Nature Human Behaviour最新文献

{"title":"Predicting surprise across contexts","authors":"Marta Čeko","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02036-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-02036-x","url":null,"abstract":"How our brains process unexpected events is a central question in neuroscience. A study now identifies a distributed brain network that is predictive of processing unexpected events across contexts that vary in content and complexity, which advances our understanding of the neural basis that underlies the experience of surprise.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 3","pages":"437-438"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethics of genomic research on occupational status","authors":"Daphne Oluwaseun Martschenko","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02082-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-02082-5","url":null,"abstract":"Genomic studies of social outcomes raise ethical considerations that heighten researcher obligations to responsibly conduct and communicate their work. A study by Akimova et al. finds that most intergenerational transmission of occupational status can be ascribed to nongenetic factors, and raises questions of how such knowledge should be used and how it might be misused.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 2","pages":"245-247"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stable isotope evidence for pre-colonial maize agriculture and animal management in the Bolivian Amazon","authors":"Tiago Hermenegildo, Heiko Prümers, Carla Jaimes Betancourt, Patrick Roberts, Tamsin C. O’Connell","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02070-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-02070-9","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decade, multidisciplinary research has seen the Amazon Basin go from a context perceived as unfavourable for food production and large-scale human societies to one of ‘garden cities’, domestication, and anthropogenically influenced forests and soils. Nevertheless, direct insights into human interactions with particular crops and especially animals remain scarce across this vast area. Here we present new stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data from 86 human and 68 animal remains dating between ce ~700 and 1400 from the Llanos de Mojos, Bolivia. We show evidence of human reliance on maize agriculture in the earliest phases before a reduction in the dietary importance of this crop between ce 1100 and 1400. We also provide evidence that muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata), the only known domesticated vertebrate in the South American lowlands, had substantial maize intake suggesting intentional feeding, or even their domestication, from as early as ce 800. Our data provide insights into human interactions with Amazonian ecosystems, including direct evidence for human management of animals in pre-colonial contexts, further enriching our understanding of human history in what was once considered a ‘counterfeit paradise’. In the Bolivian Amazon, analyses of preserved human bone collagen show evidence of maize staple diets between ce 700 and 1400, as well as management of muscovy ducks, one of the few animals from the Americas to be domesticated.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 3","pages":"464-471"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-02070-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incorporate climate injustice into carbon labels","authors":"Zia Mehrabi, Ginni Braich","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02087-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-02087-0","url":null,"abstract":"Labelling human impacts on products and services and embedding human rights in climate communication could contextualize carbon emissions for consumers and incentivize companies to accelerate the move to net zero.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 2","pages":"237-239"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between the youth-led Fridays for Future climate movement and voting, politician and media behaviour in Germany","authors":"Marc Fabel, Matthias Flückiger, Markus Ludwig, Helmut Rainer, Maria Waldinger, Sebastian Wichert","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02075-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-02075-4","url":null,"abstract":"We study the relationship between the Fridays for Future climate protest movement in Germany and citizen political behaviour. In 2019, crowds of young protesters, mostly under voting age, demanded immediate climate action. Exploiting cell-phone-based mobility data and hand-collected information on nearly 4,000 climate protests, we created a highly disaggregated measure of protest participation. Using this measure, we show that Green Party vote shares increased more in counties with higher protest participation (n = 960). To address the possibility of non-random protest participation, we used various empirical strategies. When we examined mechanisms, we found evidence for three relevant factors: reverse intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental attitudes from children to parents (n = 76,563), stronger climate-related social media presence by Green Party politicians (n = 197,830) and increased local media coverage of environmental issues (n = 47,060). Our findings suggest that youth protests may initiate the societal change needed to overcome the climate crisis. Fabel et al. find that youth participation in the Fridays for Future climate movement relates to Green Party vote shares in Germany through the transmission of pro-environmental attitudes, social media presence and media coverage of environmental issues.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 3","pages":"481-495"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliable long-term individual variation in wild chimpanzee technological efficiency","authors":"S. Berdugo, E. Cohen, A. J. Davis, T. Matsuzawa, S. Carvalho","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02071-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-02071-8","url":null,"abstract":"Variation in the efficiency of extracting calorie-rich and nutrient-dense resources directly impacts energy expenditure and potentially has important repercussions for cultural transmission where social learning strategies are used. Assessing variation in efficiency is key to understanding the evolution of complex behavioural traits in primates. Here we examine evidence for individual-level differences beyond age- and sex-class in non-human primate extractive foraging efficiency. We used 25 years (1992–2017) of video of 21 chimpanzees aged ≥6 years in Bossou, Guinea, to longitudinally investigate individual-level differences in stone tool use efficiency. Data from 3,882 oil-palm nut-cracking bouts from >800 h of observation were collected. We found reliability in relative efficiency across four measures of nut-cracking efficiency, as well as a significant effect of age. Our findings highlight the importance of longitudinal data from long-term field sites when investigating underlying cognitive and behavioural diversity across individual lifespans and between populations. Wild chimps in Bossou, Guinea, use stone tools to crack nuts. They show individual variation in how efficient they are, and some individuals are consistently more efficient than others.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 3","pages":"472-480"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-02071-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Becoming the ideal woman-of-colour academic for everyone but me","authors":"Yvonne Su","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02092-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-02092-3","url":null,"abstract":"Yvonne Su challenges the academy to stop tokenizing women of colour in academia. In this World View, she explains how embracing diversity must go beyond optics and calls for true transformation.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 2","pages":"228-229"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting replicability of COVID-19 social science preprints","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-01962-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-01962-0","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the replicability of COVID-19 social science preprints. Both beginners and experienced participants used a structured elicitation protocol to make better-than-chance predictions about the reliability of research claims under high uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 2","pages":"248-249"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutual inclusivity improves decision-making by smoothing out choice’s competitive edge","authors":"Xiamin Leng, Romy Frömer, Thomas Summe, Amitai Shenhav","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-02064-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-02064-7","url":null,"abstract":"Decisions form a central bottleneck to most tasks, one that people often experience as costly. Previous work proposes mitigating those costs by lowering one’s threshold for deciding. Here we test an alternative solution, one that targets the basis of most choice costs: the idea that choosing one option sacrifices others (mutual exclusivity). Across 6 studies (N = 565), we test whether this tension can be relieved by framing choices as inclusive (allowing selection of more than 1 option, as in buffets). We find that inclusivity makes choices more efficient by selectively reducing competition between potential responses as participants accumulate information for each of their options. Inclusivity also made participants feel less conflicted, especially when they could not decide which good option to keep or which bad option to get rid of. These inclusivity benefits were also distinguishable from the effects of manipulating decision threshold (increased urgency), which improved choices but not experiences thereof. Leng et al. find that framing options in a choice set as inclusive, rather than mutually exclusive, increases the efficiency of choices and reduces feelings of conflict.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 3","pages":"521-533"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the replicability of social and behavioural science claims in COVID-19 preprints","authors":"Alexandru Marcoci, David P. Wilkinson, Ans Vercammen, Bonnie C. Wintle, Anna Lou Abatayo, Ernest Baskin, Henk Berkman, Erin M. Buchanan, Sara Capitán, Tabaré Capitán, Ginny Chan, Kent Jason G. Cheng, Tom Coupé, Sarah Dryhurst, Jianhua Duan, John E. Edlund, Timothy M. Errington, Anna Fedor, Fiona Fidler, James G. Field, Nicholas Fox, Hannah Fraser, Alexandra L. J. Freeman, Anca Hanea, Felix Holzmeister, Sanghyun Hong, Raquel Huggins, Nick Huntington-Klein, Magnus Johannesson, Angela M. Jones, Hansika Kapoor, John Kerr, Melissa Kline Struhl, Marta Kołczyńska, Yang Liu, Zachary Loomas, Brianna Luis, Esteban Méndez, Olivia Miske, Fallon Mody, Carolin Nast, Brian A. Nosek, E. Simon Parsons, Thomas Pfeiffer, W. Robert Reed, Jon Roozenbeek, Alexa R. Schlyfestone, Claudia R. Schneider, Andrew Soh, Zhongchen Song, Anirudh Tagat, Melba Tutor, Andrew H. Tyner, Karolina Urbanska, Sander van der Linden","doi":"10.1038/s41562-024-01961-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41562-024-01961-1","url":null,"abstract":"Replications are important for assessing the reliability of published findings. However, they are costly, and it is infeasible to replicate everything. Accurate, fast, lower-cost alternatives such as eliciting predictions could accelerate assessment for rapid policy implementation in a crisis and help guide a more efficient allocation of scarce replication resources. We elicited judgements from participants on 100 claims from preprints about an emerging area of research (COVID-19 pandemic) using an interactive structured elicitation protocol, and we conducted 29 new high-powered replications. After interacting with their peers, participant groups with lower task expertise (‘beginners’) updated their estimates and confidence in their judgements significantly more than groups with greater task expertise (‘experienced’). For experienced individuals, the average accuracy was 0.57 (95% CI: [0.53, 0.61]) after interaction, and they correctly classified 61% of claims; beginners’ average accuracy was 0.58 (95% CI: [0.54, 0.62]), correctly classifying 69% of claims. The difference in accuracy between groups was not statistically significant and their judgements on the full set of claims were correlated (r(98) = 0.48, P < 0.001). These results suggest that both beginners and more-experienced participants using a structured process have some ability to make better-than-chance predictions about the reliability of ‘fast science’ under conditions of high uncertainty. However, given the importance of such assessments for making evidence-based critical decisions in a crisis, more research is required to understand who the right experts in forecasting replicability are and how their judgements ought to be elicited. This study assessed COVID-19 social science preprints’ replicability using structured groups. Both beginners and more-experienced participants used a elicitation protocol to make better-than-chance predictions about the reliability of research claims under high uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":19074,"journal":{"name":"Nature Human Behaviour","volume":"9 2","pages":"287-304"},"PeriodicalIF":21.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-01961-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}