Journal of Diabetes Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Effects of esaxerenone add-on therapy versus angiotensin II receptor blocker dose escalation on albuminuria and blood pressure in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes: An exploratory randomized study.","authors":"Makoto Ohara, Takemasa Omachi, Nobuaki Takehana, Tomoki Fujikawa, Naoya Osaka, Shunichiro Irie, Michishige Terasaki, Yusaku Mori, Takanori Matsui, Sho-Ichi Yamagishi","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70412","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Residual albuminuria remains a major clinical challenge in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension despite renin-angiotensin system inhibitor therapy. Esaxerenone, a selective nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, reduces albuminuria; however, its effects on oxidative stress remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This 24-week, prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter exploratory trial was conducted in Japan. Hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and albuminuria receiving standard-dose angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy were randomized to angiotensin II receptor blocker dose escalation or esaxerenone add-on therapy. Of 50 randomized patients, 47 were included in the full analysis set and 39 in the final analysis population (20 in the angiotensin II receptor blocker dose-escalation group and 19 in the esaxerenone add-on group). The primary endpoints were changes from baseline to Week 24 in urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and oxidative stress assessed by diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Esaxerenone add-on therapy produced a significantly greater reduction in log-transformed urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio than angiotensin II receptor blocker dose-escalation therapy, with an adjusted between-group ratio of 0.71 (95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.87; p = 0.002). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly lower with esaxerenone. Estimated glomerular filtration rate decreased more with esaxerenone, whereas serum potassium levels did not differ significantly between groups. No significant between-group difference was observed in diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and albuminuria, esaxerenone add-on therapy reduced albuminuria and blood pressure more effectively than angiotensin II receptor blocker dose escalation but did not significantly reduce oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of BCAAs/BCKAs with pancreatic steatosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jie Gao, Pijun Cheng, Fusong Jiang, Wenmin Li, Yingying Shi, Wenjun Wang, Liang Wang, Tao Lei, Yunxiang Zang, Jun Lu","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70400","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To examine the association between branched-chain α-keto acids (BCKAs) and pancreatic steatosis in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2023 to March 2025. Upper abdominal computerized tomography was performed, pancreatic volume (PV), PV index (PVI), CT attenuation of pancreas (CTA_P), and CTA_p/s were then calculated. Levels of serum BCKAs and BCAAs were determined by ELISA kits. Partial correlation and linear regression analysis were performed to investigate the relationship between BCKA and pancreatic parameters. Mediating models were employed to explore the role of BMI in the relationship between BCKA and pancreatic parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in median PV, PVI, CTAp, and CTAp/s according to BCKA tertiles (all p < 0.05). BCKAs were positively associated with PV and PVI but negatively correlated with CTAp and CTAp/s after adjustment for age and gender (all P < 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that BCKA was associated with PV, CTAp, and CTAp/s after adjustment for confounders in all models (Model 1, Model 2, Model 3) (all P < 0.05). There existed no significant association of BCAA with pancreatic parameters after adjustment for confounders. Mediation analysis suggested that BMI played approximately 20% indirect effect in the relationship between BCKAs and PV or CTAp/s.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum BCKAs rather than BCAAs were associated with PV and CTAp in T2DM patients, indicating an association between BCAA malmetabolism and pancreatic steatosis. Additionally, obesity may serve as a mediator between BCKAs and pancreatic steatosis, which should be validated by prospective cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum-derived microribonucleic acids as potential novel biomarkers for slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Hideyuki Okuma, Takahiro Tsutsumi, Masashi Ichijo, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Kyoichiro Tsuchiya","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70402","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to identify microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) that could serve as biomarkers for slowly progressive type 1 diabetes mellitus (SPIDDM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of adult patients with SPIDDM who fulfilled the criteria for SPIDDM (definite) (n = 60), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (n = 59), and healthy controls (n = 50) to analyze the serum expression levels of 40 miRNAs reported to be altered in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults and type 1 diabetes using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, specifically analyzing serum collected at the time of diagnosis as SPIDDM (probable) in the SPIDDM group. For miRNAs showing significant differences between the groups, we performed logistic regression analysis. In the SPIDDM group, we performed linear regression analysis on miRNAs correlated with the C-peptide index (CPI) at the last outpatient visit as identified by Spearman's rank correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serum expression levels of miR-143-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-223-3p, and miR-517b-3p differed significantly in the SPIDDM group compared with the type 2 diabetes mellitus and control groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis distinguishing SPIDDM from type 2 diabetes mellitus revealed miR-21-5p, miR-223-3p, and miR-517b-3p as independent discriminators. Correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that miR-150-5p was selected as an independent predictor of CPI at the last outpatient visit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified serum miRNAs as potential biomarkers in adult patients with SPIDDM, particularly miR-150-5p as a candidate marker for predicting subsequent decline in insulin secretion.</p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13435297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Association between continuous glucose monitoring metrics and diabetic retinopathy and albuminuria among Japanese individuals with type 1 diabetes\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70356","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148215848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence: Effects of short-term tofogliflozin treatment on insulin secretory capacity in type 2 diabetes: Insights and future directions.","authors":"Gargi Bisht, Nitin Kumar Indora","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70351","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70351","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1440-1441"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological and statistical considerations on calebin A-mediated nephroprotection in diabetic nephropathy.","authors":"Yindan Song, Lina Yan","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70336","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70336","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399173/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147925091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taiwanese consensus statement on the use of diabetes-specific formula: Scientific evidence.","authors":"Chih-Hsun Chu, Hui-Yu Peng, Chun-Chuan Lee, Chih-Yuan Wang, Yuh-Jane Ko, Wen-Hui Chen, Pi-Hui Hsu, Chien-Ning Huang, Yi-Sun Yang, Kuei-Mei Yeh, Chung-Mei Ouyang, Horng-Yih Ou","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70329","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Medical Nutrition Therapy remains the cornerstone of diabetes management. Clinical evidence shows that early intervention with medical nutrition therapy can significantly improve cardiometabolic markers, thereby delaying or preventing diabetes-related complications. As part of medical nutrition therapy, diabetes-specific formula has proven to be an effective tool in clinical practice and a viable support alternative in special circumstances where consuming whole foods is challenging. However, Taiwan currently lacks consensus on diabetes-specific formula products, and many patients with diabetes, as well as some healthcare professionals, still hold misconceptions about these products.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address these needs, the Taiwanese Association of Diabetes Educators and the Diabetes Association of the Republic of China, Taiwan, collaborated to form an expert panel to formulate consensus statements on the appropriate use of diabetes-specific formula.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following a comprehensive review of international guidelines and clinical evidence, the panel formulated five consensus statements covering indications, clinical benefits, nutritional composition, and practical applications of diabetes-specific formula.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This consensus provides evidence-based recommendations for integrating diabetes-specific formula into individualized diabetes care, particularly in patients with poor glycemic control, malnutrition, sarcopenia, gestational diabetes, or diabetic kidney disease. These statements are tailored to Taiwan's healthcare system but may serve as a reference for other regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1442-1450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13398663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147979702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Donor Liver Steatosis: A Risk Factor for Early New-Onset Diabetes after Liver Transplantation.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70350","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70350","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148238559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Association between thyroid dysfunction and cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Aysha Khalid, Meva Ram, Romaisa Khalid","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70346","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70346","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic basis of Asian diabetes.","authors":"Takafumi Ojima, Toshimasa Yamauchi","doi":"10.1111/jdi.70409","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jdi.70409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent genomic studies in Asian populations have advanced our understanding of the diagnosis, pathophysiology, risk prediction, and precision care of diabetes. Monogenic diabetes, including maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and mitochondrial diabetes, highlights the importance of genetic diagnosis for subtype-specific care. For type 2 diabetes (T2D), genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using large-scale biobank resources have identified numerous risk loci across the genome. These studies have emphasized characteristic features of East Asian T2D, including onset at lower BMI and relatively greater contributions from beta-cell dysfunction pathway. Genetic studies of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have revealed both T2D-related and predominantly gestational components. For type 1 diabetes (T1D), population-specific HLA and non-HLA immune-related loci and possible links to infectious exposures may partly explain global variation in incidence, including lower rates in Asian populations. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) can support risk stratification for diabetes onset and complications, but their implementation in Asian populations is limited by reduced cross-population transferability. Ancestry-matched and trans-ancestry approaches are therefore needed to improve prediction and reduce disparities. Subtype-aware frameworks, including clinical clustering, pathway-specific PRS, and BMI-stratified PRS, may further improve mechanistic interpretation and prediction. Expanding genomic resources across East, Southeast, and South Asia and promoting cross-biobank studies will be essential for improving diabetes genomic research, PRS validation, and equitable precision diabetes care.</p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}