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Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia — the same or different and is it important? 路易体痴呆和帕金森氏痴呆——相同还是不同，重要吗？
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01090-x
YuHong Fu, Glenda M. Halliday
{"title":"Dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson disease dementia — the same or different and is it important?","authors":"YuHong Fu, Glenda M. Halliday","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01090-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01090-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biological definitions of neurological diseases are now becoming a reality, although still in the research phase. This development will recategorize neurological diseases, providing objective diagnostics and the promise of therapeutics that target biological mechanisms — similar to the strategy that has proven successful in tumours and other conditions. In this Perspective article, we discuss this development for dementias with dominant Lewy pathology, as the availability of biological assays for this pathology has sparked new interest in a single disease diagnosis for all individuals positive for α-synuclein. On the basis of current evidence, we argue that an α-synuclein assay alone is unlikely to be a specific criterion for a spectrum of clinical syndromes with Lewy pathology or a definitive diagnostic marker for Lewy body dementia. We advocate that one biological assay will not reflect the complex spatiotemporal features of brain pathology. Diverse sequential mechanisms underpin the highly heterogeneous phenotypes and clinicopathological processes of Lewy body dementias. Disease modification, if possible, will be most effective when it targets the early underlying mechanisms, especially those leading to aggressive phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143933459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mind over microplastics — what we still don’t know 关注微塑料——我们还不知道的
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01097-4
Michael Aschner
{"title":"Mind over microplastics — what we still don’t know","authors":"Michael Aschner","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01097-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01097-4","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics have been observed in human brain tissue for the first time, and higher levels were associated with dementia. However, important questions remain about the mechanisms of microplastic accumulation and clearance, the influence of environmental factors such as geographical location, and whether the association with dementia reflects cause or effect.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143915269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nir Giladi (1955–2024)
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01095-6
Bastiaan R. Bloem
{"title":"Nir Giladi (1955–2024)","authors":"Bastiaan R. Bloem","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01095-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01095-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nir Giladi was truly a man on a mission. His rich career was dedicated to fulfilling a beautiful dream: finding a treatment that would slow or stop the progression of Parkinson disease (PD) and ultimately finding a cure. That he was not given enough time to realize these breakthroughs is incredibly sad, yet his legacy is enormous.</p><p>Nir was also among the first to understand that walking and standing involve an important degree of cognitive control<sup>3</sup>, leading him to organize several successful international congresses that focused specifically on the bidirectional interaction between gait and cognitive function. In addition, realizing that conventional medical management is often insufficient to alleviate the disability caused by PD, Nir was a leading figure in the development of multidisciplinary care for people with PD. For him, this concept did not just involve multiple professional disciplines delivering optimal care for patients — he insisted on working closely with affected individuals. Indeed, patient-centeredness was core to his approach, and was palpable throughout his centre of excellence in Tel Aviv.</p>","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143920121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy 自身免疫性脑炎相关癫痫
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-05-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01089-4
Claude Steriade, Jan Bauer, Christian G. Bien
{"title":"Autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy","authors":"Claude Steriade, Jan Bauer, Christian G. Bien","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01089-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01089-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Autoimmune encephalitis (AE), defined by clinical criteria and its frequent association with neural autoantibodies, often manifests with seizures, which usually stop with immunotherapy. However, a subset of encephalitic conditions present with recurrent seizures that are resistant to immunotherapy. Three primary neurological constellations that fall within this subset are discussed in this Perspective: temporal lobe epilepsy with antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase, epilepsy in the context of high-risk paraneoplastic antibodies, and epilepsy following adequately treated surface antibody-mediated AE. These entities all share a common mechanism of structural injury and potentially epileptogenic focal neural loss, often induced by cytotoxic T cells. Recently, we have proposed conceptualizing these conditions under the term autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy (AEAE). Here, we discuss the new concept of AEAE as an emerging field of study. We consider the clinical characteristics of patients who should be investigated for AEAE and highlight the need for judicious use of traditional epilepsy therapeutics alongside immunotherapeutic considerations that are of uncertain and incomplete efficacy for this group of disorders. Last, we discuss future efforts needed to diagnose individuals before structural epileptogenesis has superseded inflammation and to develop improved therapeutics that target the specific immunological or functional disturbances in this entity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"134 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Implications of AD plasma and PET biomarker discordance AD血浆和PET生物标志物不一致的意义
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01091-w
Charlotte E. Teunissen, Lisa Vermunt
{"title":"Implications of AD plasma and PET biomarker discordance","authors":"Charlotte E. Teunissen, Lisa Vermunt","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01091-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01091-w","url":null,"abstract":"Plasma biomarker tests for Alzheimer disease are becoming increasingly reliable, which enables implementation in clinical settings in which cerebrospinal fluid analysis and PET scans are unavailable. However, a new study shows that some patients have discordant plasma and PET biomarker results. Clinicians need clear guidance to identify and manage patients who do not fit into standard clinical or biological categories.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alzheimer disease seen through the lens of sex and gender 从性和性别角度看阿尔茨海默病
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01071-0
Laura Castro-Aldrete, Melanie Einsiedler, Julie Novakova Martinkova, Herman Depypere, Ting Fang Alvin Ang, Michelle M. Mielke, Shireen Sindi, Harris A. Eyre, Rhoda Au, Anne Marie Schumacher Dimech, Anna Dé, Cassandra Szoeke, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Antonella Santuccione Chadha
{"title":"Alzheimer disease seen through the lens of sex and gender","authors":"Laura Castro-Aldrete, Melanie Einsiedler, Julie Novakova Martinkova, Herman Depypere, Ting Fang Alvin Ang, Michelle M. Mielke, Shireen Sindi, Harris A. Eyre, Rhoda Au, Anne Marie Schumacher Dimech, Anna Dé, Cassandra Szoeke, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Antonella Santuccione Chadha","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01071-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01071-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alzheimer disease (AD) is a life-limiting neurodegenerative disorder that disproportionately affects women. Indeed, sex and gender are emerging as crucial modifiers of diagnostic and therapeutic pathways in AD. This Review provides an overview of the interactions of sex and gender with important developments in AD and offers insights into priorities for future research to facilitate the development and implementation of personalized approaches in the shifting paradigm of AD care. In particular, this Review focuses on the influence of sex and gender on important advances in the treatment and diagnosis of AD, including disease-modifying therapies, fluid-based biomarkers, cognitive assessment tools and multidomain lifestyle interventional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Women’s neurology: a growing subspeciality to tackle sex and gender disparities 女性神经病学：应对性和性别差异的不断发展的亚专科
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01088-5
Lisa Kiani
{"title":"Women’s neurology: a growing subspeciality to tackle sex and gender disparities","authors":"Lisa Kiani","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01088-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01088-5","url":null,"abstract":"Nature Reviews Neurology is interviewing individuals who are driving efforts to address disparities in neurology through a broad spectrum of diversity, equity and inclusion initiatives. We spoke with neurologist Esther Bui from Canada about her work to improve neurological health for women. We spoke with neurologist Esther Bui from Canada about her work to improve neurological health for women.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microglia underlie amyloid-β clearance in immunized people with Alzheimer disease 小胶质细胞是阿尔茨海默病免疫患者清除淀粉样蛋白β的基础
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01084-9
Lisa Kiani
{"title":"Microglia underlie amyloid-β clearance in immunized people with Alzheimer disease","authors":"Lisa Kiani","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01084-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01084-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A study published in <i>Nature Medicine</i> has found that microglia are responsible for amyloid-β (Aβ) clearance in people with Alzheimer disease (AD) treated with Aβ immunotherapies.</p><p>Transcriptomic analysis of frontal cortex sections revealed brain region-specific differential expression of genes involved in microglial function in people with AD treated with active Aβ immunotherapy AN1792, as compared with untreated individuals. Established AD risk genes that are involved in the microglial response, including <i>TREM2</i> and <i>APOE</i>, were among the upregulated genes in treated individuals, and their expression correlated positively with Aβ removal. Similar results were observed in one individual treated with the approved monoclonal antibody lecanamab.</p>","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pharmacological rehabilitation for stroke 脑卒中的药物康复
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01087-6
Lisa Kiani
{"title":"Pharmacological rehabilitation for stroke","authors":"Lisa Kiani","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01087-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01087-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Synapse formation in parvalbumin-expressing interneurons underlies motor improvements following post-stroke rehabilitation and offers a drug target for stroke recovery, new research suggests. Task-based rehabilitation training in a mouse model of stroke selectively enhanced the synaptic input from parvalbumin interneurons to neurons that projected to the site of stroke induction, which resulted in motor recovery. Furthermore, the same outcome was achieved through pharmacological enhancement of parvalbumin interneuron function. The results demonstrate the potential of developing a rehabilitation drug for stroke — an area in which pharmacological therapies are currently lacking.</p><blockquote><p>“The results demonstrate the potential of developing a rehabilitation drug for stroke”</p></blockquote>","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neurofilament light chain induces neuroinflammation 神经丝轻链诱导神经炎症
IF 38.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-025-01085-8
Lisa Kiani
{"title":"Neurofilament light chain induces neuroinflammation","authors":"Lisa Kiani","doi":"10.1038/s41582-025-01085-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-025-01085-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Neurofilament light chain (NfL) released from damaged neurons induces neuroinflammation, according to new research. NfL is used as a biomarker for many neurodegenerative diseases, but was not previously known to contribute to disease processes.</p><p>Glutamate-induced stress in primary neuronal cultures resulted in a twofold increase in NfL release from baseline, which was dependent on calpain proteolysis and correlated with neuronal degradation. Transcriptomic analysis of mouse hippocampal cells showed activation of microglia following NfL injection. Moreover, NfL knockout in the SOD1 mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) reduced microgliosis and motor neuron loss, and delayed symptom onset.</p>","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"272 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":38.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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