Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology最新文献_第10页

Emerging mechanistic understanding of cilia function in cellular signalling 对纤毛在细胞信号传导中功能的新机理认识

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00698-5

Keren I. Hilgendorf, Benjamin R. Myers, Jeremy F. Reiter

{"title":"Emerging mechanistic understanding of cilia function in cellular signalling","authors":"Keren I. Hilgendorf, Benjamin R. Myers, Jeremy F. Reiter","doi":"10.1038/s41580-023-00698-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41580-023-00698-5","url":null,"abstract":"Primary cilia are solitary, immotile sensory organelles present on most cells in the body that participate broadly in human health, physiology and disease. Cilia generate a unique environment for signal transduction with tight control of protein, lipid and second messenger concentrations within a relatively small compartment, enabling reception, transmission and integration of biological information. In this Review, we discuss how cilia function as signalling hubs in cell–cell communication using three signalling pathways as examples: ciliary G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway and polycystin ion channels. We review how defects in these ciliary signalling pathways lead to a heterogeneous group of conditions known as ‘ciliopathies’, including metabolic syndromes, birth defects and polycystic kidney disease. Emerging understanding of these pathways’ transduction mechanisms reveals common themes between these cilia-based signalling pathways that may apply to other pathways as well. These mechanistic insights reveal how cilia orchestrate normal and pathophysiological signalling outputs broadly throughout human biology. Cilia are microtubule-based cell projections that provide a unique environment with precise protein, lipid and second messenger concentrations, thereby creating specialized signalling hubs. This Review discusses recent multidisciplinary, mechanistic insights into cilia-based signalling pathways during development and homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":81.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139745303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The cell biology of ferroptosis 铁变态反应的细胞生物学

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00703-5

Scott J. Dixon, James A. Olzmann

{"title":"The cell biology of ferroptosis","authors":"Scott J. Dixon, James A. Olzmann","doi":"10.1038/s41580-024-00703-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41580-024-00703-5","url":null,"abstract":"Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death mechanism characterized by iron-dependent membrane lipid peroxidation. Here, we review what is known about the cellular mechanisms mediating the execution and regulation of ferroptosis. We first consider how the accumulation of membrane lipid peroxides leads to the execution of ferroptosis by altering ion transport across the plasma membrane. We then discuss how metabolites and enzymes that are distributed in different compartments and organelles throughout the cell can regulate sensitivity to ferroptosis by impinging upon iron, lipid and redox metabolism. Indeed, metabolic pathways that reside in the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets, peroxisomes and other organelles all contribute to the regulation of ferroptosis sensitivity. We note how the regulation of ferroptosis sensitivity by these different organelles and pathways seems to vary between different cells and death-inducing conditions. We also highlight transcriptional master regulators that integrate the functions of different pathways and organelles to modulate ferroptosis sensitivity globally. Throughout this Review, we highlight open questions and areas in which progress is needed to better understand the cell biology of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic, iron-dependent cell death mechanism driven by plasma membrane lipid peroxidation and subsequent plasma membrane rupture. Various cellular compartments and organelles contribute to regulating susceptibility to ferroptosis. This regulation involves a plethora of mechanisms centred on iron metabolism and storage, lipid metabolism, and redox balance.","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":112.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139746990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms and functions of protein S-acylation 蛋白质 S-酰化的机制和功能。

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00700-8

Francisco S. Mesquita, Laurence Abrami, Maurine E. Linder, Shernaz X. Bamji, Bryan C. Dickinson, F. Gisou van der Goot

{"title":"Mechanisms and functions of protein S-acylation","authors":"Francisco S. Mesquita, Laurence Abrami, Maurine E. Linder, Shernaz X. Bamji, Bryan C. Dickinson, F. Gisou van der Goot","doi":"10.1038/s41580-024-00700-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41580-024-00700-8","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past two decades, protein S-acylation (often referred to as S-palmitoylation) has emerged as an important regulator of vital signalling pathways. S-Acylation is a reversible post-translational modification that involves the attachment of a fatty acid to a protein. Maintenance of the equilibrium between protein S-acylation and deacylation has demonstrated profound effects on various cellular processes, including innate immunity, inflammation, glucose metabolism and fat metabolism, as well as on brain and heart function. This Review provides an overview of current understanding of S-acylation and deacylation enzymes, their spatiotemporal regulation by sophisticated multilayered mechanisms, and their influence on protein function, cellular processes and physiological pathways. Furthermore, we examine how disruptions in protein S-acylation are associated with a broad spectrum of diseases from cancer to autoinflammatory disorders and neurological conditions. Protein S-acylation is involved in many pathophysiological processes. Here, Mesquita et al. discuss the structure, function and regulation of S-acylation and deacylation enzymes and describe how this post-transcriptional modification precisely controls protein–cell membrane interactions. Potential therapeutic applications of S-acylation are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":112.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139735719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A catalytic function for mammalian Argonautes 哺乳动物 Argonautes 的催化功能。

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00713-3

Joana A. Vidigal

引用次数: 0

AI-driven detection and analysis of label-free protein aggregates 人工智能驱动的无标记蛋白质聚集体检测与分析。

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00708-0

Khalid A. Ibrahim

引用次数: 0

Publisher Correction: White adipocyte dysfunction and obesity-associated pathologies in humans 出版商更正：人类白色脂肪细胞功能障碍与肥胖相关病症。

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00712-4

Carolina E. Hagberg, Kirsty L. Spalding

引用次数: 0

Condensates burst the bridge for transcription 凝结物为转录架起桥梁

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00711-5

Eytan Zlotorynski

引用次数: 0

A dynamic culture system that models the intricacy of the mammary gland 动态培养系统可模拟复杂的乳腺。

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00704-4

Lei Yuan

引用次数: 0

Bookmarking pluripotency genes 多能基因书签

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00707-1

Lisa Heinke

引用次数: 0

CRISPR technologies for genome, epigenome and transcriptome editing 用于基因组、表观基因组和转录组编辑的 CRISPR 技术

IF 112.7 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00697-6

Lukas Villiger, Julia Joung, Luke Koblan, Jonathan Weissman, Omar O. Abudayyeh, Jonathan S. Gootenberg

{"title":"CRISPR technologies for genome, epigenome and transcriptome editing","authors":"Lukas Villiger, Julia Joung, Luke Koblan, Jonathan Weissman, Omar O. Abudayyeh, Jonathan S. Gootenberg","doi":"10.1038/s41580-023-00697-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41580-023-00697-6","url":null,"abstract":"Our ability to edit genomes lags behind our capacity to sequence them, but the growing understanding of CRISPR biology and its application to genome, epigenome and transcriptome engineering is narrowing this gap. In this Review, we discuss recent developments of various CRISPR-based systems that can transiently or permanently modify the genome and the transcriptome. The discovery of further CRISPR enzymes and systems through functional metagenomics has meaningfully broadened the applicability of CRISPR-based editing. Engineered Cas variants offer diverse capabilities such as base editing, prime editing, gene insertion and gene regulation, thereby providing a panoply of tools for the scientific community. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of current CRISPR tools, considering their efficiency, precision, specificity, reliance on cellular DNA repair mechanisms and their applications in both fundamental biology and therapeutics. Finally, we discuss ongoing clinical trials that illustrate the potential impact of CRISPR systems on human health. L. Villiger, J. Joung et al. review CRISPR applications for programmable editing of the genome, epigenome and transcriptome. They discuss how CRISPR–Cas systems can be optimized to further improve editing specificity and efficiency and highlight a multitude of applications in basic biological research and for changing clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":112.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139660806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0