Nordic Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Bipolar-ADHD comorbidity: screening for differences in neurocognition and virtual reality-based cognitive performance.","authors":"Andreas E Jespersen, Zacharias Obel, Anders Lumbye, Lars V Kessing, Kamilla W Miskowiak","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2309496","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2309496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Identification of comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) is complicated by overlapping cognitive symptoms and methodological challenges. This cross-sectional study investigated whether virtual reality (VR)-based cognitive assessment that mimics daily life cognitive challenges can aid in the detection of sustained attention impairment in BD individuals with comorbid ADHD (BD + ADHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-nine fully or partially remitted outpatients with BD, of whom 14 (24%) had BD + ADHD, were assessed with the Cognition Assessment in Virtual Reality (CAVIR) test, including a sustained attention test that involves distractions, and the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP). Patients were also rated for mood symptoms and functioning and completed questionnaires assessing subjective cognition and quality of life. Patients' cognitive impairment on the SCIP was estimated with reference to <i>n</i> = 100 demographically comparable healthy control participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BD + ADHD participants exhibited more pronounced performance deficits on the CAVIR sustained attention test (<i>t</i>(48) = 2.15, <i>p</i> = .037, <i>d</i> = .66). Notably, deficits on this test were proportional to self-reported daily life concentration difficulties in BD + ADHD individuals. Exploratory analyses revealed that BD + ADHD participants also displayed greater impairment on the SCIP working memory- and delayed verbal learning subtests and greater subjective cognitive complaints than BD patients without this comorbidity (p-levels <u><</u> .001), but only the difference in subjective cognition survived correction for multiple comparisons (<i>F</i>(1,47) = 14.13, <i>p</i> = .005, <i>np2</i> = 0.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Screening for deficits in sustained attention with an ecologically valid VR test involving distracting stimuli may be useful for identifying BD + ADHD individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"238-246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139642640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"For better or for worse? Memories and mental health related to COVID-19 lockdowns in adolescents with Attention Deficit Disorders.","authors":"Tirill F Hjuler, Charlotte U Rask, Karen H Kallesøe","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2313563","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2313563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders (ADHD, ICD-10 defined) we examined self-reported well-being, depressive symptoms and autobiographical memories from the first COVID-19 lockdown in Denmark in comparison to adolescents without an ADHD diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 16 adolescents with ADHD and 16 non-ADHD age and gender matched controls were collected between September 2020 and April 2021. Questionnaires included the World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5), the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ), and an autobiographical memory survey assessing a lockdown memory, a memory not related to lockdown and a future projection. Mixed design ANOVAs were used to compare within subject differences in memory types across groups and independent sample t-tests were used to compare group differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three adolescents with ADHD scored below the WHO-5 cut-off (< 50) and above the SMFQ cut-off (> 8) indicating risk of depression, compared to two in the control group. Both groups rated lockdown memories as less positive and more negative and reported feeling more sad and worried when reminiscing about lockdown experiences compared to 'other personal memories' and 'future projections'. Compared to the non-ADHD controls, adolescents with ADHD reported more sadness, <i>t</i>(30) = -0.2.45, <i>p</i> < .05 and worries <i>t</i>(30) = -3.84, <i>p</i> < .001 when reminiscing about the lockdown.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Even though there were no striking differences between groups in the assessments on risk of depression, the findings suggest that adolescents diagnosed with ADHD were more negatively affected when recalling memories about the lockdown compared to their peers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"255-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139898161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in pain during a depressive episode and relationship to cytokine levels in major depressive disorder.","authors":"Johan Dahl, Heidi Ormstad, Hans Christian D Aass, Ulrik Fredrik Malt, Ole A Andreassen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2290654","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2290654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depressed patients have an increased incidence of pain. A pathophysiological connection between depression and pain is still not revealed. Immunological activation has been found in both depression and pain. There are few studies of pain and immune activation in patients with depression, without inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a naturalistic follow-up study of 50 patients with a major depressive disorder (MDD) depressive episode, without any inflammatory or autoimmune conditions. We have previously reported on the relationship between depression and cytokine levels. In this study, we obtained data of depression, pain and cytokine levels before and after 12 weeks of depression treatment. All patients were medication-free at inclusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At inclusion three out of four patients experienced pain, and the pain scores correlated with the depression scores. After treatment, as depression was relieved, the pain scores dropped significantly and were no longer correlated to the depression scores. There were no correlations between pain scores and cytokine levels. Pain level at inclusion did not correlate with depression treatment outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that pain is a feature of depression. Pain levels and cytokine values didn't correlate. Pain at inclusion did not predict depression treatment outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"181-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139513461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Video consultation and treatment in the community smoking cessation therapy success rates in patients with mental illness: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Didde Marie Kaasgaard, Mette Knudsgaard Sørensen, Rikke Bleeg Christiansen, Uffe Nymark Breum, Nestor Asiamah, Lone Bülow Toft Friis, Peter Hjorth","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2318305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2024.2318305","url":null,"abstract":"Smoking is the single factor with the highest impact on reducing life expectancy of patients with mental illness. Patients experience difficulty in participating in smoking cessation programs but a...","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139928382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2258044","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2258044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10266120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional analysis of depressive symptom profiles and serum C-reactive protein levels: data from the Northern Finland 1966 birth cohort.","authors":"Pauli Moilanen, Timo Liukkonen, Jari Jokelainen, Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Katri Puukka, Markku Timonen, Juha Auvinen, Pasi Eskola","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2274341","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2274341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Individuals with depression exhibit significantly higher levels of systemic inflammation than those without depression, particularly among those with atypical depression. However, this association has been less convincing at the population level among individuals without a formal depression diagnosis but with suggestive symptoms. Our aim was to clarify this association.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a large birth cohort sample of the Finnish general population, we examined the cross-sectional association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in venous blood samples and atypical/non-atypical depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory-II to screen 5443 middle-aged participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As expected, depressive symptoms associated to elevated hsCRP-levels compared to non-depressed. Participants with the atypical subtype of depressive symptoms (<i>n</i> = 84) had an odds ratio (OR) of 2.59 (95% CI 1.40-4.81) for elevated hsCRP levels compared to the non-depressed group. Similarly, our findings indicate that participants with non-atypical symptoms (<i>n</i> = 440) also showed an OR of 1.42 (95% CI 1.05-1.92) when compared to the non-depressed group (<i>n</i> = 4919).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results provide additional support for previous research linking depression and inflammation and add to the field with a unique and sizeable study population. Furthermore, the current results support the notion that different types of depressive symptoms may be associated with inflammatory markers in slightly different ways.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"95-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71413306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a prospective cohort of patients admitted to an acute psychiatric ward in Norway during the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Rune A Kroken, Lena A Stabell, Harleen M S Grewal, Elling Ulvestad, Andreas Johan Landsnes, Erik Johnsen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2276220","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2276220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread around the world during the first part of 2020. The purpose of the study was to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients acutely admitted to the Psychiatric Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Serum tests to assess for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 were administered at admission to the clinic together with a questionnaire on symptoms and demographical information. Further information was obtained from the medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cumulative seroprevalence in the 266 participants was 0.75%, the cumulative reported cases in the Norwegian general population was 0.61% at the end of the inclusion period of the study. Twenty-five percent of participants had risk factors for a serious course of COVID-19. There was a low prevalence of cohabitation and only 20% had their main income derived from ordinary salaries (not welfare).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a sample of patients acutely admitted to the Psychiatric Clinic, Haukeland University Hospital, was comparable to reported cases in the general population. A possible link to governmental and municipal restrictions, general low workplace participation and cohabitation is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"103-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138461254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multifaceted approach to assessment of mentalization: the mentalization profile in patients with eating disorders.","authors":"Gry Kjaersdam Telléus, Caroline Bach Simonsen, Anne Gade Jakobsen, Martin Kamp Dalgaard, Sofie Martine Rasmussen, Kristine Kahr Nilsson","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2291177","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2291177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>: The existing literature, however sparse, suggests an association between eating disorders (ED) and mentalization ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the mentalization profile (MP) in patients with ED. It was hypothesized that patients with ED would have a lower degree of mentalization ability compared to healthy controls (HC).<b>Materials and methods</b>: The study is based on a cross-sectional survey on a sample of patients diagnosed with ED compared to a HC group.<b>Results and conclusion</b>: A total of 88 participants, distributed between patients with ED (<i>N</i> = 30) and HC (<i>N</i> = 58) were included.<b>Results</b>: The study results show statistically significant differences between patients with ED and HC. Thus, patients with an ED scored significantly higher on Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (uncertainty about mental states) (RFQ-U) (mean difference: 0.31, <i>p</i> = 0.048) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) (mean difference: 0.44, <i>p</i> = 0.019) compared to the HC. Furthermore, the results indicated that patients with Bulimia Nervosa (BN) may have a lower ability to mentalize about oneself as well as a generally lower ability to mentalize across different dimensions of the mentalization profile as the BN group scored significantly higher on RFQ-U (mean difference: 0.71, <i>p</i> = 0.023) and TAS-20 (mean difference: 0.89, <i>p</i> = 0.006) compared to the Anorexia Nervosa (AN) group. Further research should be conducted to gain knowledge on the mentalization ability in patients with an ED.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"146-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138885548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polypharmacy in antipsychotic pharmacological treatment among patients with dual diagnosis in Denmark.","authors":"Lei Blandin Jobe, Solvej Mårtensson, Signe Wegmann Düring","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2277820","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2277820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Antipsychotic polypharmacy is prevalent, however literature on antipsychotic polypharmacy during treatment among patients with dual diagnosis is largely non-existent. This study aims to investigating the extent of antipsychotic polypharmacy dual diagnosis patients during hospitalisations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing cohort data from an integrated dual diagnosis in-patient facility from patients hospitalized between 1 March 2012, to 31 December 2016, we compared the mean antipsychotic medication administered at admission and discharge and examined covariate associations with logistic regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified 907 hospital admissions, of which 641 were the first for each patient during the period. At admission, 74.1% received antipsychotics; polypharmacy spanned psychiatric disorders. categories. Patients with affective or personality spectrum disorders were less likely to have antipsychotic polypharmacy upon admission compared to those with psychosis spectrum disorders. 2013-2016 admissions presented less polypharmacy than 2012. Mean antipsychotic numbers remained unchanged for >30-day hospitalizations. Patients admitted without antipsychotic polypharmacy with an affective spectrum disorder or aged 41-50 or over 51 years old were less likely to be discharged with antipsychotic polypharmacy when compared to patients with psychosis spectrum disorder or aged 18-30 years old.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Approximately three-quarters of admitted patients were treated with antipsychotic medication. Antipsychotic polypharmacy was observed across all psychiatric disorder categories, indicating potential off-label use. Addressing antipsychotic polypharmacy during treatment is challenging, even for specialised facilities. Rational antipsychotic prescribing, deprescribing protocols, and further prescription pattern research are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"112-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71484274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the Conners' continuous performance test helpful for assessing attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in a clinical setting?","authors":"Kristin Heidi Johnsen, Levi Rostad Kvitland, Henrik Sollie, Magnus Reiestad, Egil Jonsbu, Kristen Hagen, Bernhard Weidle","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2279640","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2023.2279640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite lacking validation for Norwegian populations, the Conners Continuous Performance Test II (CCPT-II) is applied to almost one-third of children receiving an ADHD diagnosis. However, evidence of the CCPT-II's ability to differentiate between children with and without ADHD is contradictory. Thus, this study examines how CCPT-II results correlate with ADHD symptoms reported by mothers and teachers in a sample representing ordinary child and adolescent mental health services and explores the extent to which the CCPT-II influences the diagnostic result.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Correlations between CCPT-II results and ADHD Rating Scale scores and a clinical diagnosis of ADHD were analysed in children aged 6-15 years (<i>N</i> = 69) referred to a child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total ADHD symptom scores rated by mothers correlated with hit reaction time (HRT) block change (.260), HRT inter-stimulus interval (ISI) change (.264) and CCPT-II overall index (.263), while hyperactivity subscale scores correlated with omissions (.285), HRT (.414) and variability (.400). In teachers' ratings, total ADHD and both subscale scores correlated with commissions (.280-.382), while hyperactivity scores correlated with variability (.265). A higher number of commissions was the only significant difference in CCPT-II performance between children diagnosed with and children without ADHD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Correlations between CCPT-II results and ADHD symptoms were all small to moderate. As such, CCPT-II results should be interpreted with caution, because they correspond to a limited degree with other sources of information.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"120-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136398482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}