Nature Reviews Neurology最新文献

Epigenetic clocks and DNA methylation biomarkers of brain health and disease 脑健康和疾病的表观遗传时钟和DNA甲基化生物标志物

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01105-7

Eleanor L. S. Conole, Josephine A. Robertson, Hannah M. Smith, Simon R. Cox, Riccardo E. Marioni

{"title":"Epigenetic clocks and DNA methylation biomarkers of brain health and disease","authors":"Eleanor L. S. Conole, Josephine A. Robertson, Hannah M. Smith, Simon R. Cox, Riccardo E. Marioni","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01105-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01105-7","url":null,"abstract":"Ageing has profound effects on the human brain across the lifespan. Cognitive testing and brain imaging are currently used to monitor healthy and pathological brain ageing. However, peripheral markers of cognitive function, cognitive ageing and neurological disease could provide a valuable, minimally invasive approach to tracking these processes longitudinally. In this Review, we introduce the concept of DNA methylation-based biomarkers and present current evidence of their potential to address the challenge of monitoring brain ageing and stratifying the risk of neurological disease. We focus on epigenetic clocks, which can be applied across multiple tissues and organs to estimate biological ageing, as well as on blood-based epigenetic scores (EpiScores) that can directly track brain-based phenotypes, such as cognitive function, and risk factors for neurological diseases, such as lifestyle behaviours and proteomic markers of inflammation. We discuss the associations between these epigenetic biomarkers and multiple measures of cognitive health, including cognitive test data, brain MRI measures and dementia.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

α-Synuclein pathology in LRRK2 Parkinson disease α-突触核蛋白与LRRK2帕金森病的病理关系

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01113-7

Ian Fyfe

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: A neuroscientific model of near-death experiences 作者更正：濒死体验的神经科学模型

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01111-9

Charlotte Martial, Pauline Fritz, Olivia Gosseries, Vincent Bonhomme, Daniel Kondziella, Kevin Nelson, Nicolas Lejeune

引用次数: 0

Benefits of oveporexton in narcolepsy type 1 过度睡眠对1型嗜睡症的益处

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01109-3

Heather Wood

引用次数: 0

Alzheimer disease in Down syndrome linked to APOE 唐氏综合症中的阿尔茨海默病与APOE有关

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01110-w

Heather Wood

引用次数: 0

Ubrogepant alleviates migraine premonitory symptoms ubrogeent缓解偏头痛先兆症状

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01107-5

Heather Wood

引用次数: 0

FTLD-associated proteomic signatures uncovered 发现ftld相关的蛋白质组学特征

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01108-4

Heather Wood

引用次数: 0

Embodiment of structural racism and multiple sclerosis risk and outcomes in the USA 美国结构性种族主义与多发性硬化症风险和结果的体现

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01096-5

Annette M. Langer-Gould, Tara J. Cepon-Robins, Jada Benn Torres, E. Ann Yeh, Theresa E. Gildner

{"title":"Embodiment of structural racism and multiple sclerosis risk and outcomes in the USA","authors":"Annette M. Langer-Gould, Tara J. Cepon-Robins, Jada Benn Torres, E. Ann Yeh, Theresa E. Gildner","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01096-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01096-5","url":null,"abstract":"Disparities in the incidence, prevalence and outcomes of multiple sclerosis (MS) exist in the USA, often to the detriment of Black and Hispanic people. Despite the common misconception that MS is a disease of white people, the incidence is highest in Black people. Disability accumulates faster and at younger ages in Black and Hispanic people with MS than in their white counterparts, and MS-related mortality in early and mid-adulthood is highest in Black people. These differences are often erroneously interpreted as evidence of innate racial or ethnic variations. In this Perspective, we demonstrate how race and ethnicity — social constructs with a limited biological basis that are often assigned by systems of power — can influence biology through lived experiences, a phenomenon termed ‘embodiment’. We review how downstream consequences of structural racism can lead to biological outcomes strongly associated with MS susceptibility, such as imbalanced immune system development, dysregulated immune responses to the Epstein–Barr virus and childhood obesity. We also consider how inequitable health-care access and quality, combined with the younger age of onset and higher comorbidity burdens, might explain racial and ethnic disparities in MS prognosis. Our proposed conceptual model offers a roadmap for generating knowledge and implementing interventions to narrow racial and ethnic disparities in MS susceptibility and outcomes.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144153485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing neurogenetics in Africa: past achievements, current developments and shaping the future 推进非洲神经遗传学：过去的成就、当前的发展和塑造未来

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01098-3

Guida Landouré, Abdoulaye Yalcouyé, Salimata Diarra, Alassane dit Baneye Maiga, Mohamed E. Dembélé, Cheick A. K. Cissé, Abdoulaye Bocoum, Lassana Cissé, Salia Bamba, Oumar Samassékou, Kenneth H. Fischbeck, Barrington G. Burnett

{"title":"Advancing neurogenetics in Africa: past achievements, current developments and shaping the future","authors":"Guida Landouré, Abdoulaye Yalcouyé, Salimata Diarra, Alassane dit Baneye Maiga, Mohamed E. Dembélé, Cheick A. K. Cissé, Abdoulaye Bocoum, Lassana Cissé, Salia Bamba, Oumar Samassékou, Kenneth H. Fischbeck, Barrington G. Burnett","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01098-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01098-3","url":null,"abstract":"Hereditary neurological diseases (HNDs), referring to monogenic forms of neurological diseases, can cause substantial debilitation in affected individuals. They particularly impact developing nations, where the burden of disease is reflected in a high number of disability-adjusted life years lost. In African populations, despite rich genetic diversity, high fertility rates and prevalent consanguinity, genetic research remains under-explored. However, studying these communities holds the promise of uncovering key genes and variants that are essential for understanding both normal and abnormal nervous system functions. The rise of advanced sequencing technologies has enabled the identification of the causative factors underlying numerous hereditary diseases. Yet, many people with HNDs, especially in under-studied African populations, still lack a molecular diagnosis. Initiatives such as H3Africa, backed by the US National Institutes of Health, the Wellcome Trust and the Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Science in Africa, are helping to bridge this gap by empowering African scientists to lead groundbreaking genetic research. This Review highlights the spectrum of HNDs observed in African populations and explores the unique challenges and opportunities in this field. By reflecting on the current state of neurogenetics in Africa and outlining future directions, we aim to inspire progress towards improved health care for those affected by HNDs on the continent.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synapse vulnerability and resilience across the clinical spectrum of dementias. 突触的易损性和恢复力在痴呆的临床谱。

IF 38.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01094-7

Raquel N Taddei,Karen E Duff

{"title":"Synapse vulnerability and resilience across the clinical spectrum of dementias.","authors":"Raquel N Taddei,Karen E Duff","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01094-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01094-7","url":null,"abstract":"Preservation of synapses is crucial for healthy cognitive ageing, and synapse loss is one of the closest anatomical correlates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia. In these conditions, some synapses seem particularly vulnerable to degeneration whereas others are resilient and remain preserved. Evidence has highlighted that vulnerability and resilience are intrinsically distinct phenomena linked to specific brain structural and/or functional signatures, yet the key features of vulnerable and resilient synapses in the dementias remain incompletely understood. Defining the characteristics of vulnerable and resilient synapses in each form of dementia could offer novel insight into the mechanisms of synapse preservation and of synapse loss that underlies cognitive decline, thereby facilitating the discovery of targeted biomarkers and disease-modifying therapies. In this Review, we consider the concepts of synapse vulnerability and resilience, and provide an overview of our current understanding of the associations between synaptic protein changes, neuropathology and cognitive decline. We also consider how understanding of the underlying mechanisms could identify novel strategies to mitigate the cognitive dysfunction associated with dementias.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0