Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Offline 20 Hz transcranial alternating current stimulation over the right inferior frontal gyrus increases theta activity during a motor response inhibition task","authors":"Ekaterina Lyzhko ,&nbsp;Stefanie E. Peter ,&nbsp;Frauke Nees ,&nbsp;Michael Siniatchkin ,&nbsp;Vera Moliadze","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Previous studies have shown that the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) and the pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA) play an important role in motor inhibitory control. The aim of the study was to use theta frequency transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) to modulate brain activity in the rIFG and preSMA and to test the effects of stimulation using a motor response inhibition task.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In four sessions, 20 healthy participants received tACS at 6 Hz over preSMA or rIFG, or 20 Hz over rIFG (to test frequency specificity), or sham stimulation before task processing. After each type of stimulation, the participants performed the Go/NoGo task with simultaneous electroencephalogram (EEG) recording.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>By stimulating rIFG and preSMA with 6 Hz tACS, we were not able to modulate either behavioral performance nor the EEG correlate. Interestingly, 20 Hz tACS over the rIFG significantly increased theta activity, however without behavioral effects. This increased theta activity did not coincide with the stimulation area and was localized in the fronto-central and centro-parietal areas.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The inclusion of a control frequency is crucial to test for frequency specificity. Our findings are in accordance with previous studies showing that after effects of tACS are not restricted to the stimulation frequency but can also occur in other frequency bands.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 3","pages":"Article 102887"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10249162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal integration and modulation of visual and somatosensory inputs on the corticospinal excitability","authors":"Fatma Gokcem Yildiz ,&nbsp;Cagri Mesut Temucin","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2022.102842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2022.102842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Corticospinal excitability may be affected by various sensory inputs under physiological conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the corticospinal excitability by using multimodal conditioning paradigms of combined somatosensory electrical and visual stimulation to understand the sensory-motor integration.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We examined motor evoked potentials (MEP) obtained by using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) that were conditioned by using a single goggle–light-emitting diode (LED) stimulation, peripheral nerve electrical stimulation (short latency afferent inhibition protocol), or a combination of both (goggle-LED+electrical stimulation) at different interstimulus intervals (ISIs) in 14 healthy volunteers.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found MEP inhibition at ISIs of 50–60 ms using the conditioned goggle-LED stimulation. The combined goggle-LED stimulation at a 60 ms ISI resulted in an additional inhibition to the electrical stimulation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Visual inputs cause significant modulatory effects on the corticospinal excitability. Combined visual and somatosensory stimuli integrate probably via different neural circuits and/or interneuron populations. To our knowledge, multimodal integration of visual and somatosensory inputs by using TMS-short latency inhibition protocol have been evaluated via electrophysiological methods for the first time in this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 3","pages":"Article 102842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10190325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to explore and explain autonomic changes in multiple sclerosis","authors":"Luka Crnošija ,&nbsp;Ivan Adamec ,&nbsp;Magdalena Krbot Skorić ,&nbsp;Mario Habek","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Autonomic dysfunction (AD) in people with MS (pwMS) is a frequent finding. This narrative review will present an overview of central neural mechanisms involved in the control of cardiovascular and thermoregulatory systems, and methods of autonomic nervous system testing will be discussed thereafter. Since the need for standardization of autonomic nervous system (ANS) testing, we will focus on the standard battery of tests (blood pressure and heart rate response to Valsalva maneuver and head-up tilt, and heart rate response to deep breathing test plus one of the tests for sudomotor function), which can detect ANS pathology in the majority of pwMS. The review will briefly discuss the other types of AD in pwMS and the use of appropriate tests. While performing ANS testing in pwMS one has to consider the multiple sclerosis phenotypes, disease duration, and its activity, the degree of clinical disability of patients included in the study, and the disease-modifying therapies taken, as these factors may have a great influence on the results of ANS testing. In other words, detailed patient characteristics presentation and patient stratification are beneficial when reporting results of ANS testing in pwMS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 102854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9669631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing epilepsy-related autonomic manifestations: Beyond cardiac and respiratory investigations","authors":"Rosalie Marchal ,&nbsp;Sylvain Rheims","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) regulates many critical physiological functions. Its control relies on cortical input, especially limbic areas, which are often involved in epilepsy. Peri-ictal autonomic dysfunction is now well documented, but inter-ictal dysregulation is less studied. In this review, we discuss the available data on epilepsy-related autonomic dysfunction and the objective tests available. Epilepsy is associated with sympathetic-parasympathetic imbalance and a shift towards sympathetic dominance. Objective tests report alterations in heart rate, baroreflex function, cerebral autoregulation, sweat glands activity, thermoregulation, gastrointestinal and urinary function. However, some tests have found contradictory results and many tests suffer from a lack of sensitivity and reproducibility. Further study on interictal ANS function is required to further understand autonomic dysregulation and the potential association with clinically-relevant complications, including risk of Sudden Unexpected Death In Epilepsy (SUDEP).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 102850"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9682701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central control of cardiac activity as assessed by intra-cerebral recordings and stimulations","authors":"Laure Mazzola ,&nbsp;François Mauguière ,&nbsp;Florian Chouchou","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102849","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102849","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Some of the most important integrative control centers for the autonomic nervous system are located in the brainstem and the hypothalamus. However, growing recent neuroimaging evidence support that a set of cortical regions, named the central autonomic network (CAN), is involved in autonomic control and seems to play a major role in continuous autonomic cardiac adjustments to high-level emotional, cognitive or sensorimotor cortical activities. Intracranial explorations during stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) offer a unique opportunity to address the question of the brain regions involved in heart-brain interaction, by studying: (i) direct cardiac effects produced by the electrical stimulation of specific brain areas; (ii) epileptic seizures inducing cardiac modifications; (iii) cortical regions involved in cardiac interoception and source of cardiac evoked potentials. In this review, we detail the available data assessing cardiac central autonomic regulation using SEEG, address the strengths and also the limitations of this technique in this context, and discuss perspectives. The main cortical regions that emerge from SEEG studies as being involved in cardiac autonomic control are the insula and regions belonging to the limbic system: the amygdala, the hippocampus, and the anterior and mid-cingulate. Although many questions remain, SEEG studies have already demonstrated afferent and efferent interactions between the CAN and the heart. Future studies in SEEG should integrate these afferent and efferent dimensions as well as their interaction with other cortical networks to better understand the functional heart-brain interaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 102849"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9305956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sympathetic and electrochemical skin responses in the assessment of sudomotor function: a comparative study","authors":"Juan Idiaquez ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Casar ,&nbsp;Ricardo Fadic ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Iturriaga","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2022.102840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2022.102840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The sympathetic skin response (SSR) is a well-established test, whereas the electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) is still under evaluation. Our aim was therefore to assess the diagnostic accuracy of ESC to detect abnormal sudomotor function, using SSR as a reference test.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross sectional observational study was performed of 61 neurological patients assessed for possible sudomotor dysfunction and 50 age-matched healthy controls (HC). Patients with diagnoses of vasovagal syncope (VVS, n=25), Parkinson's disease (PD, n=15), multiple system atrophy (MSA, n=11) and peripheral neuropathies (PN, n=10) were included. Sudomotor function was assessed with SSR and ESC tests in all participants. The absence of SSR in the palms or soles indicates abnormal sudomotor function. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value of the ESC. Cardiovascular autonomic (CV-Aut) function was evaluated through the Ewing score, based on the following tests: Heart rate change with deep breathing, Valsalva ratio, 30:15 ratio, blood pressure changes on standing and during isometric exercise. A Ewing score ≥ 2 indicates the presence of CV-Aut dysfunction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Mean SSR amplitudes and ESC values showed differences between HC and patients with MSA or PN (p &lt; 0.05), but not in patients with VVS or PD. Absence of SSR was associated with abnormal ESC (p &lt; 0.05). Patients with abnormal CV-Aut dysfunction had lower ESC (p&lt; 0.05). Palm ESC (P-ESC) and sole ESC (S-ESC) assessment had a sensitivity of 0.91 and 0.95 to predict sudomotor dysfunction, with a specificity of 0.78 and 0.85, respectively. The area under ROC curve was 0.905 and 0.98, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>ESC in palms and soles has a high diagnostic accuracy for sudomotor dysfunction as detected by absent SSR in patients with MSA and PN.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 102840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9305423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why, when and how to assess autonomic nervous system maturation in neonatal care units: A practical overview","authors":"Hugues Patural ,&nbsp;Vincent Pichot ,&nbsp;Frédéric Roche ,&nbsp;Antoine Giraud","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The evaluation of the autonomic reactivity of newborns by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is a simple and essential aid to identifying pathological situations of dysautonomia. Thanks to this relatively simple and reproducible analytic tool, the pediatrician can identify and target children at high risk of life-threatening events, i.e., those with insufficient intrinsic capacity for cardiorespiratory self-regulation, who should benefit from close cardiorespiratory monitoring. Different mathematical algorithms integrate delayed or real-time variations in the length of the RR interval to better understand the state of autonomic maturation of the newborn. HRV analysis, as a non-invasive tool for assessing autonomic balance, is essential to assess the functioning of the autonomic nervous system and, more specifically, parasympathetic/sympathetic balance. Despite many recognized diagnostic and therapeutic implications, its application to neonatal medicine is not yet well understood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 102855"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9307507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of electrochemical skin conductance measurement by Sudoscan® for assessing autonomic dysfunction in peripheral neuropathies beyond diabetes","authors":"Jean-Pascal Lefaucheur","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral neuropathies involving small-diameter nerve fibers require specific examinations beyond conventional nerve conduction studies which only concern large-diameter nerve fibers. Among these tests, some are dedicated to the investigation of cutaneous innervation by the autonomic nervous system, mainly by unmyelinated sympathetic C fibers. To this end, various laboratory tests have been proposed, but the measurement of electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) by Sudoscan® is increasingly becoming the most widely used technique, because it allows a quick and simple assessment of the sudomotor function of the limb extremities. This technique is based on the principles of reverse iontophoresis and chronoamperometry and since its introduction in 2010, has been the source of nearly 200 publications. In the clinical field, most of these publications concern the evaluation of diabetic polyneuropathy, for which the value of Sudoscan® no longer needs to be demonstrated. However, there is also evidence for a role for Sudoscan® in the testing of the autonomic nervous system in various peripheral neuropathies of other origins or diseases primarily affecting the central nervous system. In this article, a comprehensive review of the literature on the clinical value of Sudoscan® outside of diabetes is presented, detailing ESC changes in neuropathies associated with various clinical conditions, such as hereditary amyloidosis or other genetic pathologies, chemotherapy neurotoxicity, dysimmune or infectious disorders, fibromyalgia, parkinsonism or other neurodegenerative diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 102859"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9683701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEUROPHYSIOLOGIE CLINIQUE CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0987-7053(23)00024-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0987-7053(23)00024-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 102867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43478956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart rate variability modifications in adult patients with early versus late-onset temporal lobe epilepsy: A comparative observational study","authors":"Fedele Dono ,&nbsp;Giacomo Evangelista ,&nbsp;Stefano Consoli ,&nbsp;Romina Venditti ,&nbsp;Mirella Russo ,&nbsp;Maria Vittoria De Angelis ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Faustino ,&nbsp;Angelo Di Iorio ,&nbsp;Catello Vollono ,&nbsp;Francesca Anzellotti ,&nbsp;Marco Onofrj ,&nbsp;Stefano L. Sensi","doi":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucli.2023.102852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most frequent form of focal epilepsy. TLE is associated with cardio-autonomic dysfunction and increased cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients over the fifth decade of age. In these subjects, TLE can be classified as early-onset (EOTLE; i.e., patients who had developed epilepsy in their youth) and late-onset (LOTLE; i.e., patients who developed epilepsy in adulthood). Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is useful for assessing cardio-autonomic function and identifying patients with increased CV risk. This study compared changes in HRV occurring in patients over the age of 50, with EOTLE or LOTLE.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We enrolled twenty-seven adults with LOTLE and 23 with EOTLE. Each patient underwent a EEG and EKG recording during 20-minutes of resting state and a 5-minutes hyperventilation (HV). Short-term HRV analysis was performed both in time and frequency domains. Linear Mixed Models (LMM) were used to analyze HRV parameters according to the condition (baseline and HV) and group (LOTLE and EOTLE groups).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Compared to the LOTLE group, the EOTLE group showed significantly decreased LnRMSSD (natural logarithm of the root mean square of the difference between contiguous RR intervals) (p-value=0.05), LnHF ms² (natural logarithm of high frequency absolute power) (p-value=0.05), HF n.u. (high frequency power expressed in normalized units) (p-value=0.008) and HF% (high frequency power expressed in percentage) (p-value=0.01). In addition, EOTLE patients exhibited increased LF n.u. (low frequency power expressed in normalized units) (p-value=0.008) and LF/HF (low frequency/high frequency) ratio (p-value=0.007). During HV, the LOTLE group exhibited a multiplicative effect for the interaction between group and condition with increased LF n.u. (<em>p</em> = 0.003) and LF% (low frequency expressed in percentage) (<em>p</em> = 0.05) values.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>EOTLE is associated with reduced vagal tone compared to LOTLE. Patients with EOTLE may have a higher risk of developing cardiac dysfunction or cardiac arrhythmia than LOTLE patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19134,"journal":{"name":"Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"53 2","pages":"Article 102852"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9669633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}