Ethnologia Actualis最新文献_第7页

Suggesting Śāntarasa in Shanti Mandir’s Satsaṅga: Ritual, Performativity and Ethnography in Yogaland 在Shanti Mandir的Satsaṅga中提出Śāntarasa: Yogaland的仪式，表演和民族志

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2018-0005

P. McCartney

{"title":"Suggesting Śāntarasa in Shanti Mandir’s Satsaṅga: Ritual, Performativity and Ethnography in Yogaland","authors":"P. McCartney","doi":"10.2478/eas-2018-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2018-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Satsaṅga is a public domain where ideas related to transcendence and culturallycontingent “Truth” are suggested. This paper combines a longitudinal study of Shanti Mandir’s (www.shantimandir.com) satsaṅga, with close reading of local and non-local literary theories related to the performativity of satsaṅga and the doctrine of appreciating tranquillity (śāntarasavāda). This leads to the possibility of framing satsaṅga as a rasavatkāvya (charming-literature) literary artefact; which we can regard as a type of hybrid campū-rasavat kāvya. Finally, from an interdisciplinary perspective, I provide a novel epistemological bricolage to understand the soteriological and sociological aims of satsaṅga from within the Temple of Peace (Shanti Mandir) organisation, and propose an analytical framework about how satsaṅga operates as a formal learning domain; where sādhaka-s (aspirants) attempt to gain access to a yoga-inspired disposition related to becoming (praśama), embodying and experiencing śānti (tranquillity), which occurs through learning to become śāntamūrti-s (embodiers of tranquillity) by appreciating śāntarasa (the aesthetic mood of tranquillity).","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123784680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Pain: How Does Anthropology Look at it? Suffering of Body and Mind 痛苦:人类学如何看待它?身心之苦

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2018-0006

Ravinder Singh

引用次数: 5

Negotiation of Legitimacy of Witch-Finders in Lusaka 卢萨卡女巫发现者合法性谈判

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2018-0004

Kateřina Mildnerová

{"title":"Negotiation of Legitimacy of Witch-Finders in Lusaka","authors":"Kateřina Mildnerová","doi":"10.2478/eas-2018-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2018-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article aims at legal and illegal activities of Lusaka´s traditional healers within the system of traditional medicine which is primarily anchored in the constitution of traditional healers´ associations. It primarily focuses on witch-finders, whose social status, professional position and authority is constantly negotiated within the formal and informal sector of traditional medicine. Since the late 1990s, the quest for services of traditional healers specialised in witch-finding has gained popularity, particularly amongst the impoverished Lusaka compound-dwellers. Due to the increasing public violence against those denoted as witches, the activities of witch-finders were officially banned by the Witchcraft Act in 1995 and this profession is not officially recognised by the Constitution of Traditional Health Practitioners Association of Zambia (THAPAZ). In spite of the prohibition, there remain many witch-finders in Lusaka who practise witch-finding secretly, in order not to commit an offence they do not openly denounce the name of an alleged witch. Their authority and credibility is threatened by many “official” as well as “unofficial” competitors in the city and it must be constantly reaffirmed and negotiated by introducing innovations. The ability to keep clients and to gain a good reputation thus depends on the originality of their diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. At the same time witch-finders must counter diverse obstacles and uncertainties resulting from their illegal status within the sector of traditional medicine. The author analyses tactics that Lusaka´s witch-finders have developed and employed to negotiate their social status, credibility and authority visà-vis the competition from the “official” traditional healers.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115993670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jimma Town: Foundation and Early Growth from ca. 1830 to 1936 吉玛镇:大约1830年至1936年的建立和早期发展

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2018-0003

Yonas Seifu, John A. Zahorik

{"title":"Jimma Town: Foundation and Early Growth from ca. 1830 to 1936","authors":"Yonas Seifu, John A. Zahorik","doi":"10.2478/eas-2018-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2018-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study deals with the early history of Jimma town and its growth from its foundation until 1936. It explores social, economic and administrative themes, but also attempts to show the interrelationship between these themes. The town of Jimma evolved during this period from being the home-town of a relatively homogenous society and culture into a place of residence for a diverse and increasingly cosmopolitan population. Economically, the story of Jimma during this period is one of both continuity and change. It is a story of continuity because Jimma, which had been a center of trade from the very beginning, continued to be so during this period. There was significant change, however, because unlike the previous decades in which Jimma had served as a point of exchange or transit for elite goods that mostly originated from beyond the borders of the Oromo Kingdom (such as slaves, ivory and musk), during this period the town developed into the chief center for the collection, organization and export of a cash crop that was grown locally (coffee). Economic change, therefore, resulted in both production and exchange. The social, economic and administrative history of Jimma is closely intertwined, however. The mixture of peoples and cultures, as well as the nature of the urban social institutions that evolved in the town, are closely tied to “the cash crop revolution”, which brought streams of permanent and temporary residents to the town; the evolution of the town into a chief administrative center, as well as the introduction of somewhat peculiar administrative and fiscal institutions, came about, at least in part, as a result of the location of the town in the heart of the “coffee country”, as southwestern Ethiopia came to be known. In short, both the urbanity and the urbanization of Jimma can be explained by the story of coffee production and trade. This article documents these processes extensively and accounts for the growth of a major town in modern Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115316763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The Poetry of Antiques: Trade and/in Knowledge among British Antiques Dealers 《古玩之诗:英国古玩商人的贸易与知识》

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2017-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2018-0002

Nicolette Makovicky

{"title":"The Poetry of Antiques: Trade and/in Knowledge among British Antiques Dealers","authors":"Nicolette Makovicky","doi":"10.2478/eas-2018-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2018-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article considers the role of information, communication, and knowledge in processes of exchange and value creation in the British antiques market. As such, it positions itself between the long-standing anthropological interest in the cultural construction of value (see APPADURAI 1986; GRAEBER 2001), and the equally long-standing interest in how asymmetries of information affect consumer behaviour (see AKERLOF 1970). Drawing on ethnographic material gathered over three months of fieldwork amongst antique dealers in the Notting Hill and Kensington Area of London, I aim to through light on what it is that dealers ‘know’ and how this knowledge is translated into profit within the trade. I argue that dealers’ knowledge of objects is encyclopaedic, discursive, and tactile at once and it is gained mainly through many years of handling of objects. Dealers must also keep abreast with the market movement of objects and their prices using this information to gage the potential profit they may accrue from a deal. Both forms of knowledge, I argue, are mobilized at once when a dealer is investing in stock and when he or she seeks to sell an item, in a ritual of show-and-tell that serves to both to verify the quality, condition and authenticity of a piece and to simultaneously negotiate its price.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130246547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Religion and Science: What Can Anthropology Offer? 宗教与科学:人类学能提供什么?

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/eas-2017-0001

P. Skalník

引用次数: 0

“Hare Krishna vs. Shiva Shiva”: Swami Agehananda Bharati, Drugs, and the Mystical State in Hindusim “克里希纳vs湿婆湿婆”:印度教中的斯瓦米·阿格哈南达·巴拉蒂、毒品和神秘状态

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/EAS-2017-0003

Christopher Jason Helton

引用次数: 1

Khitan Perempuan: Who Speaks for the Indonesian Female Circumcision? 契丹Perempuan:谁为印尼女性割礼发声?

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/eas-2017-0004

Vesna Bočko

{"title":"Khitan Perempuan: Who Speaks for the Indonesian Female Circumcision?","authors":"Vesna Bočko","doi":"10.1515/eas-2017-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/eas-2017-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Throughout the paper the author focuses on the ritual of female circumcision in Indonesian Java, more specifically in the city of Yogyakarta. By the help of fieldwork and academic literature she examines this not merely taboo but also legally forbidden practice in the biggest Muslim country in the world. Female circumcision (FC) in Java and Indonesia in general is considered as a daily practice going hand in hand with tradition. The author puts to the foreground the form of circumcision performed in Yogyakarta and its classification as a symbolic and less invasive one. She explains the history of this ritual in the archipelago, national and international regulations and guidelines, analyzes the role of different authorities (state, religious leaders and NGO’s) on the persistence/abundance of FC and as a consequence its ‘globalized’ form (medicalizetion of FC). The author learns and emphasizes that this is a practice taken for granted, whose origin is little known to the interlocutors (the executors and participants of the ritual) and that the existing literature on the subject is insufficient. For such research a careful approach is of key importance and the author frequently utilizes the help of cultural relativism, reductionism and the use of narrative.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128777008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Odzemok: Cultural and Historical Development Odzemok:文化和历史发展

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1515/eas-2017-0006

M. Ivan

引用次数: 1

Maya Timeline in Uaxactun: Calendric Notations on the Mural Paintings at Structure B-XIII 玛雅人在瓦克斯昆的时间轴:b - 13结构壁画上的日历符号

Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/eas-2017-0009

Jakub Špoták

引用次数: 2