Journal of Diabetes Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Sleep duration and food intake in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and factors affecting confectionery intake","authors":"Tomoaki Akiyama,&nbsp;Tadashi Yamakawa,&nbsp;Kazuki Orime,&nbsp;Jun Suzuki,&nbsp;Rika Sakamoto,&nbsp;Minori Matsuura-Shinoda,&nbsp;Erina Shigematsu,&nbsp;Kenichiro Takahashi,&nbsp;Mizuki Kaneshiro,&nbsp;Taro Asakura,&nbsp;Shunichi Tanaka,&nbsp;Takehiro Kawata,&nbsp;Yoshihiko Yamada,&nbsp;Tetsuo Isozaki,&nbsp;Atsushi Takahashi,&nbsp;Uru Nezu Osada,&nbsp;Kazuaki Kadonosono,&nbsp;Yasuo Terauchi","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13987","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We carried out a cross-sectional study of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus to elucidate the association between sleep duration and food intake.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 2,887 participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean age 63.0 years; 61.1% men; mean glycated hemoglobin level 7.5%) were included in this study. The participants' self-reported dietary habits and sleep duration were evaluated using a brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, respectively. The participants were categorized into the following four groups based on sleep duration: &lt;6, 6–6.9, 7–7.9 (reference) and ≥8 h.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding energy intake (kcal/day), absolute intake (g/day) or relative intake (% energy) of carbohydrates, total fat, proteins and fibers. However, confectionery intake was higher in the &lt;6 h group and lower in the ≥8 h group than in the reference group after adjustment for confounding factors. In multivariate analysis, sleep durations &lt;6 h and ≥8 h significantly correlated with increased (95% confidence interval 0.55 to 3.6; <i>P</i> = 0.0078) and decreased (95% confidence interval −4.0 to −0.32; <i>P</i> = 0.021) confectionery intake, respectively. Confectionery intake was positively correlated with female sex, glycated hemoglobin level and dyslipidemia, whereas it was negatively correlated with alcohol consumption and current smoking status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Short sleep duration is associated with high confectionery intake in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus; this might disturb their glycemic control. Therefore, short sleepers with type 2 diabetes mellitus could improve their glycemic control by avoiding confectionery intake and maintaining adequate sleep duration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 5","pages":"716-724"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6146724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrocardiogram abnormalities and renal impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A healthcare facilities-based cross-sectional study in Dang district of Nepal","authors":"Mahesh Kumar Khanal,&nbsp;Pratiksha Bhandari,&nbsp;Raja Ram Dhungana,&nbsp;Yadav Gurung,&nbsp;Lal B. Rawal,&nbsp;Gyanendra Pandey,&nbsp;Madan Bhandari,&nbsp;Rijwan Bhuiyan,&nbsp;Surya Devkota,&nbsp;Maximilian de Courten,&nbsp;Barbora de Courten","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13985","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global burden of diabetes mellitus is rising substantially, with a further increase in cardiovascular and kidney disease burden. These public health problems are highly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, including Nepal. However, there is limited evidence on cardiac and renal conditions among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We determined the status of electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities and renal impairment among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nepal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We carried out a cross-sectional study in Tulsipur Sub-Metropolitan City of Nepal using a multistage stratified sampling technique to recruit patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We used World Health Organization stepwise approach to surveillance (WHO STEPS) questionnaires and carried out resting ECG to collect data of 345 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Logistic regression analysis assessed the factors associated with ECG abnormalities and renal impairment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study showed that 6.1% of participants had major ECG abnormalities (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.8–8.6%), which were associated with hypertension (<i>P</i> = 0.01%) and low socioeconomic status (<i>P</i> = 0.01). The proportion of major and/or minor ECG abnormalities was 47.8% (95% CI 40.5–51%), and were significantly associated with age (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07), higher education (OR 3.50, 95% CI 1.31–9.33), unemployment (OR 3.02, 95% CI 1.08–8.48), body mass index (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.17) and duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus &gt;5 years (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.19–4.93). The proportion of renal impairment was 3.5% (95% CI 1.5–4.5%) which was associated with older age (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.00–1.17) and hypertension (OR 12.12, 95% CI 1.07–138.22).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significant proportion of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus had ECG abnormalities and renal impairment, which were significantly associated with hypertension. Therefore, hypertension management and early screening are essential to prevent future cardiorenal complications among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 4","pages":"602-613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6101130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A newly developed glucagon sandwich ELISA is useful for more accurate glucagon evaluation than the currently used sandwich ELISA in subjects with elevated plasma proglucagon-derived peptide levels","authors":"Masaki Kobayashi,&nbsp;Nobuhiro Maruyama,&nbsp;Yukako Yamamoto,&nbsp;Takeshi Togawa,&nbsp;Takanori Ida,&nbsp;Morikatsu Yoshida,&nbsp;Mikiya Miyazato,&nbsp;Masahisa Kitada,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Hayashi,&nbsp;Atsunori Kashiwagi,&nbsp;Tadahiro Kitamura","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13986","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glucagon, a peptide hormone produced from proglucagon, is involved in the pathophysiology of diabetes. Plasma glucagon levels are currently measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), but the currently used sandwich ELISA cross-reacts with proglucagon-derived peptides, thereby providing incorrect results in subjects with elevated plasma proglucagon-derived peptide levels. We aimed to develop a more broadly reliable ELISA for measuring plasma glucagon levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A new sandwich ELISA was developed using newly generated monoclonal antibodies against glucagon. After its validation, plasma glucagon levels were measured with the new ELISA and the currently used ELISA in subjects who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and in outpatients with suspected glucose intolerance. The ELISA results were compared with those from liquid chromatography-high resolution mass (LC-HRMS) analysis, which we previously established as the most accurate measuring system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The new ELISA has high specificity (&lt;1% cross-reactivities) and high sensitivity (a lower range of 0.31 pmol/L). Plasma glucagon values in the subjects who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and some outpatients with suspected glucose intolerance differed between the new ELISA and the currently used ELISA. These subjects also showed markedly high plasma glicentin levels. Despite the elevated plasma glicentin levels, the new ELISA showed better positive correlation with LC-HRMS than did the currently used ELISA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The new ELISA enables more accurate measurement of plasma glucagon than the currently used ELISA, even in subjects with elevated proglucagon-derived peptide levels. It should be clinically useful in elucidating the pathophysiology of individual diabetic patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 5","pages":"648-658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13986","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6052874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luseogliflozin and caloric intake restriction increase superoxide dismutase 2 expression, promote antioxidative effects, and attenuate aortic endothelial dysfunction in diet-induced obese mice","authors":"Shigeru Kawade,&nbsp;Kazuma Ogiso,&nbsp;Sigfrid Casmir Shayo,&nbsp;Takahiko Obo,&nbsp;Aiko Arimura,&nbsp;Hiroshi Hashiguchi,&nbsp;Takahisa Deguchi,&nbsp;Yoshihiko Nishio","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13981","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims/Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mechanisms underlying the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on aortic endothelial dysfunction in diet-induced obesity are not clearly understood. This study investigated whether SGLT2 inhibition by luseogliflozin improved free fatty acid (FFA)-induced endothelial dysfunction in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mice were fed a control diet or high-fat diet for 8 weeks, and then each diet with or without luseogliflozin was provided for an additional 8 weeks under free or paired feeding. Afterward, the thoracic aortas were removed and utilized for the experiments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Luseogliflozin treatment decreased body weight, fasting blood glucose, insulin, and total cholesterol in HFD-fed mice only under paired feeding but not under free feeding. Endothelial-dependent vasodilation under FFA exposure conditions was significantly lower in HFD-fed mice than in control diet-fed mice, and luseogliflozin treatment ameliorated FFA-induced endothelial dysfunction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by FFA was significantly increased in HFD-induced obese mice. Luseogliflozin treatment increased the expression of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), an antioxidative molecule, and reduced FFA-induced ROS production in the thoracic aorta. Superoxide dismutase reversed FFA-induced endothelial dysfunction in HFD-fed mice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It was shown that caloric restriction is important for the effect of luseogliflozin on metabolic parameters and endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, SGLT2 inhibition by luseogliflozin possibly ameliorates FFA-induced endothelial dysfunction by increasing SOD2 expression and decreasing reactive oxygen species production in the thoracic aorta.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 4","pages":"548-559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13981","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5929504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which comes first in type 1 diabetes: Autoimmunity or dysglycemia?","authors":"Hiroshi Ikegami","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13984","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A recent study by Warncke <i>et al.</i> suggested that islet autoimmunity is associated with or preceded by insults or changes to the pancreatic islets that impair glucose homeostasis, raising the possibility that β-cell insult occurs first, followed by autoimmunity to islets.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 5","pages":"645-647"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13984","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6070466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No change in small low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with pemafibrate might explain the negative results of the PROMINENT trial","authors":"Tsutomu Hirano","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13983","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To the Editor</p><p>The Pemafibrate to Reduce Cardiovascular Outcomes by Reducing Triglycerides in Patients with Diabetes (PROMINENT) trial was recently published in the <i>New England of Journal of Medicine</i>,<span>¹</span> and failed to show a preventive effect of pemafibrate on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes and dyslipidemia. This study was designed to determine whether pemafibrate, a triglyceride (TG)-lowering drug, can reduce the incidence of ASCVD in hypertriglyceridemic and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol patients, whose low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is controlled &lt;70 mg/dL with statins. As TG-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), especially its remnants, are considered to be atherogenic, like LDL, it was of interest to see if selective suppression of TRLs with pemafibrate would reduce CV events. The results showed that lowering TRL with pemafibrate did not lead to a reduction in CV events, suggesting that TRL does not play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis when LDL-C is tightly controlled. The results of this study will further solidify LDL's status as an unrivaled atherogenic lipoprotein.</p><p>LDL includes both large buoyant LDL and small density (sd) LDL particles, the latter of which are more atherogenic than the former. Recent large cohort studies showed that sdLDL-C is a powerful biomarker for ASCVD beyond LDL-C. It is well documented that sdLDL-C levels are substantially elevated in hypertriglyceridemic diabetes. As sdLDL-C is positively correlated with TG, pemafibrate treatment should reduce sdLDL-C by its TG-lowering effect. If so, why did the favorable change in LDL composition not lead to a reduction in CV events? Sampson <i>et al</i>.<span>²</span> proposed a formula for calculating sdLDL-C using LDL-C and TG as variables, based on our established direct sdLDL-C measurement.<span>³</span> They also showed that calculated sdLDL-C is a strong predictor of ASCVD.<span>³</span> As the PROMINENT study showed actual values of TG, total-C and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol at baseline, and 4 and 12 months,<span>¹</span> sdLDL-C can be calculated. Table 1 shows calculated sdLDL-C in the PROMINENT study. Surprisingly, sdLDL-C levels were almost identical in the pemafibrate and placebo groups. This is supported by the fact that levels of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B, known as surrogate markers for sdLDL-C, were not reduced by pemafibrate.<span>¹</span> In the phase III study, pemafibrate alone or in combination with pemafibrate and a statin reduced the sdLDL fraction, but in the PROMINENT study, pemafibrate did not reduce the calculated value of sdLDL-C. A possible reason for this is that most participants in the phase III study had higher baseline LDL-C concentrations than in the PROMINENT trial, in which most participants received intensive st","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 4","pages":"630-631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5847479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update information on type 1 diabetes in children/adolescents and adults","authors":"Junnosuke Miura,&nbsp;Yasuko Uchigata","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13961","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2000, the world's age-adjusted prevalence of type 1 diabetes with onset under 15 years was reported using data from 1990 to 1994<span>¹</span>. The lowest incidence rate (/10⁵ person-years) was 0.1 in China and Venezuela, and the highest was 36.8 in Sardinia and 36.5 in Finland; revealing a difference of more than 350-fold between the lowest and highest incidence rates. Other high-incidence countries included Sweden, Norway, Canada, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand. East Asia belonged to the low incidence group, and Japan had an incidence rate of 1.1–2.2. In Asia and Africa, with an overall low incidence rate, the incidence rate is high in girls, while in Europe and the United States, with an overall high incidence rate, it is the same or higher in boys<span>²</span>. Different reasons have been proposed for this discrepancy including genetics, racial differences, epidemiological sampling problems, autoimmunity, and pregnancy; however, the mechanism of this discrepancy is not completely understood.</p><p>The 2021 International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Atlas 10th edition<span>³</span> published an estimate of 108,300 (149,500) annual new-onset type 1 diabetes cases under 15 years of age (under 20 years of age). The estimated prevalence was 651,700 (1,211,900), and compared with previous IDF Atlas estimates, there has been an increase in the incidence in many IDF regions. The reasons for this increase in incidence have been not clear, but in addition to the presence of susceptible genomic background in type 1 diabetes, environmental factors including changes milk intake, exposure to heterologous proteins from early birth, and rapid postnatal growth have been proposed to be associated with an increased incidence of type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, lifestyle changes, including a decrease in the morbidity of infectious diseases, have been proposed to affect the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, lifestyle changes, including a decrease in the morbidity of infectious diseases, have been proposed to affect the incidence of type 1 diabetes. The male-to-female ratio of incidence in the countries and regions, described in the previous paragraph, has not changed significantly from the previous state.</p><p>From the end of 2019, it was reported that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2) infection spread worldwide and caused various symptoms. It has been reported that the incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes increased after SARS-Cov-2 infection<span>^{4, 5}</span>. Additionally, there are some reports of type 1 diabetes developing after vaccination against Coronavirus disease (COVID)-19<span>^6-8</span>. However, currently it is impossible to clarify the causal relationship between the COVID-19 ribonucleic acid (RNA)-based vaccine and the onset of type 1 diabetes. As the relationship between the Coxsackie virus and the onset of type 1 diabetes has been r","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 4","pages":"531-534"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5729216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in genetics of type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications","authors":"Nobuhiro Shojima,&nbsp;Toshimasa Yamauchi","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13970","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Type 2 diabetes results from a complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Precision medicine for type 2 diabetes using genetic data is expected to predict the risk of developing diabetes and complications and to predict the effects of medications and life-style intervention more accurately for individuals. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted in European and Asian populations and new genetic loci have been identified that modulate the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Novel loci were discovered by GWAS in diabetic complications with increasing sample sizes. Large-scale genome-wide association analysis and polygenic risk scores using biobank information is making it possible to predict the development of type 2 diabetes. In the ADVANCE clinical trial of type 2 diabetes, a multi-polygenic risk score was useful to predict diabetic complications and their response to treatment. Proteomics and metabolomics studies have been conducted and have revealed the associations between type 2 diabetes and inflammatory signals and amino acid synthesis. Using multi-omics analysis, comprehensive molecular mechanisms have been elucidated to guide the development of targeted therapy for type 2 diabetes and diabetic complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 4","pages":"503-515"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13970","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5847102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms and the strategy for remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Tien-Jyun Chang","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13948","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Type 2 diabetes is no longer seen as being an irreversible natural course, accompanied by progressive beta cell failure and various chronic diabetes related complications. In contrast, remission can be achieved through a personalized approach. It is a paradigm shift in our understanding of type 2 diabetes and it may be necessary to change the concept of type 2 diabetes as an urgent condition requiring rapid intervention rather than a chronic progressive disease.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 3","pages":"351-353"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13948","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"6187238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective properties of DPP-4i: A therapeutic target for dementia prevention in elderly diabetic patients?","authors":"Toshitaka Umemura,&nbsp;Takahiko Kawamura","doi":"10.1111/jdi.13972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.13972","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Possible mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease-related cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus are shown in this figure. DPP-4i may modulate Aβ accumulation in the process of AD-related cognitive impairment.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":190,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Diabetes Investigation","volume":"14 4","pages":"525-527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jdi.13972","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5759055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}