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Ethnologia Actualis最新文献

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Folk and Literary Reflections on the Culture of Northwest Coast Indians of the Puget Sound Area of North America 对北美普吉特海湾地区西北海岸印第安人文化的民间与文学反思
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0013
M. Botíková
{"title":"Folk and Literary Reflections on the Culture of Northwest Coast Indians of the Puget Sound Area of North America","authors":"M. Botíková","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Vi Hilbert, collector, performer and activist who worked with the folklore material of the northwestern region, has found somebody to follow in her footsteps in the promotion of the local culture and literature. This somebody is Sherman Alexie, a writer, publicist, poet and scriptwriter who has published around 30 books to date. Like Vi Hilbert, Sherman Alexie, who is three generations younger, proclaims his Native American heritage. He represents it and helps other readers and interested people understand, or join the path towards building this identity. His texts are characterised by a humorous distance as well as an excellent gift of observation. Alexie is one of the most significant figures of the literature of the indigenous Americans and is a textbook example of a new type of narration, which has deep roots in this region and is nurtured. His early works were a great surprise at the time of their publication, both for readers from the Native American community and other Americans. From an ethnological point of view, they are not only a factual source of knowledge, but also provide a perspective for evaluating the culture emically.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"271 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114430786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Contempt of Public Property: the Datooga Salt Fracas and the Resistance against Colonial Definition of Property in Central Tanzania (1923-1927) 对公共财产的蔑视:达图加盐业骚乱与对坦桑尼亚中部殖民地财产定义的反抗(1923-1927)
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0009
S. Mhajida
{"title":"The Contempt of Public Property: the Datooga Salt Fracas and the Resistance against Colonial Definition of Property in Central Tanzania (1923-1927)","authors":"S. Mhajida","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper discusses the Datooga resistance to the British land law as announced by the Land Ordinance in 1923. The discussion centres itself in the provocation that the law implied and commanded on the local Datooga’s ownership and control of the natural resources within the jurisdiction of the chief. The Datooga as shown in the paper were probably the first to openly resist the public ownership of resources as announced by the Ordinance, because for the Datooga the land resources, particularly the salt deposits from Balangida Lalu or any other that fell within the reach and borders of their chief’s power were completely Datooga. The pinnacle of this contradiction is whether local chiefs in colonial Tanganyika understood the limits of what the British had claimed to offer to the local chiefs or they sometimes needed to resist what they considered undesirable situation. The salt fracas in Mbulu district that the paper discusses is an indicator of the irony of colonialism that offered local chiefs political power which the recipients could not use beyond the colonial framework.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115048962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Toponyms and Identity in Hanang’ District: Their Origin and Meaning 汉江地区地名与身份:起源与意义
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0012
Chrispina Alphonce, Eliakimu Sane
{"title":"Toponyms and Identity in Hanang’ District: Their Origin and Meaning","authors":"Chrispina Alphonce, Eliakimu Sane","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article is centred on place identity in Hanang’ District. Informed by the literature about place identity, the study describes the origin and the sociolinguistic meaning of place names following the analysis of 110 names that were collected from different places around Hanang’ District. Snowball sampling was appropriately used to obtain 15 informants for face-to-face interviews. Our analysis revealed that many place names in Hanang’ are predominantly from Datooga language and a few from Kiswahili, Nyaturu, Iraqw, Alagwa and Maasai. The qualitative analysis of the names revealed that the names have informative content deriving from landscape features, plants, people, animals and names of birds, events, activities, and the behaviour of some objects in the place. Sometimes, post-modification is done for descriptive specification. This is to say that marked geographical features and events in a particular place characterise the place in Hanang’. Therefore, place names in Hanang’ serve to describe the people’s history, beliefs, or label important features. There is a trend of shift in a number of place names in Hanang’ as a result of contact with the Bantu speakers. This has, consequently, contributed to the replacement of some indigenous sounds by the Kiswahili sounds that contributed to the loss and/or hybridization of names in terms of spelling and pronunciation.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126802356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Is Leather Skirt Designed by Urameselgwa a Symbol of Datooga’s Identity? Urameselgwa设计的皮裙是Datooga身份的象征吗?
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0008
Emília Bihariová
{"title":"Is Leather Skirt Designed by Urameselgwa a Symbol of Datooga’s Identity?","authors":"Emília Bihariová","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper focuses on the context of a traditional women’s wearing component – a leather skirt – on the example of the contemporary semi-nomadic Datooga1 and ideas, imaginations, and myths which this product of material culture represents. Analysis of the researched material composed from the statements of the daily users (married women) as well as the members of the society on example of the Datooga people (Buradiga subgroup) in a particular locality of Igunga district in Tanzania will demonstrate why the leather skirt, linked and designed by women’s deity Urameselgwa, is considered not only as a sign of marriage from the external perspective through outsider’s eyes, but mostly as an identification factor and strong cultural symbol through the Buradiga’s perception. The author explains how Urameselgwa is presented in the daily routine of the Buradiga’ women and which kind of privilege, so unique among East African pastoralists, is given to them by the wearing of the leather skirt transmitted from one generation to the other.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123895800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
A Semantic Analysis of Personal Names in Datooga Society 达图加社会人名的语义分析
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0011
Mary Zacharia Charwi
{"title":"A Semantic Analysis of Personal Names in Datooga Society","authors":"Mary Zacharia Charwi","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Naming can sometimes be associated with particular situations or someone’s birth. This study intends to find out the association between Datooga names and socio-cultural backgrounds. The study employs a qualitative research approach, in which case the collected data was subjected to descriptive analysis. Data have been collected from Datooga speaking students studying at the Dar es Salaam University College of Education, through Interviews and Questionnaire. The analysis is based on the Kripke’s three arguments in naming as described by Speaks (2007). The theory explains how naming is achieved with reference to the modal argument, the semantic argument and the epistemic argument. The findings of the study have revealed that in the Datooga society, naming is associated with different phenomena particularly time of birth and prevailing situations, traditions, norms and customs.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130545957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Hunting and Hunting-related Practices among the Kushi (Northeastern Nigeria) 库什人的狩猎和与狩猎有关的习俗(尼日利亚东北部)
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0007
Gian Claudio Batic
{"title":"Hunting and Hunting-related Practices among the Kushi (Northeastern Nigeria)","authors":"Gian Claudio Batic","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper deals with the practise of shwɛɛ ‘hunting’ among the Kushi, a Chadic speaking community of northeastern Nigeria. Subsistence hunting is still practised by Kushi, even if its importance and impact have been decreasing over the last few decades. A mental model of the past and present hunting practises are kept alive in the collective imagery by means of oral traditions, an instrument of knowledge transmission ubiquitous to many African societies. Shwɛɛ will be described through an oral text in which the narrator – a Kushi hunter – explains the nature and purposes of hunting along with the series of actions to be performed in order to carry it out properly, i.e. in a manner consistent with the values and social norms in force within the community. The procedural text describes some essential aspects of hunting: the way it is announced and who is allowed to lead it, the specificities of the kind of game that is hunted in terms of consumption and general use, and the traditional beliefs that need to be observed before and during hunting.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"277 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115389615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Search for Indian America 3 [Hľadanie indiánskej Ameriky 3] Conference Report 搜索印第安美洲3 [Hľadanie indiánskej Ameriky 3]会议报告
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0014
Radoslav Hlúšek
{"title":"Search for Indian America 3 [Hľadanie indiánskej Ameriky 3] Conference Report","authors":"Radoslav Hlúšek","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114713593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Adaptation of Sukuma Loanwords in the Western Dialects of Datooga (Taturu) and its Dialectological Implications 达图加西部方言中苏库马外来词的改编及其方言意义
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0010
A. Lusekelo
{"title":"Adaptation of Sukuma Loanwords in the Western Dialects of Datooga (Taturu) and its Dialectological Implications","authors":"A. Lusekelo","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The exchange of linguistic materials between languages which come into contact is indeed reciprocal. The previous accounts of the outcome of contact between Datooga and Sukuma was skewed towards impact of Datooga on Sukuma. Based on ethnolinguistic vitality approach, the Datooga tend to reveal solidarity-related social identity by acquiring their language as a mother tongue. They also reveal prestige-related social identity by acquiring Sukuma language which is the prestigious lingua franca of the Itumba area in Igunga District. Moreover, the Datooga envisaged mechanisms to either isolate out-group members using their ethnonyms. Based on a list of 250 loanwords, this paper highlights the substitutive borrowing of kinship terms and additive borrowing of agricultural terms. The Sukuma loanwords penetrate into the Datooga lexicon.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127570901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Food Festivals and Expectations of Local Development in Northern Italy 意大利北部的美食节和地方发展的期望
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0006
M. Fontefrancesco
{"title":"Food Festivals and Expectations of Local Development in Northern Italy","authors":"M. Fontefrancesco","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This essay offers an ethnographic analysis of the role of food in modern Italian food festivals. Starting from the ethnographic case of Borgonovo, a rural town in Southern Piedmont, and its festival, it highlights the nonlinear role played by food in the festivals and points out gastronomic festivals should be read as a local response of rural, and marginal communities to the phenomenon of their social marginalization.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128502487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Gurraacha: An Indigenous Inter-Ethnic Peace Building and Conflict Resolution Institution among the People of South Central Ethiopia Gurraacha:埃塞俄比亚中南部人民的土著民族间和平建设和冲突解决机构
Ethnologia Actualis Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/eas-2019-0004
L. Kuto, A. Bacha, Gemechu Taye
{"title":"Gurraacha: An Indigenous Inter-Ethnic Peace Building and Conflict Resolution Institution among the People of South Central Ethiopia","authors":"L. Kuto, A. Bacha, Gemechu Taye","doi":"10.2478/eas-2019-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eas-2019-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article deals with Gurraacha institution, which is very important in inter-ethnic peace building and resolving conflict among people of south-central Ethiopia. This institution was named after the Oromo term ‘Gurraacha’ (literally meaning black) to indicate its power in inter-ethnic peace building and conflict resolution. It is one element of Oromo Gadaa system which was established time immemorial to sustain peace between Oromo and non-Oromo neighboring ethnic groups. The data for this study was collected through interview, observation and focus group discussions in 2014 and 2015. As revealed by this study, Gurraacha institution is a guarantee for sustaining peace among people of south-central Ethiopia by managing conflict over boundary, grazing land, looting of cattle and water points. Overall, the study concluded that Gurraacha institution has real significance in inter-ethnic peace-building, sustaining social harmony and inter-ethnic conflict resolution. In Gurraacha institution, people rebuild lost peace and order of Waaqa (God) by performing purification rituals. There is no corruption in Gurraacha institution since all activities are undertaken according to Waaqa’s law and order. There is no false oath in this institution because such act is believed to have negative consequences. The oath of Gurraacha institution which are made during reconciliation process transcend generations. This institution is the model of conflict transformation which is hardly found in today’s world. Therefore, using this indigenous institution for future policy formulation in the country as inter-ethnic peace building and conflict resolution model is important for the realization of sustainable peace and development.","PeriodicalId":190971,"journal":{"name":"Ethnologia Actualis","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121533869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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