Nordic Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Early maladaptive schemas in autogenous and reactive subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder.","authors":"Muhammed Raşit Bardakçı, Merve Şahin Can","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2374416","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2374416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study is to identify early maladaptive schemas in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and to determine the use of these schemas in OCD autogenous and reactive subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population included 40 healthy volunteers, and 90 patients diagnosed with OCD. The Yale-Brown Obsession-Compulsion Scale (Y-BOCS) was administered to the OCD group to determine the severity of the disorder, and the Y-BOCS Symptom Checklist was applied to determine the patients with autogenous (<i>n</i> = 37) and reactive (<i>n</i> = 53) subtypes of OCD. Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3 (YSQ-SF3) scales were applied to all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When autogenous and reactive subtype groups of OCD were compared with each other, the schema domains of disconnection (<i>p</i> = 0.004), high standards (<i>p</i> = 0.008), other-directedness (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and the schema dimensions of failure (<i>p</i> < 0.001), emotional deprivation (<i>p</i> < 0.001), defectiveness (<i>p</i> = 0.007), approval seeking (<i>p</i> = 0.007) and punishment (<i>p</i> = 0.001) were found to be more dominant in the autogenous group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of the study support that there are differences between autogenous and reactive subtypes of OCD in terms of dominant schemas. Therefore, its thought that the use of Schema Therapy methods in which schemas appropriate for subtypes are investigated in the treatment of OCD patients will contribute favorably to the treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"541-547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory markers, somatic complaints, use of medication and health care in 11-year-old children at familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder compared with population-based controls. The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - via 11.","authors":"Anne Søndergaard, Maja Gregersen, Martin Wilms, Julie Marie Brandt, Carsten Hjorthøj, Jessica Ohland, Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd, Nicoline Hemager, Anna Krogh Andreassen, Christina Bruun Knudsen, Lotte Veddum, Mette Falkenberg Krantz, Aja Greve, Vibeke Bliksted, Ole Mors, Kasper Lykkegaard, Peter Krustrup, Anne E Thorup, Merete Nordentoft","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2369145","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2369145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder are at increased risk of somatic illnesses and have more somatic complaints compared with the general population. Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are highly heritable. Already during childhood, children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ) or bipolar disorder (FHR-BD) are at increased risk of psychiatric disorders and cognitive and social impairments. Knowledge about physical conditions is sparse.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Through blood tests (<i>n</i> = 293), interviews, and questionnaires, we assessed inflammatory markers, somatic complaints, medication - and health care use in 11-year-old children at FHR-SZ, FHR-BD, and population-based controls (PBC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children at FHR-SZ had higher concentrations of leucocytes (mean 6.41, <i>SD</i> 0.73) compared with PBC (mean 5.78, <i>SD</i> 0.27, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and of neutrophilocytes (FHR-SZ: mean 3.11, <i>SD</i> 1.32, PBC: mean 2.70, <i>SD</i> 0.96, <i>p</i> = 0.024). Compared with PBC (26.6%), more children at FHR-SZ (40.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.007) reported somatic complaints. So did caregivers and teachers to children at FHR-BD. Somatic complaints, higher concentrations of leucocytes, and neutrophilocytes were associated with lower levels of physical activity. Children at FHR-BD with psychiatric disorders reported more somatic complaints compared with those without.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children at FHR-SZ had higher concentrations of leucocytes and neutrophilocytes than PBC. Children at FHR-SZ or FHR-BP displayed more somatic complaints than controls. Our study highlights rarely explored disadvantage of being born to parents with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. To enhance understanding of how physical conditions in childhood may interplay with later transition to mental disorders in children at FHR-SZ and FHR-BD, further research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"507-517"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141458399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief admission by self-referral as an add-on to usual care for individuals with self-harm at risk of suicide: cost-effectiveness and 4-year health-economic consequences after a Swedish randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Rose-Marie Lindkvist, Katarina Steen Carlsson, Daiva Daukantaitė, Lena Flyckt, Sofie Westling","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2366854","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2366854","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brief Admission by self-referral (BA) is a crisis-management intervention standardized for individuals with self-harm at risk of suicide. We analyzed its health-economic consequences.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>BA plus treatment as usual (TAU) was compared with TAU alone in a 12-month randomized controlled trial with 117 participants regarding costs for hospital admissions, coercive measures, emergency care and health outcomes (quality-adjusted life years; QALYs). Participants were followed from 12 months before baseline to up to five years after.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over one year BA was associated with a mean annual cost reduction of 4800 or incremental cost of 4600 euros, depending on bed occupancy assumption. Cost-savings were greatest for individuals with >180 admission days in the year before baseline. In terms of health outcomes BA was associated with a QALY gain of 0.078. Uncertainty analyses indicated a significant QALY gain and ambiguity in costs, resulting in BA either dominating TAU or costing 59 000 euros per gained QALY.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BA is likely to produce QALY gains for individuals living with self-harm and suicidality. Cost-effectiveness depends on targeting high-need individuals and comparable bed utilization between BA and other psychiatric admissions. Future research should elaborate the explanatory factors for individual variations in the usage and benefit of BA.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"497-506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141321312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric validation of the Montgomery-åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Youth (MADRS-Y) in a clinical sample.","authors":"Magnus Vestin, Ida Blomqvist, Eva Henje, Inga Dennhag","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2374417","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2374417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression in adolescence is a serious major global health problem with increasing rates of prevalence. Measures of depression that are valid for young people are clearly needed in clinical contexts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 577 patients from child and adolescent psychiatry (<i>n</i> = 471) and primary care (<i>n</i> = 106) aged 12-22 years in Sweden (M_age=16.7 years; 76% female). The reliability and validity for Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale - Youth (MADRS-Y) were investigated. To confirm the latent structure, we used a single-factor confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to test total score differences between diagnostic groups. Using Spearman's rho correlations, we examine whether single items in the MADRS-Y correlate with suicidal ideation measured by The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-JR <b>(</b>SIQ-JR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The internal consistency using McDonald's coefficient omega was excellent. The CFA of the 12-item MADRS-Y supported a one factor structure. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity was shown. There was a significant difference in MADRS-Y scores across diagnostic groups, with higher results for depressive disorders. A strong correlation with suicidal ideation was found for two items.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results support MADRS-Y as a brief, reliable, and valid self-report questionnaire of depressive symptoms for young patients in a clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"525-532"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141538216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the concurrent validity of the norwegian versions of the psychotic symptom rating scales (PSYRATS) and the positive scale from the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS).","authors":"Olivia Schjøtt-Pedersen, Helen Christine Bull, Erik Falkum, Torill Ueland, Oda Skancke Gjerdalen, Vegard Øksendal Haaland, Stig Evensen, June Ullevoldsæter Lystad","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2367638","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2367638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is one of the most commonly used assessment tools for measuring psychotic symptoms. The Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales (PSYRATS) is another instrument created specifically to assess delusions and auditory hallucinations. However, research on the concurrent validity of PSYRATS with PANSS is limited. There are also inconsistent findings regarding the association between the PSYRATS scales and the PANSS positive scale. The present study aims to add to the understanding of the concurrent validity of these measures, while also incorporating a broader measure of psychiatric symptoms (the symptom scale from the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale - split version, GAF-S).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Spearman's Rank Order Correlations (rho) were calculated for scores from the PANSS positive scale, PSYRATS and GAF-S in a sample of 148 participants with psychotic disorders at three time points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate concurrent validity between PSYRATS and PANSS, while the PSYRATS scales were not consistently correlated with GAF-S.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PSYRATS may be a valid assessment tool for evaluating psychotic symptoms. The utility of PSYRATS in research and clinical practice should be investigated further.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"548-551"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive analytic therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Seyedeh Mozhgan Ghasemi, Zahra Feiznia, Tina Karbasi, Morteza Roostaee, Zhila Alipour Azami, Navid Hosseini Arian, Fateme Rayyat Moeini","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2360978","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2360978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-traumatic stress disorder represents a multifaceted clinical entity with a profound impact on mental health. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of cognitive analytic therapy on the manifestations of post-traumatic stress disorder.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>From May 21, 2023, to July 7, 2023, we conducted a randomized control trial in the outpatient clinic of a psychiatry Hospital. Participants were Iran-Iraq war veterans (<i>N</i> = 40) with a confirmed diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder. They were randomly allocated to cognitive analytic therapy and control groups. The primary outcome was re-experiencing, and the secondary outcomes included avoidance, hyperarousal, depression, anxiety, and numbness scores measured by appropriate questionnaires before and after the interventions. The cognitive analytic therapy group received a weekly program totaling 12 sessions of therapy adjunct to pharmacotherapy, each session lasting 90 min, and the control group received only pharmacotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within-group analysis showed that cognitive analytic therapy (<i>N</i> = 19) decreased all symptom scores (all <i>p</i> < 0.001), while the control group (<i>N</i> = 20) showed a decrease in hyper-arousal, depression, and anxiety (<i>p</i> < 0.001) scores. Between-group analysis implied that cognitive analytic therapy was more successful than usual pharmacotherapy in decreasing all outcome scores (all <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A 12-session program of cognitive analytic therapy was effective in alleviating re-experiencing, avoidance, hyper-arousal, depression, anxiety, and numbness in post-traumatic stress disorder. It was safe and acceptable by participants reflected by a high retention rate. We recommend the incorporation of cognitive analytic therapy to the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"489-496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The WHO Adult ADHD self-report Scale used in a clinical sample of patients with overlapping symptoms - psychometric properties of and scoring methods for the Swedish translation.","authors":"Sara von Wallenberg Pachaly, Johan Isaksson, Ioannis Kouros, Mia Ramklint","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2333079","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2333079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The WHO Adult ADHD Self-report Scale (ASRSv1.1 and ASRS-S) is used for screening for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The capacity of the Swedish version of the scale to discriminate ADHD from borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar disorder (BP) has not been tested.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>Evaluate scoring methods, psychometric properties, and diagnostic accuracy of the Swedish versions of ASRSv1.1/ASRS-S in a group of patients with ADHD and/or BPD and/or BP.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 151 young adult psychiatric patients diagnosed with ADHD, BPD and/or BD completed ASRSv1.1 and the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS) for ADHD symptoms, and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) for functional impairment. ADHD diagnoses were assessed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS) interview. Both versions of the scale were analysed through dichotomised and non-dichotomised scoring for diagnostic accuracy analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The internal consistency for ASRSv1.1/ASRS-S was satisfactory with α 0.913 and 0.743, respectively. The two-factor structure of the ASRSv1.1 and the one factor structure of ASRS-S were supported by the confirmatory factor analyses. A strong positive correlation was found between ASRSv1.1 and WURS and a moderate level of correlation was found between ASRSv1.1 and SDS. The area under the curve for both scoring methods were excellent with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.808 and 0.817, respectively. Optimal cut-off scores were in line with the original recommendations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Swedish translation of ASRSv1.1/ASRS-S has psychometric properties comparable to other populations and the capacity to screen for ADHD in patients with overlapping symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"382-391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond theoretical courses - A study of Swedish psychiatric residents' collegial learning through conversations in the workplace.","authors":"Klara Bolander Laksov, Rajna Knez, Steinn Steingrimsson, Samir El Alaoui, Karolina Sörman","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2340665","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2340665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Collegial conversations are important for sustainable learning to last beyond a course. Research on collegial conversations and peer learning in the workplace during psychiatric residency courses remains sparse, however. In this study, the aim was to explore residents' opportunities for collegial conversations during and after national courses in psychiatry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Residents in psychiatry completed an online survey including questions on opportunities for collegial conversations in their workplaces. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis and thematic content analysis was used for the open-ended answers where a theoretical framework of communities of practice was employed for the interpretation of the findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survey was completed by 112 residents out of 725 (15,4%). The participants reported few structured forums for collegial discussion. The results of multivariate analysis suggest that more women than men feel it is advantageous to attend courses with others from the same workplace or from the same group of residents, described here as a team. The analysis of qualitative data identified how opportunities for collegial conversations differ across contexts and the type of values that are attached to team participation in residency courses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the importance of collegial conversations as a way to sustain the learning from residency courses into the workplace. By learning about residents' perceptions of collegial conversations during and after courses, teachers and directors may be more able to support residents' lifelong learning and professional development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"440-447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staff experiences with videoconferences during the COVID-19 pandemic in forensic psychiatry outpatients.","authors":"Lone Fisker Christensen, Line Sørensen, Kirsten Kjær Johansen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2331209","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2331209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To describe staff experiences with the use of videoconferences with forensic psychiatric outpatients during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Semi-structured interviews with staff at forensic community services in the Region of Southern Denmark.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine semi-structured staff interviews were conducted. Two main themes were identified through thematic analysis: <i>Challenges due to technical uncertainty</i> and <i>the Use of</i> videoconferences <i>as support in clinical assessment and treatment.</i> The second main theme also included a number of subthemes: <i>Lack of opportunity for observation of a patient's overall situation; Compromise of nurses' professionalism</i>; <i>Limitation of disturbing stimuli means more focus on the conversation</i>; <i>Telephone contact vs. video contact-pros and cons</i>; <i>Expectations reflect attitudes;</i> and <i>Will professionalism be changed based on organizational and political perspectives?</i></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Staff opinions on use of videoconferences in psychiatric patients differed. The nurses in particular were concerned about whether professionalism could be maintained. Others experienced patients focusing more on the conversation when it took place <i>via</i> video because there were fewer disturbing elements. In general, expectations seem to influence attitudes toward using videoconferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"370-375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140306322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quality assurance study of the development of quality of care in outpatient clinics for treatment of addiction in Greenland.","authors":"Julie Flyger, Anna Mejldal, Bent Nielsen, Birgit Niclasen, Anette Søgaard Nielsen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2329583","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2024.2329583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In 2016, a new addiction treatment service, Allorfik, was introduced in Greenland. Allorfik has, throughout the implementation and after, used auditing of patient records with feedback to develop the quality of care in treatment. Audits and feedback are routinely done in each treatment center. This study wishes to investigate the development of the quality of treatment through the case notes from the journal audits.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study is based on case notes audits from 2019, 2020 and 2021. In the audits, the focus has been on the quality of documentation and content for ten specific areas in each patient record. Each area was scored on a Likert scale of 0-4 for both outcomes. Statistical analyses were done using Stata 17, and P-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. We present baseline characteristics for patients and illustrate the development of quality for both outcomes as time trends with scatter plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis was based on data from 454 patients and audits of their case notes. The mean number of weeks in treatment is 12.72, and the mean age for the people in the audited case notes is 39. Time had a positive effect on both outcomes, and so each month, documentation increased by 0.21 points (p-value = <0.001), and content increased by 0.27 points (p-value = <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For documentation and content, the quality level has increased significantly with time, and the quality of case notes is at an excellent level at the final audits of all treatment centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"363-369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}