Nature Reviews Neurology最新文献_第6页

IDH inhibition in gliomas: from preclinical models to clinical trials 胶质瘤中的 IDH 抑制：从临床前模型到临床试验

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00967-7

Roberta Rudà, Craig Horbinski, Martin van den Bent, Matthias Preusser, Riccardo Soffietti

{"title":"IDH inhibition in gliomas: from preclinical models to clinical trials","authors":"Roberta Rudà, Craig Horbinski, Martin van den Bent, Matthias Preusser, Riccardo Soffietti","doi":"10.1038/s41582-024-00967-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41582-024-00967-7","url":null,"abstract":"Gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumours in adults and cannot usually be cured with standard cancer treatments. Gliomas show intratumoural and intertumoural heterogeneity at the histological and molecular levels, and they frequently contain mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) or IDH2 gene. IDH-mutant adult-type diffuse gliomas are subdivided into grade 2, 3 or 4 IDH-mutant astrocytomas and grade 2 or 3 IDH-mutant, 1p19q-codeleted oligodendrogliomas. The product of the mutated IDH genes, d-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG), induces global DNA hypermethylation and interferes with immunity, leading to stimulation of tumour growth. Selective inhibitors of mutant IDH, such as ivosidenib and vorasidenib, have been shown to reduce D-2-HG levels and induce cellular differentiation in preclinical models and to induce MRI-detectable responses in early clinical trials. The phase III INDIGO trial has demonstrated superiority of vorasidenib, a brain-penetrant pan-mutant IDH inhibitor, over placebo in people with non-enhancing grade 2 IDH-mutant gliomas following surgery. In this Review, we describe the pathway of development of IDH inhibitors in IDH-mutant low-grade gliomas from preclinical models to clinical trials. We discuss the practice-changing implications of the INDIGO trial and consider new avenues of investigation in the field of IDH-mutant gliomas. Gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumours in adults, and they frequently contain mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) or IDH2 gene. Small-molecule inhibitors of mutant IDH are emerging as a new therapeutic strategy for IDH-mutant cancers, and this Review charts their pathway of development for IDH-mutant gliomas.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":28.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140954151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deciphering nociplastic pain: clinical features, risk factors and potential mechanisms 解密非结节性疼痛：临床特征、风险因素和潜在机制

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00966-8

Chelsea M. Kaplan, Eoin Kelleher, Anushka Irani, Andrew Schrepf, Daniel J. Clauw, Steven E. Harte

{"title":"Deciphering nociplastic pain: clinical features, risk factors and potential mechanisms","authors":"Chelsea M. Kaplan, Eoin Kelleher, Anushka Irani, Andrew Schrepf, Daniel J. Clauw, Steven E. Harte","doi":"10.1038/s41582-024-00966-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41582-024-00966-8","url":null,"abstract":"Nociplastic pain is a mechanistic term used to describe pain that arises or is sustained by altered nociception, despite the absence of tissue damage. Although nociplastic pain has distinct pathophysiology from nociceptive and neuropathic pain, these pain mechanisms often coincide within individuals, which contributes to the intractability of chronic pain. Key symptoms of nociplastic pain include pain in multiple body regions, fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive dysfunction, depression and anxiety. Individuals with nociplastic pain are often diffusely tender — indicative of hyperalgesia and/or allodynia — and are often more sensitive than others to non-painful sensory stimuli such as lights, odours and noises. This Review summarizes the risk factors, clinical presentation and treatment of nociplastic pain, and describes how alterations in brain function and structure, immune processing and peripheral factors might contribute to the nociplastic pain phenotype. This article concludes with a discussion of two proposed subtypes of nociplastic pain that reflect distinct neurobiological features and treatment responsivity. Nociplastic pain arises from altered nociception despite the absence of tissue damage. In this Review, the authors summarize the risk factors and clinical presentation of nociplastic pain, and discuss its potential underlying mechanisms, including evidence of CNS, immune and peripheral contributions.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140949382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic protection against Alzheimer disease 预防阿尔茨海默病的基因保护

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00968-6

Lisa Kiani

引用次数: 0

Infant microbiome predicts neurodevelopmental disorders 婴儿微生物组可预测神经发育障碍

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00969-5

Lisa Kiani

引用次数: 0

Blood test for early Parkinson disease diagnosis 用于早期诊断帕金森病的血液检测

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00970-y

Lisa Kiani

引用次数: 0

Nanoprobe for blood–brain barrier changes 检测血脑屏障变化的纳米探针

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00971-x

Lisa Kiani

引用次数: 0

CAR T cells offer hope in glioblastoma CAR T 细胞为胶质母细胞瘤带来希望

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00972-w

Ian Fyfe

引用次数: 0

The clinical importance of suspected non-Alzheimer disease pathophysiology 疑似非阿尔茨海默病病理生理学的临床重要性

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00962-y

Stephanie J. B. Vos, Aurore Delvenne, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Dietmar R. Thal, Pieter Jelle Visser

{"title":"The clinical importance of suspected non-Alzheimer disease pathophysiology","authors":"Stephanie J. B. Vos, Aurore Delvenne, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Dietmar R. Thal, Pieter Jelle Visser","doi":"10.1038/s41582-024-00962-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41582-024-00962-y","url":null,"abstract":"The development of biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) has led to the origin of suspected non-AD pathophysiology (SNAP) — a heterogeneous biomarker-based concept that describes individuals with normal amyloid and abnormal tau and/or neurodegeneration biomarker status. In this Review, we describe the origins of the SNAP construct, along with its prevalence, diagnostic and prognostic implications, and underlying neuropathology. As we discuss, SNAP can be operationalized using different biomarker modalities, which could affect prevalence estimates and reported characteristics of SNAP in ways that are not yet fully understood. Moreover, the underlying aetiologies that lead to a SNAP biomarker profile, and whether SNAP is the same in people with and without cognitive impairment, remains unclear. Improved insight into the clinical characteristics and pathophysiology of SNAP is of major importance for research and clinical practice, as well as for trial design to optimize care and treatment of individuals with SNAP. Suspected non-AD pathophysiology (SNAP) is a biomarker-based concept that describes individuals with normal amyloid and abnormal tau and/or neurodegeneration biomarker status. This Review discusses the origins of the SNAP construct, along with its prevalence, diagnostic and prognostic implications, and underlying neuropathology.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artificial intelligence in epilepsy — applications and pathways to the clinic 人工智能在癫痫中的应用及临床路径

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00965-9

Alfredo Lucas, Andrew Revell, Kathryn A. Davis

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in epilepsy — applications and pathways to the clinic","authors":"Alfredo Lucas, Andrew Revell, Kathryn A. Davis","doi":"10.1038/s41582-024-00965-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41582-024-00965-9","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming health care, and its applications in epilepsy have increased exponentially over the past decade. Integration of AI into epilepsy management promises to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of this complex disorder. However, translation of AI into neurology clinical practice has not yet been successful, emphasizing the need to consider progress to date and assess challenges and limitations of AI. In this Review, we provide an overview of AI applications that have been developed in epilepsy using a variety of data modalities: neuroimaging, electroencephalography, electronic health records, medical devices and multimodal data integration. For each, we consider potential applications, including seizure detection and prediction, seizure lateralization, localization of the seizure-onset zone and assessment for surgical or neurostimulation interventions, and review the performance of AI tools developed to date. We also discuss methodological considerations and challenges that must be addressed to successfully integrate AI into clinical practice. Our goal is to provide an overview of the current state of the field and provide guidance for leveraging AI in future to improve management of epilepsy. Integration of artificial intelligence into epilepsy management could revolutionize diagnosis and treatment. In this Review, the authors provide an overview of artificial intelligence applications that have been developed in epilepsy and discuss challenges that must be addressed to successfully integrate artificial intelligence into clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140881290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: The complex aetiology of cerebral palsy 作者更正：脑瘫的复杂病因。

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-00964-w

Steven J. Korzeniewski, Jaime Slaughter, Madeleine Lenski, Peterson Haak, Nigel Paneth

引用次数: 0