Nordic Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Beyond theoretical courses - A study of Swedish psychiatric residents' collegial learning through conversations in the workplace.","authors":"Klara Bolander Laksov, Rajna Knez, Steinn Steingrimsson, Samir El Alaoui, Karolina Sörman","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2340665","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2340665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Collegial conversations are important for sustainable learning to last beyond a course. Research on collegial conversations and peer learning in the workplace during psychiatric residency courses remains sparse, however. In this study, the aim was to explore residents' opportunities for collegial conversations during and after national courses in psychiatry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Residents in psychiatry completed an online survey including questions on opportunities for collegial conversations in their workplaces. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis and thematic content analysis was used for the open-ended answers where a theoretical framework of communities of practice was employed for the interpretation of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 112 residents out of 725 (15,4%). The participants reported few structured forums for collegial discussion. The results of multivariate analysis suggest that more women than men feel it is advantageous to attend courses with others from the same workplace or from the same group of residents, described here as a team. The analysis of qualitative data identified how opportunities for collegial conversations differ across contexts and the type of values that are attached to team participation in residency courses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the importance of collegial conversations as a way to sustain the learning from residency courses into the workplace. By learning about residents' perceptions of collegial conversations during and after courses, teachers and directors may be more able to support residents' lifelong learning and professional development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"440-447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staff experiences with videoconferences during the COVID-19 pandemic in forensic psychiatry outpatients.","authors":"Lone Fisker Christensen, Line Sørensen, Kirsten Kjær Johansen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2331209","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2331209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe staff experiences with the use of videoconferences with forensic psychiatric outpatients during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Semi-structured interviews with staff at forensic community services in the Region of Southern Denmark.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine semi-structured staff interviews were conducted. Two main themes were identified through thematic analysis: <i>Challenges due to technical uncertainty</i> and <i>the Use of</i> videoconferences <i>as support in clinical assessment and treatment.</i> The second main theme also included a number of subthemes: <i>Lack of opportunity for observation of a patient's overall situation; Compromise of nurses' professionalism</i>; <i>Limitation of disturbing stimuli means more focus on the conversation</i>; <i>Telephone contact vs. video contact-pros and cons</i>; <i>Expectations reflect attitudes;</i> and <i>Will professionalism be changed based on organizational and political perspectives?</i></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Staff opinions on use of videoconferences in psychiatric patients differed. The nurses in particular were concerned about whether professionalism could be maintained. Others experienced patients focusing more on the conversation when it took place <i>via</i> video because there were fewer disturbing elements. In general, expectations seem to influence attitudes toward using videoconferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"370-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quality assurance study of the development of quality of care in outpatient clinics for treatment of addiction in Greenland.","authors":"Julie Flyger, Anna Mejldal, Bent Nielsen, Birgit Niclasen, Anette Søgaard Nielsen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2329583","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2329583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In 2016, a new addiction treatment service, Allorfik, was introduced in Greenland. Allorfik has, throughout the implementation and after, used auditing of patient records with feedback to develop the quality of care in treatment. Audits and feedback are routinely done in each treatment center. This study wishes to investigate the development of the quality of treatment through the case notes from the journal audits.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study is based on case notes audits from 2019, 2020 and 2021. In the audits, the focus has been on the quality of documentation and content for ten specific areas in each patient record. Each area was scored on a Likert scale of 0-4 for both outcomes. Statistical analyses were done using Stata 17, and P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. We present baseline characteristics for patients and illustrate the development of quality for both outcomes as time trends with scatter plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis was based on data from 454 patients and audits of their case notes. The mean number of weeks in treatment is 12.72, and the mean age for the people in the audited case notes is 39. Time had a positive effect on both outcomes, and so each month, documentation increased by 0.21 points (p-value = <0.001), and content increased by 0.27 points (p-value = <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For documentation and content, the quality level has increased significantly with time, and the quality of case notes is at an excellent level at the final audits of all treatment centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"363-369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric validation of the Danish version of the Major Depression Inventory using data from the Lolland-Falster health study (LOFUS).","authors":"Karl Bang Christensen, Aake Packness, Erik Simonsen, John Brodersen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2333445","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2333445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Major Depression Inventory (MDI) is a widely used self-rating depression scale commonly in primary care in Denmark. It has not been subject to robust psychometric validation in a general population setting. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric measurement properties of the MDI when applied in the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated statistical psychometric validity using modern test theory (confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory models and Rasch measurement theory) testing local independence and differential item function across groups defined by gender, age, education, and chronic disease status. Separate analyses across different strata and across different statistical models were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regarding structural validity we consistently identified local dependence for the item two pairs (MDI2,MDI3) and (MDI4,MDI5) across strata. This result was confirmed by bifactor CFA models and item screening. We further identified substantial differential item functioning with respect to age group and with respect to chronic disease. We identified quantified the magnitude of this lack of measurement invariance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The MDI is psychometrically valid in homogenous sub populations, but the disclosed evidence of local dependence means that published estimates of its reliability cannot be trusted. The lack of measurement invariance means that the instrument cannot be used to compare individuals or groups unless they are similar in terms of age group and chronic disease status.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"392-401"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring levels of TSH and FT4 in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia (FM) and healthy controls did not reveal any associations between fatigue score and level of thyroid hormones.","authors":"Elias Skorpen, Nora Bugge Pasca, Solveig Klæbo Reitan, Nina Groven","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2332442","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2332442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The diagnoses of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) and Fibromyalgia (FM) are highly associated with fatigue and pain, respectively. Physiologically and clinically an effect of thyroid status on fatigue and pain is expected. There may be clinically relevant differences in thyroid hormone axes though within values of reference in both patients with normal thyroid hormones, or in patients with well-regulated thyroid disease. These potential differences are explored in this study.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In the present study, female patients with CFS (<i>n</i> = 49) and FM (<i>n</i> = 58) as well as female healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 53) were included. We explored plasma levels of TSH and FT4 between the groups using Kruskall-Wallis, and the relation between fatigue score and levels of TSH and FT4 by means of Spearman's rho.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no group differences between CFS patients, FM patients, and healthy controls in levels of TSH and FT4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As one might clinically and physiologically expect an association between thyroid function and fatigue, which may be associated with clinical disorders such as CFS and FM, we suggest future studies to examine the field further by exploring the influence of thyroid receptors and responses of the thyroid hormone cascade.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"376-381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing a cognitive behavioural therapy program for anxiety in autistic adolescents: a feasibility study.","authors":"Tina R Kilburn, Ronald M Rapee, Heidi J Lyneham, Mikael Thastum, Per Hove Thomsen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2338206","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2338206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Autism includes core symptoms affecting general and social development. Up to 60% of autistic adolescents experience co-occurring anxiety disorders negatively influencing educational, social, and general development together with quality of life. A manualised cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) program 'Cool Kids - Autism Spectrum Adaptation (ASA)' has previously demonstrated efficacy in reducing anxiety in children with co-occurring autism. The current study investigates the feasibility of adapting this program for adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen autistic adolescents, aged 14-17 years, with co-occurring anxiety disorders were enrolled in the study. Outcome measures collected from both adolescents and parents pre-, post-treatment and at 3-month follow-up included participant evaluation of the program, scores from a semi-structured anxiety interview, and questionnaires on anxiety symptoms, life interference, and quality of life.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>92% of the families who completed the program found it useful and would recommend it to other families in a similar situation. At follow-up, 55% no longer met the criteria for their primary anxiety diagnosis and 34% of adolescents were free of all anxiety diagnoses. Of the five adolescents who did not attend school before treatment three (60%) had returned to school after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that the adaptation of the program 'Cool Kids - ASA' into an adolescent version is feasible and has the potential to show good effects thus enhancing the possibility of education, development and independence in future life for this group. Larger RCTs studies are, however, needed to examine the efficacy of the adolescent version.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"421-430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Amager Project IV: suicidal behavior and aftercare: real world data (RWD) from a prospective observational project.","authors":"August G Wang, Titia Lahoz, Marianne Hvid, Heidi K Grufstedt, Lene M Jørgensen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2315163","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2315163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In an RCT study, OPAC (outreach, problem solving, adherence, continuity) approach to aftercare after suicide attempts had an effect. The present study used the OPAC method in a clinical setting on Amager Copenhagen to patients after suicide attempt (Group 1) and patients with suicide ideation (Group 2) in a real-world data (RWD) study.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study whether the OPAC method could provide real world evidence (RWE) for results from the RCT study and long-time prospects.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This RWD study included 506 patients and followed them for 5 years. Kaplan-Meyer showed 5 years results. Risk factors for 5 years were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>206 males (mean age 37.9) and 300 females (mean age 35.2) participated. A decline in survival accelerated after 3 years. After a 2-year follow-up, Group 1 had an attempted suicide rate of 12,2% and Group 2 5,4%. After 5 years the numbers were 18% and 10%. There were 3 completed suicides. Risk factors were: earlier suicide attempts, one or both parents or they themselves were alcohol/drug abusers, and a poor social network. Group 1 showed the same result as the intervention group in our earlier RCT study. Group 2 did better. Both groups did better than the control group from our RCT study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The OPAC effect was translated into the daily clinic. Risk factors were previous suicide attempts, alcohol and drug abuse and poor social networks. More specific therapy is needed for some patients to prevent relapse. Focus on enhancing a sense of belongingness and/or treating substance abuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"267-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139712689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived advantages and disadvantages of substance use in a dual diagnosis population with severe mental disorders and severe substance use disorder. Considering the self-medication hypothesis.","authors":"Signe Wegmann Düring, Stephen Fitzgerald Austin, Solvej Mårtensson, Katrine Schepelern Johansen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2318649","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2318649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Based on a large cohort of dual diagnosis patients, the aim of this study was to quantify the patient-perceived problems and advantages of their substance use and relate the quantity of problems to the substance type and psychiatric diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Material: </strong>Data comes from a naturalistic cohort admitted to an in-patient facility in Denmark specialized in integrated dual diagnosis treatment. We included 1076 patients at their first admission to the facility from 2010 to 2017. Participants completed 607 DrugCheck and 130 DUDIT-E questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>we analyzed the questionnaires and included admission diagnosis by use of <i>t</i>-test and ANOVA to depict the patterns in substance use in relation to psychiatric diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three most common substance related problems according to the DrugCheck questionnaire were: feeling depressed, financial problems, and losing interest in daily activities. From DUDIT-E, the highest-ranking <i>negative substance related effects</i> were financial ruin, deterioration of health, and problems at work. Effects on social life relationships were also evident with more than 40% of participants. The top three <i>positive substance related effects</i> reported were relaxation, improved sleep, and control over negative emotions. The number of problems listed varied significantly with the type of preferred substance. Patients using pain medication, sedatives, central stimulants, and alcohol reported most problems. Diagnosis did not differentiate the problems experienced. Results partially support the broad self-medication hypothesis for patients with severe mental illness, but also points out that patients are well aware of negative effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric properties and normative data of the Latvian and Russian language versions of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) in the Latvian general adolescent population.","authors":"Ņikita Bezborodovs, Rūdolfs Krēgers, Lelde Vētra, Elmārs Rancāns, Anita Villeruša","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2319662","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2319662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Mental health screening instruments are essential in population health research and clinical practice. The strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) self-report version has been widely used across the globe to screen for mental health problems in adolescent populations. This study aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Latvian and Russian language versions of the SDQ in a representative sample of a general population of Latvian adolescents and establish the population-based normative scores.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This analysis was based on data from the international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study year 2017/2018 Latvian database. The sample comprised 2683 Latvian and 1321 Russian-speaking 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old adolescents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant language-based variance was observed in the mean scores of the externalising subscales of the SDQ, with Latvian-speaking adolescents reporting higher levels of conduct problems and hyperactivity. The reliability was satisfactory (ordinal alpha >0.7) only for the prosocial behaviour, emotional, internalising problems, and total difficulties subscales, while conduct, hyperactivity, peer, and externalising problems scales demonstrated lower internal consistency (ordinal alpha 0.5-0.7). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) did not support the hypothesised narrow-band five-factor or broad-band three-factor structure of the SDQ. The normative banding scores were calculated for both language variants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study suggests that the self-report SDQ must be used cautiously in Latvian adolescents because some SDQ subscales lack reliability. When used in population research, the internalising subscales seem more reliable than the externalising ones. More research is needed regarding the reliability of the SDQ in clinical adolescent populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"301-311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between the Hopkins symptom checklist-10 and diagnoses of anxiety and depression among inpatients with substance use disorders.","authors":"Helle Wessel Andersson, Trond Nordfjærn, Mats P Mosti","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2323124","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2323124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 (HSCL-10) is a self-report inventory of anxiety and depression symptoms that may assist clinicians in screening for clinical conditions among patients with substance use disorder (SUD). We examined the HSCL-10 as a screening tool for anxiety and depressive disorders within a general population of SUD inpatients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from a cohort study of 611 SUD inpatients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted, with and without covariates, to evaluate the potential of the HSCL-10 as a screening tool. This was explored using any anxiety disorder, especially posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and any mood disorder, especially major depressive disorders, as the outcome criteria. Candidate covariates included gender, age, education, polydrug use and treatment center.<i>Result</i>s: The HSCL-10 had a moderate ability to identify caseness (i.e. having or not having a clinical diagnosis) according to each outcome criterion, with the area under the ROC curve (AUC) varying from 0.64 to 0.66. Adding relevant covariates markedly enhanced the instrument's ability to identify those who met the criteria for any anxiety disorder (AUC = 0.77), especially PTSD (AUC = 0.82).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a real-world clinical setting, the HSCL-10 has fair-to-good clinical utility for identifying SUD inpatients who have comorbid clinical symptoms of anxiety disorders or PTSD, when combined with common background variables. The HSCL-10, a brief self-report screening tool, may serve as an efficient proxy for comprehensive interviews used in research and for clinical anxiety symptom screening among patients with SUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"319-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139990733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}