masahiro Hata,&nbsp;Yusuke Watanabe,&nbsp;Takumi Tanaka,&nbsp;Kimihisa Awata,&nbsp;Yuki Miyazaki,&nbsp;Ryohei Fukuma,&nbsp;Daiki Taomoto,&nbsp;Yuto Satake,&nbsp;Takashi Suehiro,&nbsp;Hideki Kanemoto,&nbsp;Kenji Yoshiyama,&nbsp;Masao Iwase,&nbsp;Shunichiro Ikeda,&nbsp;Keiichiro Nishida,&nbsp;Yoshiteru Takekita,&nbsp;Masafumi Yoshimura,&nbsp;Ryouhei Ishii,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kazui,&nbsp;Tatsuya Harada,&nbsp;Haruhiko Kishima,&nbsp;Manabu Ikeda,&nbsp;Takufumi Yanagisawa","doi":"10.1159/000528439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is critical to develop accurate and universally available biomarkers for dementia diseases to appropriately deal with the dementia problems under world-wide rapid increasing of patients with dementia. In this sense, electroencephalography (EEG) has been utilized as a promising examination to screen and assist in diagnosing dementia, with advantages of sensitiveness to neural functions, inexpensiveness, and high availability. Moreover, the algorithm-based deep learning can expand EEG applicability, yielding accurate and automatic classification easily applied even in general hospitals without any research specialist.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized a novel deep neural network, with which high accuracy of discrimination was archived in neurological disorders in the previous study. Based on this network, we analyzed EEG data of healthy volunteers (HVs, N = 55), patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD, N = 101), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB, N = 75), and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH, N = 60) to evaluate the discriminative accuracy of these diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High discriminative accuracies were archived between HV and patients with dementia, yielding 81.7% (vs. AD), 93.9% (vs. DLB), 93.1% (vs. iNPH), and 87.7% (vs. AD, DLB, and iNPH).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that the EEG data of patients with dementia were successfully discriminated from HVs based on a novel deep learning algorithm, which could be useful for automatic screening and assisting diagnosis of dementia diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"82 2","pages":"81-90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9245233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fingernail Cortisol: A Biological Signal of Lifetime Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Sarah Schumacher,&nbsp;Sebastian Laufer,&nbsp;Susanne Fischer","doi":"10.1159/000531315","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000531315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Elevated levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormone cortisol are a frequently replicated finding in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the current state of research is inconclusive as to whether hypercortisolism represents a trait- or state-like biological signal of MDD. The aim of the present study was to investigate, for the first time, whether cortisol in fingernails, a highly accessible tissue, could distinguish currently remitted individuals with MDD from healthy controls. A further aim was to identify potential confounders of nail cortisol.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of N = 100 individuals from the general population were recruited. A structured clinical interview was administered, which resulted in two groups: n = 48 with lifetime MDD and n = 52 healthy controls. All participants answered questions on sociodemographic, lifestyle, and psychosocial characteristics. They also grew their nails for 14 days and cut them for the subsequent determination of cortisol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The groups differed in their nail cortisol concentrations, such that the individuals with lifetime MDD had significantly higher concentrations than the healthy controls (p = 0.041). Within the group of individuals with lifetime MDD, the number of experienced episodes was significantly correlated with cortisol (p = 0.011). Income emerged as the only significant confounder of cortisol (p = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated fingernail cortisol appears to be a biological signal of MDD, even in the absence of a current major depressive episode. Its high accessibility and robustness render it a promising methodology for remote research as well as for the integration of biomarkers into clinical research and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"82 5","pages":"300-305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10614476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41129985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired Decision-Making and Skin Conductance Responses Are Associated with Reward and Punishment Sensitivity in Individuals with Severe Alcohol Use Disorder.","authors":"Warren B Logge,&nbsp;Kirsten C Morley,&nbsp;Paul S Haber,&nbsp;Andrew J Baillie","doi":"10.1159/000529156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) have difficulties regulating alcohol consumption, despite adverse drinking-related consequences. This may be due to incapacity incorporating previous negative feedback from drinking, resulting in impaired decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed whether decision-making is impaired in participants with AUD related to severity of AUD, indexed by severe negative drinking consequences using the Drinkers Inventory of Consequences (DrInC) and reward and punishment sensitivity with the Behavioural Inhibition System Behavioural Activation System (BIS BAS) scales. 36 treatment-seeking alcohol-dependent participants completed the Iowa gambling task (IGT) with skin conductance responses (SCRs) measured continuously as an index of somatic autonomic arousal to evaluate impaired expectancy of negative outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-thirds of the sample showed behavioural impairment during the IGT, with greater AUD severity related to worse performance. BIS moderated IGT performance according to severity of AUD, with increased anticipatory SCRs for those with fewer reported DrInC severe consequences. Participants with more DrInC severe consequences showed IGT deficits and reduced SCRs regardless of BIS scores. BAS-Reward was associated with increased anticipatory SCRs to disadvantageous deck choices among those with lower AUD severity, while SCRs did not differ related to AUD severity for reward outcomes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Effective decision-making in the IGT and adaptive somatic responses were moderated by punishment sensitivity contingent on severity of AUD in these drinkers, with impairments in expectancy to negative outcomes from risky choices, including reduced somatic responses, resulting in poor decision-making processes that may help explain impaired drinking and worse drinking-related consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"82 2","pages":"117-129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10233679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9935596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Correlates of Lifetime Voice-Hearing in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Katharina M Kubera,&nbsp;Mike M Schmitgen,&nbsp;Viviane Hildebrandt,&nbsp;Corinne Neukel,&nbsp;Marie-Luise Otte,&nbsp;Maurizio Sicorello,&nbsp;Sylvia Steinmann,&nbsp;Sabine C Herpertz,&nbsp;Robert Christian Wolf","doi":"10.1159/000528039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are transdiagnostic phenomena that can occur in several mental disorders, including borderline personality disorder (BPD). Despite the transdiagnostic relevance of these symptoms, very little is known about neural signatures of AVH in BPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used structural magnetic resonance imaging to investigate multiple markers of brain morphology in BPD patients presenting with a lifetime history of AVH (AVH, n = 6) versus BPD patients without AVH (nAVH, n = 10) and healthy controls (HC, n = 12). The Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12) was used for surface-based morphometric analyses that considered cortical thickness (CTh), gyrification (CG), and complexity of cortical folding (CCF). Factorial models were used to explore differences between AVH patients and HC, as well as between the patient groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to HC, AVH patients showed distinct abnormalities in key regions of the language network, i.e., aberrant CTh and CG in right superior temporal gyrus and abnormal CCF in left inferior frontal gyrus. Further abnormalities were found in right prefrontal cortex (CTh) and left orbitofrontal cortex (CCF). Compared to nAVH patients, individuals with AVH showed abnormal CTh in right prefrontal cortex, along with CCF differences in right transverse temporal, superior parietal, and parahippocampal gyri. CG differences between the patient groups were found in left orbitofrontal cortex.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data suggest a transdiagnostic neural signature of voice-hearing that converges on key regions involved in speech generation and perception, memory and executive control. It is possible that cortical features of distinct evolutionary and genetic origin, i.e., CTh and CG/CCF, differently contribute to AVH vulnerability in BPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"82 2","pages":"72-80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9245883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Electroencephalographic Correlates and Cognitive Performance for Acute Exercise-Induced Modulation.","authors":"Róger Marcelo Martínez,&nbsp;Chenyi Chen,&nbsp;Yang-Teng Fan,&nbsp;Hui-Hua Wu,&nbsp;Pin-Shiuan Du,&nbsp;Guan-Ya Chen,&nbsp;Yu-Chun Chen","doi":"10.1159/000529307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000529307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although abundant research delving into the acute exercise-induced modulation of cognitive performance and the P300-ERP component has been conducted, there is a lack of consensus regarding whether or not this type of intervention has a beneficial effect on cognition and how it relates to the P300-ERP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To examine the possible sources of this discrepancy, we conducted a meta-analysis of ERP results together with cognitive performance that were systemically stratified by relevant demographic and methodological moderators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicate that while acute exercise exerted an overall stable effect on cognitive improvement, associated with enlarged P300 amplitudes, the effect size varied across factors of age, biological sex, exercise intensity, exercise type, control type, and experimental design. Future research taking into consideration modulating factors as to avoid misestimating the beneficial effects of acute exercise are encouraged.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All in all, and to our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis quantitatively summarizing the relevant literature on the associations between P300-ERP correlates, acute exercise, and its positive influence on attention and cognitive performance in healthy individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"82 3","pages":"131-149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9943731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning in the Identification of Electroencephalogram Sources Associated with Sexual Orientation.","authors":"Anastasios Ziogas,&nbsp;Andreas Mokros,&nbsp;Wolfram Kawohl,&nbsp;Mateo de Bardeci,&nbsp;Ilyas Olbrich,&nbsp;Benedikt Habermeyer,&nbsp;Elmar Habermeyer,&nbsp;Sebastian Olbrich","doi":"10.1159/000530931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000530931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>It is unclear if sexual orientation is a biological trait that has neurofunctional footprints. With deep learning, the power to classify biological datasets without an a priori selection of features has increased by magnitudes. The aim of this study was to correctly classify resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) data from males with different sexual orientation using deep learning and to explore techniques to identify the learned distinguishing features.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three cohorts (homosexual men, heterosexual men, and a mixed sex cohort), one pretrained network on sex classification, and one newly trained network for sexual orientation classification were used to classify sex. Further, Grad-CAM methodology and source localization were used to identify the spatiotemporal patterns that were used for differentiation by the networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a pretrained network for classification of males and females, no differences existed between classification of homosexual and heterosexual males. The newly trained network was able, however, to correctly classify the cohorts with a total accuracy of 83%. The retrograde activation using Grad-CAM technology yielded distinctive functional EEG patterns in the Brodmann area 40 and 1 when combined with Fourier analysis and a source localization.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study shows that electrophysiological trait markers of male sexual orientation can be identified using deep learning. These patterns are different from the differentiating signatures of males and females in a resting-state EEG.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"82 4","pages":"234-245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10645442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Resistance in Schizophrenia Is Associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Gut Microbiota: A Genetic Correlation and Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Bolun Cheng,&nbsp;Shiqiang Cheng,&nbsp;Chun'e Li,&nbsp;Wenming Wei,&nbsp;Li Liu,&nbsp;Peilin Meng,&nbsp;Xuena Yang,&nbsp;Yumeng Jia,&nbsp;Yan Wen,&nbsp;Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1159/000528316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Observational studies highlight associations of common diseases with individual schizophrenia symptoms. However, it is unclear whether these diseases are associated with individual treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). We aimed to explore the genetic associations between common immune diseases, metabolic diseases, psychiatric disorders, gut microbiota and TRS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of European participants (n = ∼456,327) included TRS, 11 psychiatric disorders, 23 immune and metabolic diseases, body mass index, height, and 211 gut microbiota. In this genetic correlation and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression was applied to infer genetic correlation estimates. Two-sample MR tested potential causal associations of genetic variants associated with common immune diseases, metabolic diseases, psychiatric disorders, and gut microbiota with TRS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LDSC revealed candidate associations between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, intestinal infectious diseases, obesity and TRS (genetic correlation range, 0.230-0.702; p < 0.05). Two-sample MR analyses suggested that ADHD was positively associated with TRS (estimate [SE] = 0.204 [0.073], p = 0.005), a finding that remained stable across statistical models. Besides, schizophrenia and genus Barnesiella levels were causally associated with TRS but not consistent across MR approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports genetic correlations between ADHD, schizophrenia, intestinal infectious diseases, obesity and TRS. The study also found that genus Barnesiella was associated with TRS. These findings may have clinical implications, highlighting the possible strategy for TRS prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"82 1","pages":"24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9227166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulatory Effects of Ketamine and Lamotrigine on Cognition: Emotion Interaction in the Brain.","authors":"Matti Gärtner,&nbsp;Anne Weigand,&nbsp;Christian Keicher,&nbsp;Marvin Sören Meiering,&nbsp;David Weigner,&nbsp;Luisa Carstens,&nbsp;Rita Hertrampf,&nbsp;Christian Beckmann,&nbsp;Maarten Mennes,&nbsp;Andreas Wunder,&nbsp;Simone Grimm","doi":"10.1159/000528315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cognition and emotion are fundamentally integrated in the brain and mutually contribute to behavior. The relation between working memory (WM) and emotion is particularly suited to investigate cognition-emotion interaction since WM is an essential component of many higher cognitive functions. Ketamine affects not only WM but also has a profound impact on emotional processing. Effects of acute ketamine challenge are sensitive to modulation by pretreatment with lamotrigine, which inhibits glutamate release. Accordingly, a combination of these approaches should be particularly suited to investigate cognition-emotion interaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy five healthy subjects were investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, single-dose, parallel-group study with three treatment conditions. All subjects underwent two scanning sessions (acute/post 24 h).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to placebo, acute ketamine administration induced significant dissociative, psychotomimetic, and cognitive effects, as well as an increase in neural activity during WM for positive stimuli. Inhibition of glutamate release by pretreatment with lamotrigine did not influence ketamine's subjective effects, but significantly attenuated its impact on emotional WM and associated neural activity. There was no effect on these measures 24 h after ketamine administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrate differential acute effects of modulated glutamate release and a swift restoration of disturbed neurobehavioral homeostasis in healthy subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"82 2","pages":"91-103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9238969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgement to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000528491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528491","url":null,"abstract":"<br />Neuropsychobiology 2022;81:550","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138507957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prelims","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000528194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000528194","url":null,"abstract":"<br />Neuropsychobiology 2022;81:333–336","PeriodicalId":19239,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychobiology","volume":"63 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138507949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}