Nordic Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of health services and treatment alliance among extensively hospitalized patients due to severe self-harm - results from the Extreme Challenges project.","authors":"Tuva Langjord, Geir Pedersen, Tone Bovim, Kjetil Bremer, Tore Buer Christensen, Oddbjørn Hove, Arvid Nikolai Kildahl, Erlend Mork, Astrid Berge Norheim, Ruth-Kari Ramleth, Kristin Lie Romm, Johan Siqveland, Thea Schønning, Line Indrevoll Stänicke, Terje Torgersen, Mona S Pettersen, Tone Tveit, Øyvind Urnes, Fredrik A Walby, Elfrida Hartveit Kvarstein","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2376162","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2376162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extensive psychiatric hospitalization due to repeated severe self-harm (SH), is a poorly researched area, but a challenge within health services (HS). Recent studies have demonstrated high levels of involuntary treatment among patients with severe personality disorder (PD) and complex comorbidity. Keeping focus on extensively hospitalized SH patients, this study aimed to investigate patients' and clinicians' evaluation of HS and treatment alliance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study with an inpatient sample (age >18 years) with frequent (>5) or long (>4 weeks) psychiatric hospital admissions last year due to SH or SA recruited from 12 hospitals across health regions (<i>N</i> = 42). Evaluation included patient and clinician report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A minority of the patients (14%) were satisfied with HS before the current admission, 45% (patients) and 20% (clinicians) found the current admission helpful, and 46% (patients) and 14% (clinicians) worried about discharge. Treatment complaints were received in 38% of the cases. Outpatient mental HS were available after discharge for 68% and a majority of clinicians indicated satisfactory contact across HS. More intensive or specialized formats were unusual (structured outpatient treatment 35%, day treatment 21%, ambulatory services 32%, planned inpatient services 31%). Mutual problem understanding, aims, and confidence in therapists during the hospital stay were limited (patient-rated satisfactory mutual problem understanding: 39%, aims of stay: 50%, confidence: 50%). Patient and therapist alliance-ratings were in concordance for the majority.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights poor HS satisfaction, poor patient-therapist coherence, limited treatment alliance and limited follow-up in structured treatments addressing SH or intermediary supportive ambulatory/day/inpatient services.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"591-602"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' perception of the quality of psychiatric inpatient care in the Faroe Islands.","authors":"Lars-Olov Lundqvist, Marja L Gjógvará, Laila Olgarsdóttir, Anna Sofía Veyhe, Agneta Schröder","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2402239","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2402239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evaluating the quality of psychiatric care from the patient's perspective is crucial to measure the effectiveness of the provided care. This study aimed to translate the original Swedish Quality in Psychiatric Care - Inpatient (QPC-IP) instrument into Faroese, adapting it to the specific context of psychiatric inpatient care in the Faroe Islands, conducting a detailed evaluation of its psychometric properties, and to describe patients' perception of quality of psychiatric care.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Following a thorough translation and back-translation, the content validity of the Faroese QPC-IP was confirmed by a group of Faroese patients. Subsequently, the instrument was completed by 61 psychiatric inpatients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Item total correlations revealed that most items strongly correlated with their intended dimensions, mirroring the original Swedish version. However, a noteworthy exception was found in the discharge dimension, leading to the exclusion of an item related to helping find an occupation; this task was not performed by the ward. While the internal consistency of the overall scale was excellent, specific dimensions exhibited lower consistency.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The translation and cultural adaptation of the Faroese QPC-IP proved satisfactory. The psychometric evaluation affirmed a shared understanding of the quality of psychiatric care in both Faroese and Swedish cultural contexts. As a result, the Faroese QPC-IP emerges as a valuable instrument for assessing the quality of psychiatric care in the Faroe Islands. Its utility extends to quality assurance initiatives and contributes to cross-cultural research examining the quality of psychiatric care from the patient's perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"616-626"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief report: ADHD Rating Scale-IV (parent/caregiver-report) norms for young Danish schoolchildren.","authors":"Trine Wigh Arildskov, Anne Virring, Rikke Lambek, Edmund J S Sonuga-Barke, Søren Dinesen Østergaard, Per Hove Thomsen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2388070","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2388070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV) assesses ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents. The original United States norms comprise percentiles. Yet, no Nordic percentile norms exist, and only T-scores, which (often falsely) assume normally distributed data, are currently available. Here, we for the first time provide Danish percentile norms for children aged 6-9 based on parent/caregiver-reports, and illustrate the potential consequences of T-scores when derived based on the expected skewed distribution of an ADHD scale in the population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The sample comprised 1895 Danish schoolchildren (879 girls and 1016 boys) in 1st, 2nd, or 3rd grade from the general population. Their parents/caregivers completed the ADHD-RS-IV. Sex and age differences were investigated, percentiles were derived based on the observed score distributions, and for comparison, T-scores > 70 were estimated, which are expected to identify the top 2.3% under the assumption of normality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Boys were rated to have higher ADHD-RS-IV scores than girls except on the impulsivity score. No age effects were found on the majority of scores. Sex-stratified and unisex percentiles (80, 90, 93, 98) were reported. The distribution of ADHD-RS-IV scores were highly skewed. T-score cutoffs identified a significantly higher proportion of and about twice as many children as having elevated ADHD symptoms than expected (4.3-5.2% <i>vs</i>. 2.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ADHD-RS-IV (parent/caregiver-report) percentile norms for young Danish schoolchildren are now available for future reference. The use of percentiles is considered appropriate given the skewed score distribution and since T-scores appear to over-identify children as having clinically elevated ADHD symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"644-648"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness be a marker for distinguishing bipolar depression from unipolar depression?","authors":"Osman Hasan Tahsin Kılıç, Ömer Kartı, Pelin Kıyat, Zehra Nur Bayram, Çiğdem Kırcı Dallıoğlu","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2381545","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2381545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to compare retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included thirty MDD, thirty-two BD participants in depressive episode, and thirty-seven controls matched according to age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status. Optic coherence tomography (OCT) measurements were performed for both participants and controls. The RNFL and GCC thickness were measured and recorded automatically by a spectral OCT device. Participants were also subjected to Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RNFL superior thickness was significantly lower in BD participants, compared to the MDD participants and controls (<i>p</i> = 0.001). GCC inferior (<i>p</i> = 0.022) and inferonasal (<i>p</i> = 0.005) thickness were detected lower in BD group, compared to the control groups. In the BD group, HAM-D scores were negatively correlated with RNFL-temporal (<i>p</i> = 0.049, <i>r</i>= -0.357), GCC inferotemporal (<i>p</i> = 0.02, <i>r</i>= -0.416) and superotemporal thickness (<i>p</i> = 0.002, <i>r</i>= -0.546).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RNFL thickness were lower in BD participants compared to the MDD and controls and, GCC thickness were lower in BD participants compared to the controls. Our findings support the hypothesis that neurodegeneration is part of the pathogenesis of BD. Future research are needed to confirm the lack of RNFL thickness in MDD, which could have immediate therapeutic consequences as well as implications for distinguishing BD from MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"610-615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141752245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial emotion recognition in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder","authors":"Markus Varheenmaa, Soili M. Lehto, Patrizia Rizzo, Hans-Christoph Steinhausen, Renate Drechsler, Anna-Katharine Brem","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2403589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2024.2403589","url":null,"abstract":"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is defined as a persistent pattern of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning anofd development. Increased emotion...","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142266176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of emotion regulation skills, salivary apelin, and serotonin levels in children in Türkiye: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Zila Özlem Kırbaş,Bülent Bayraktar,Elif Odabaşı Aktaş","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2404229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2024.2404229","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSELittle is known about the relationship between apelin and serotonin in emotion regulation. This study aimed to examine children's emotional regulation skills and salivary apelin and serotonin levels.METHODSThis is a cross-sectional study performed in Türkiye. The research was completed with the participation of 146 children, 8-10 years old, from the general population. Emotion Regulation Skills Scale for Children (CERS) was used to assess children's levels of emotion regulation skills. Apelin and serotonin levels were examined by ELISA technique in saliva samples obtained from children.RESULTSA statistically significant correlation was found between the mean total score of the CERS and the mean apelin and serotonin levels (p ˂ .01). We found that females had higher emotion regulation skills compared to males, older higher than younger ones (p ˂ .01). The regression analysis results show that age and gender together explain 50.5% of the variance in CERS scores, while apelin and serotonin together explain 35.8% of the variance. When all four variables (age, gender, apelin, and serotonin) are included in the model, they explain 51.3% of the variance in CERS scores.CONCLUSIONOlder age and female gender explained most of emotion regulations skills.Key pointsIt was determined that the average salivary apelin and serotonin levels increased with increased age, and with increased age ERS also increased.More research is needed as this is the first time that the relationship between emotion regulation skills and serotonin and apelin levels has been examined.","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"97 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142266268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health problems among Syrian refugees in Nordic countries: a systematic review","authors":"Sneha Ojha, Sahara Thapa, Suraj Bahadur Thapa","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2403600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2024.2403600","url":null,"abstract":"The Syrian refugee crisis has led to significant population displacement, with many seeking refuge and asylum in Nordic countries. While these countries offer safety and stability, the resettlement...","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142266177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire in a preschool sample.","authors":"Nina Jakhelln Laugen, Hege Midtli, Ulrika Löfkvist, Kenneth Stensen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2351046","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2351046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is widely used internationally, however less so in preschool populations and validations studies are thus needed. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Norwegian version parent report of the SDQ - preschool version (SDQ 2-4).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Parents of 289 Norwegian children in the age span 1-6 years old filled out the SDQ 2-4, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and background information. Internal consistency, factor structure, and convergent validity were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed satisfying internal consistency for the total difficulties score, but worse for some of the subscales. The five-factor structure showed a good fit. Good convergent and divergent validity was found in terms of correlations with CBCL. Sex differences were found on all scales, boys scoring higher on all problem scales.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SDQ 2-4 can be a promising instrument to screen for emotional and behavioral difficulties among Norwegian preschoolers, particularly in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"482-488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140916798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of substance use in homeless patients with mental disorders.","authors":"Lykke Elmquist, Mads Gram Henriksen, Rasmus Handest, Julie Nordgaard","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2349116","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2349116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In Denmark, 42% of homeless people suffer from dual diagnosis, i.e. the co-occurrence of a substance use of alcohol and/or illegal substances and another psychiatric disorder. Dual diagnosis homeless patients often cause differential diagnostic difficulties and fail to receive effective treatment. A solid grasp of the role of substance use in these patients may inform the diagnostic decision and contribute to improve their treatment. Today, knowledge of these issues remains scarce. The purpose of this study was to explore substance use in homeless patients with mental disorders and their subjective perspectives on their substance use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>44 homeless dual diagnosis patients were included in the study. They were examined in interviews focusing on their substance use and their subjective perspective on their substance use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequently used substances were cannabinoids (70.5%) and alcohol (45.5%), followed by cocaine, sedative/hypnotics, and amphetamine. The finding suggests that substance use in dual diagnosis homeless patients is a complex phenomenon with most patients (56.8%) using multiple substances. While substance use seems to contribute to keep the patients homeless, substance use was also reported to play an important role in coping with life on the streets by offering social contact and some relief from a desperate situation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Substance use, mental disorder, and homelessness seem to be closely entangled, reinforcing each other and making it difficult to help these vulnerable patients. Diagnostic overshadowing may cause delays in adequate diagnosis and treatment of this group of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"477-481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collaborative assessment as an intervention in the treatment of mental Illness: a systematic review.","authors":"Oliver Rumle Hovmand, Jasmin Rejaye Gryesten, Ole Jakob Storebø, Nina Reinholt, Sidse M Arnfred","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2357565","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2357565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three meta-analyses suggested that the psychological assessment as a therapeutic intervention approach might have therapeutic effects but had unspecific inclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched four databases for RCTs that reported on the use of psychological assessment as an intervention. Two reviewers independently selected papers, extracted data, and assessed study quality.We conducted and reported the systematic review following the PRISMA statement. We assessed the Risk of bias in included studies using the Risk of Bias tool and graded the strength of the evidence with GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included two RCTs: The first study investigated Therapeutic Assessment (TA) combined with Manual-Assisted Cognitive Behavior Therapy (MACT) compared with MACT only in 16 outpatients with personality disorders. The trial found among completers (<i>n</i> = 7) no difference in borderline symptomatology but a possible difference regarding suicidality favoring MACT + TA. The trial did not provide any outcomes relating to readiness for treatment. The other trial investigated TA compared with a Goal-focused Pretreatment Intervention in a sample of 74 outpatients with personality disorders. The results found no intervention effects on symptomatology but suggested that TA might improve patient expectancy for future treatment among completers of the intervention. Both trials were judged at a high risk of bias and with very low certainty of evidence.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We found no support for the clinical effect of psychological assessment as a therapeutic intervention due to the high risk of bias and low certainty of the evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"457-464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141469708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}