Nature Reviews Neurology最新文献_第7页

α-Synuclein pathology as a target in neurodegenerative diseases 作为神经退行性疾病靶点的 α-突触核蛋白病理变化

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01043-w

Hyejin Park, Tae-In Kam, Valina L. Dawson, Ted M. Dawson

{"title":"α-Synuclein pathology as a target in neurodegenerative diseases","authors":"Hyejin Park, Tae-In Kam, Valina L. Dawson, Ted M. Dawson","doi":"10.1038/s41582-024-01043-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41582-024-01043-w","url":null,"abstract":"α-Synuclein misfolds into pathological forms that lead to various neurodegenerative diseases known collectively as α-synucleinopathies. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of pivotal advances in α-synuclein research. We examine structural features and physiological functions of α-synuclein and summarize current insights into key post-translational modifications, such as nitration, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation and truncation, considering their contributions to neurodegeneration. We also highlight the existence of disease-specific α-synuclein strains and their mechanisms of pathological spread, and discuss seed amplification assays and PET tracers as emerging diagnostic tools for detecting pathological α-synuclein in clinical settings. We also discuss α-synuclein aggregation and clearance mechanisms, and review cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous processes that contribute to neuronal death, including the roles of adaptive and innate immunity in α-synuclein-driven neurodegeneration. Finally, we highlight promising therapeutic approaches that target pathological α-synuclein and provide insights into emerging areas of research. In this Review, the authors provide a comprehensive overview of our current understanding of the involvement of α-synuclein in neurodegenerative diseases and highlight therapeutic approaches that target pathological α-synuclein.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"21 1","pages":"32-47"},"PeriodicalIF":28.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moving beyond immunoglobulin therapy for CIDP with efgartigimod 依加替莫德超越免疫球蛋白疗法治疗 CIDP

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01045-8

Jan D. Lünemann

引用次数: 0

Diets to promote healthy brain ageing 促进大脑健康老化的饮食

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01036-9

Sokratis Charisis, Mary Yannakoulia, Nikolaos Scarmeas

{"title":"Diets to promote healthy brain ageing","authors":"Sokratis Charisis, Mary Yannakoulia, Nikolaos Scarmeas","doi":"10.1038/s41582-024-01036-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41582-024-01036-9","url":null,"abstract":"Diet is a modifiable lifestyle factor with a proven role in cardiovascular disease risk reduction that might also play an important part in cognitive health. Evidence from observational studies has linked certain healthy dietary patterns to cognitive benefits. However, clinical trials of diet interventions have demonstrated either null or, at best, small effects on cognitive outcomes. In this Review, we summarize the currently available evidence from observational epidemiology and clinical trials regarding the potential role of diet in the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia. We further discuss possible methodological limitations that might have hindered the ability of previous diet intervention trials to capture potential neuroprotective effects. Considering the overwhelming and continuously expanding societal, economic and health-care burden of Alzheimer disease and other dementias, future nutritional research must address past methodological challenges to accurately and reliably inform clinical practice guidelines and public health policies. Within this scope, we provide a roadmap for future diet intervention trials for dementia prevention. We discuss study designs involving both intensive personalized interventions — to evaluate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, establish neuroprotective thresholds, and test hypothesized biological mechanisms and effects on brain health and cognition through sensitive and precise biomarker measures — and large-scale, pragmatic public health interventions to study population-level benefits. This Review summarizes the evidence for the role of diet in cognitive health, and it explores the limitations of diet intervention trials, which have yet to robustly support observational findings. The authors discuss potential underlying mechanisms and offer strategies for future trials to enhance the understanding of the role of diet in dementia prevention.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"21 1","pages":"5-16"},"PeriodicalIF":28.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intracerebral haemorrhage — mechanisms, diagnosis and prospects for treatment and prevention 脑出血--机制、诊断以及治疗和预防前景。

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01035-w

David J. Seiffge, Simon Fandler-Höfler, Yang Du, Martina B. Goeldlin, Wilmar M. T. Jolink, Catharina J. M. Klijn, David J. Werring

{"title":"Intracerebral haemorrhage — mechanisms, diagnosis and prospects for treatment and prevention","authors":"David J. Seiffge, Simon Fandler-Höfler, Yang Du, Martina B. Goeldlin, Wilmar M. T. Jolink, Catharina J. M. Klijn, David J. Werring","doi":"10.1038/s41582-024-01035-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41582-024-01035-w","url":null,"abstract":"Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating condition associated with high mortality and substantial residual disability among survivors. Effective treatments for the acute stages of ICH are limited. However, promising findings from randomized trials of therapeutic strategies, including acute care bundles that target anticoagulation therapies, blood pressure control and other physiological parameters, and trials of minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures have led to renewed optimism that patient outcomes can be improved. Currently ongoing areas of research for acute treatment include anti-inflammatory and haemostatic treatments. The implementation of effective secondary prevention strategies requires an understanding of the aetiology of ICH, which involves vascular and brain parenchymal imaging; the use of neuroimaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease improves classification with prognostic relevance. Other data underline the importance of preventing not only recurrent ICH but also ischaemic stroke and cardiovascular events in survivors of ICH. Ongoing and planned randomized controlled trials will assess the efficacy of prevention strategies, including antiplatelet agents, oral anticoagulants or left atrial appendage occlusion (in patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation), and optimal management of long-term blood pressure and statin use. Together, these advances herald a new era of improved understanding and effective interventions to reduce the burden of ICH. Effective treatments for the acute stages of intracerebral haemorrhage are currently limited. In this Review, the authors consider advances in therapeutic strategies and neurosurgical procedures, including acute care bundles, that promise a new era of interventions.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"20 12","pages":"708-723"},"PeriodicalIF":28.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142638484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dementia risk scores in diverse populations 不同人群的痴呆症风险评分

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01039-6

Lisa Kiani

引用次数: 0

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cell transplant for MS 少突胶质祖细胞移植治疗多发性硬化症

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01038-7

Lisa Kiani

引用次数: 0

High prevalence of hepatitis B in NMOSD 非传染性疾病中乙型肝炎的高发病率

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01037-8

Lisa Kiani

引用次数: 0

Glymphatic dysfunction in PD clinical progression 淋巴功能障碍与帕金森病临床进展的关系

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01040-z

Lisa Kiani

引用次数: 0

Immune responses influence sex differences in Alzheimer disease 免疫反应影响阿尔茨海默病的性别差异

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01044-9

Ian Fyfe

引用次数: 0

Parkinson disease therapy: current strategies and future research priorities 帕金森病治疗：当前战略和未来研究重点

IF 28.2 1区医学

Nature Reviews Neurology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-024-01034-x

Fabrizio Stocchi, Daniele Bravi, Aron Emmi, Angelo Antonini

{"title":"Parkinson disease therapy: current strategies and future research priorities","authors":"Fabrizio Stocchi, Daniele Bravi, Aron Emmi, Angelo Antonini","doi":"10.1038/s41582-024-01034-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41582-024-01034-x","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurological disorder globally and poses substantial management challenges owing to progressive disability, emergence of levodopa-resistant symptoms, and treatment-related complications. In this Review, we examine the current state of research into PD therapies and outline future priorities for advancing our understanding and treatment of the disease. We identify two main research priorities for the coming years: first, slowing the progression of the disease through the integration of sensitive biomarkers and targeted biological therapies, and second, enhancing existing symptomatic treatments, encompassing surgical and infusion therapies, with the goal of postponing complications and improving long-term patient management. The path towards disease modification is impeded by the multifaceted pathophysiology and diverse mechanisms underlying PD. Ongoing studies are directed at α-synuclein aggregation, complemented by efforts to address specific pathways associated with the less common genetic forms of the disease. The success of these efforts relies on establishing robust end points, incorporating technology, and identifying reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and continuous monitoring of disease progression. In the context of symptomatic treatment, the focus should shift towards refining existing approaches and fostering the development of novel therapeutic strategies that target levodopa-resistant symptoms and clinical manifestations that substantially impair quality of life. Parkinson disease (PD) poses substantial management challenges owing to progressive disability and emergence of levodopa-resistant symptoms and treatment-related complications. This Review examines the current state of research into symptomatic and disease-modifying PD therapies and outlines future priorities for advancing our understanding and treatment of the disease.","PeriodicalId":19085,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Neurology","volume":"20 12","pages":"695-707"},"PeriodicalIF":28.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0