Nanophotonics最新文献

{"title":"Beyond limits: a tribute to Dai-Sik Kim’s academic legacy and vision","authors":"Jae Sung Ahn, Kwang Jun Ahn, Young-Mi Bahk, Geunchang Choi, Jeeyoon Jeong, Young-Gyun Jeong, Taehee Kang, Hyun Woo Kim, Richard H.J. Kim, Sunghwan Kim, Dukhyung Lee, Geon Lee, Joong Wook Lee, Kwang-Geol Lee, Woongkyu Park","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0394","url":null,"abstract":"This article is dedicated to the cherished memory of Prof. Dai-Sik Kim, a visionary leader and an inspiring mentor who profoundly shaped international as well as domestic landscape of optical science, and addresses topics that were central to his scientific passion in nanophotonics. Prof. Kim’s research spanned surface plasmonics, near-field optics, and terahertz plasmonics and spectroscopy, each reflecting his enduring commitment to exploring the interaction between light and matter beyond conventional limits.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145311560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-metallic-strip array with parasitic rings: an efficient metasurface for dual-broadband electromagnetic window at large angles","authors":"Tiefu Li, Jinwei Chen, Yuxiang Jia, Xinmin Fu, Yajuan Han, Jie Yang, Zhaotang Liu, Chang Ding, Cunqian Feng, Jiafu Wang","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0157","url":null,"abstract":"The long-metallic-strip (LMS) array proposed by J. B. Pendry has been widely studied in electromagnetic windows. However, it could only work for the single-band window, not the dual-band one, due to the plasma-like oscillation attenuating with increasing frequency. To solve the problem, we have analyzed the condition of EM windows and then proposed to introduce “parasitic” rings (PRs) into the LMS array. The design is called the LPR metasurface, which could open the dual-broadband window at large incident angles (60°–85°). In C band, the LPR metasurface could conserve the LMSs’ plasma-like oscillation, thus opening a broadband window for transverse-electric polarization. In K band, where the plasma-like oscillation has almost disappeared, the PR generates a capacitive resonance. It could open an additional window at large angles and provide a great out-of-band suppression concurrently. Unlike related studies, the PRs here are structurally easy and integrated into the LMSs. It has conserved the LMSs’ simplicity and continuity, thus could better meet processing and protective materials. Additionally, with the great performance at large angles, the LPR metasurface may find wide applications in hypersonic aircraft radars, 5G/6G base stations, and others.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergetic full-parametric Aharonov–Anandan and Pancharatnam–Berry phase for arbitrary polarization and wavefront control","authors":"Tong Liu, Yanzhao Wang, Weike Feng, Huiling Luo, ZhengJie Wang, Hui Wang, He-Xiu Xu, Xiangang Luo","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0357","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic devices with multiple polarization modes are urgently needed in remote sensing detection and radar imaging due to their ability to obtain scattering information from targets through manipulation of full-parametric Jones matrix components (<jats:italic>J</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>xx</jats:italic> </jats:sub>, <jats:italic>J</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>xy</jats:italic> </jats:sub>, <jats:italic>J</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>yx</jats:italic> </jats:sub>, <jats:italic>J</jats:italic> <jats:sub> <jats:italic>yy</jats:italic> </jats:sub>). Although metasurfaces exhibit exceptional capability for polarization control, they typically facilitate conversion between specific linearly polarized (LP) and circularly polarized waves on Poincaré sphere. Here, we find that identical phases in two co-polarized components is exactly half of the sum of phases in two cross-polarized components by deriving Jones matrix <jats:italic>J</jats:italic> <jats:sub>AAL</jats:sub> with full-parametric Aharonov–Anandan (AA) phase Jones matrix. On this basis, a novel spin-decoupled paradigm is proposed by merging of AA phase and Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase mechanisms. Such a paradigm in diatomic metasurface is promised to achieve elegant amplitude-phase controlling and generate arbitrary polarized waves. For verification, two types of meta-devices were designed, fabricated, and experimentally characterized. Compared to the combination of propagation and PB phase, the proposed method enables simultaneous broadband arbitrary LP-to-LP conversion and wavefront control with a relative bandwidth of 43.5 %. Our strategy establishes theoretical foundation for spin-decoupled phase manipulation and amplitude-phase control of AA phase, providing a solid platform and guidance for the design of devices with arbitrary polarization and wavefront control.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145295895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polarization Raman spectra of graphene driven by monolayer ReS2","authors":"Xiangtai Xi, Haoran Liu, Chengxiang Gou, Zeyu Sun, Xilin Zhou, Xin Xie, Jinping Li, Zhenglong Zhang, Hairong Zheng, Hongxing Xu","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0286","url":null,"abstract":"Precise control of the polarization state of light at the nanoscale is a critical and transformative technology for advancing next-generation nano-optical components. Graphene, despite its highly symmetric lattice and weak in-plane anisotropy, exhibits limited optical response to polarized light in the visible spectrum. This constraint significantly hinders its application in visible-light polarization detection and broader optoelectronic integration. In contrast, two-dimensional (2D) layered rhenium disulfide (ReS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>), characterized by its unique distorted 1T-phase crystal structure, exhibits strong in-plane anisotropy in the visible range. This intrinsic property not only enriches its optical characteristics but also substantially enhances the photocurrent and photoresponsivity of graphene when integrated, thereby offering new opportunities for advanced optoelectronic applications. In this study, we fabricated a vertically stacked graphene/ReS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> van der Waals heterostructure with high precision. Polarized Raman spectroscopy was employed to systematically analyze the polarization dependence of the heterojunction, enabling an in-depth understanding of its structural and optical anisotropy. Our experimental results reveal that when isotropic single-layer graphene is coupled with anisotropic ReS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, the resulting heterostructure exhibits anomalous polarization-dependent Raman scattering. This finding highlights the potential of ultrathin 2D heterostructures as nanoscale polarization-sensitive optical elements. This work not only provides a novel approach for designing and implementing next-generation polarization-resolved optical devices based on 2D anisotropic materials but also lays the groundwork for their integration into highly miniaturized and lightweight optoelectronic systems. These findings hold significant promise for advancing the field of optoelectronics and enabling the development of more sophisticated and efficient optical technologies.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145295896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-assembled two-dimensional hypersonic phononic insulator","authors":"Pedro Moronta, Sandeep Sathyan, Edson R. Cardozo de Oliveira, Rafael J. Jiménez-Riobóo, Norberto Daniel Lanzillotti-Kimura, Pedro D. García, Cefe López","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0141","url":null,"abstract":"The coupling between the electromagnetic field and the motional degrees of freedom of a nanoscale object offers an interesting control-knob for light–matter interaction. However, this interaction is rather weak so, in general, a precise control over the mechanical vibrations of the object becomes desirable for enhancing and fine-tuning this coupling. Phonon insulation is a base-line to achieve nanoscale vibration control by inducing constructive and destructive phonon interference, which opens phononic band gaps at various frequencies. Phonon insulators are essential for managing and directing mechanical vibrations in advanced mechanical systems, such as resonators and acousto-optic modulators. Conventional fabrication methods, such as electron-beam lithography, are highly robust and efficient but also very demanding and limited in accessibility due to their cost and technical requirements. Self-assembly offers an alternative route for fabricating mechanical structures from diverse materials, allowing for innovative designs with improved functionalities. By using natural self-organizing processes, production is simplified and accelerated, with components assembling automatically in a low-cost, scalable manner. Here, we present a simple self-assembled device that functions as a phonon insulator in the GHz frequency range and can be easily integrated onto silicon. This integration opens the door to a wide range of applications, including optical communication, quantum computing, and ultra-sensitive sensors, where efficient control over mechanical vibrations is vital.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlocal electrodynamics of two-dimensional anisotropic magnetoplasmons","authors":"André J. Chaves, Line Jelver, Diego R. da Costa, Joel D. Cox, N. Asger Mortensen, Nuno M.R. Peres","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0233","url":null,"abstract":"We present a hydrodynamic model, grounded in Madelung’s formalism, to describe collective electronic motion in anisotropic materials. This model incorporates nonlocal contributions from the Thomas–Fermi quantum pressure and quantum effects arising from the Bohm potential. We derive analytical expressions for the magnetoplasmon dispersion and nonlocal optical conductivity. To demonstrate the applicability of the model, we examine electrons in the conduction band of monolayer phosphorene, an exemplary anisotropic two-dimensional electron gas. The dispersion of plasmons derived from our hydrodynamic approach is closely aligned with that predicted by <jats:italic>ab initio</jats:italic> calculations. Then, we use our model to analyze few-layer black phosphorus, whose measured infrared optical response is hyperbolic. Our results reveal that the incorporation of nonlocal and quantum effects in the optical conductivity prevents black phosphorus from supporting hyperbolic surface plasmon polaritons. We further demonstrate that the predicted wavefront generated by an electric dipole exhibits a significant difference between the local and nonlocal descriptions for the optical conductivity. This study underscores the necessity of moving beyond local approximations when investigating anisotropic systems capable of hosting strongly confined plasmon-polaritons.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nature inspired design methodology for a wide field of view achromatic metalens","authors":"Jacob Engelberg, Ronen Mazurski, Uriel Levy","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0279","url":null,"abstract":"Metalenses have become ubiquitous in academic research and have begun to make their transition to industry. However, chromatic aberration still greatly limits the applications of metalenses. Achieving a wide field-of-view (FOV) is another challenge that has been dealt with successfully by using a removed stop, but when combined with a broadband spectrum, lateral chromatic aberration severely limits performance. In this paper, we tackle this challenge and present a comprehensive design methodology for a simultaneously wide-FOV and achromatic metalens, which is inspired by the human visual system. As a design example, we present a metalens operating in the near infrared (NIR), with 10 % relative spectral bandwidth (807–893 nm), focal length of 5 mm, F/5, and FOV of ±20°. In particular, we show how to optimize the stop position and correct the lateral chromatic aberration, both of which have not been reported in the past. In addition, we evaluate the performance of the metalens using accurate performance metrics and demonstrate the improvement compared to a chromatic metalens. Our approach paves the way for the design of wide FOV metalenses that can operate over a relatively large bandwidth, effectively contributing to the widespread implementation of metalens science and technology.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chat to chip: large language model based design of arbitrarily shaped metasurfaces","authors":"Huanshu Zhang, Lei Kang, Sawyer D. Campbell, Douglas H. Werner","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0343","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional metasurface design is limited by the computational cost of full-wave simulations, preventing thorough exploration of complex configurations. Data-driven approaches have emerged as a solution to this bottleneck, replacing costly simulations with rapid neural network evaluations and enabling near-instant design for meta-atoms. Despite advances, implementing a new optical function still requires building and training a task-specific network, along with exhaustive searches for suitable architectures and hyperparameters. Pre-trained large language models (LLMs), by contrast, sidestep this laborious process with a simple fine-tuning technique. However, applying LLMs to the design of nanophotonic devices, particularly for arbitrarily shaped metasurfaces, is still in its early stages; as such tasks often require graphical networks. Here, we show that an LLM, fed with descriptive inputs of arbitrarily shaped metasurface geometries, can learn the physical relationships needed for spectral prediction and inverse design. We further benchmarked a range of open-weight LLMs and identified relationships between accuracy and model size at the billion-parameter level. We demonstrated that 1-D token-wise LLMs provide a practical tool for designing 2-D arbitrarily shaped metasurfaces. Linking natural-language interaction to electromagnetic modelling, this “chat-to-chip” workflow represents a step toward more user-friendly data-driven nanophotonics.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"213 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145246817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is next for LLMs? Pushing the boundaries of next-gen AI computing hardware with photonic chips","authors":"Renjie Li, Qi Xin, Wenjie Wei, Sixuan Mao, Erik Ma, Zijian Chen, Jingxing Gao, Malu Zhang, Haizhou Li, Zhaoyu Zhang","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0217","url":null,"abstract":"Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly pushing the limits of contemporary computing hardware. For example, training GPT-3 has been estimated to consume around 1,300 MWh of electricity, and projections suggest future models may require city-scale (gigawatt) power budgets. These demands motivate exploration of computing paradigms beyond conventional von Neumann architectures. This review surveys emerging photonic hardware optimized for next-generation generative AI computing. We discuss integrated photonic neural network architectures (e.g. Mach–Zehnder interferometer meshes, lasers, wavelength-multiplexed microring-resonators) that perform ultrafast matrix operations. We also examine promising alternative neuromorphic devices and platforms, including 2D materials and hybrid spintronic–photonic synapses, which combine memory and processing. The integration of two-dimensional materials (graphene, TMDCs) into silicon photonic platforms is reviewed for tunable modulators and on-chip synaptic elements. Transformer-based LLM architectures (self-attention and feed-forward layers) are analyzed in this context, introducing the mathematical operations associated with the transformers and identifying strategies and challenges for mapping dynamic matrix multiplications onto these novel photonic hardware systems. Overall, we broadly introduce state-of-the-art photonic components, AI algorithms, and system integration methods, highlighting key advances and open issues in scaling such photonic systems to mega-sized LLM models. We find that photonic computing systems could potentially surpass electronic processors by orders of magnitude in throughput and energy efficiency, but require breakthroughs in memory especially for long-context windows and long token sequences and in storage of ultra-large datasets, among others. This survey provides a comprehensive roadmap for AI hardware development, emphasizing the role of cutting-edge photonic components and technologies in supporting future LLMs.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect-insensitive bound states in the continuum in antisymmetric trapezoid metasurfaces in the visible range","authors":"Chenyu Liao, Lidan Zhou, Baohua Wen, Xiangyi Ye, Hongjiang Zhu, Ji Yang, Guohua Li, Zhangkai Zhou, Jianhua Zhou, Jingxuan Cai","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0406","url":null,"abstract":"Symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (SP-BIC) enable flexible tuning of the wavelengths and linewidths of high-Q resonances, showing great potential in high-performance photonic devices. However, the implementation of SP-BIC at shorter wavelengths, such as in the visible range, requires precise control of smaller feature sizes, which imposes stringent fabrication requirements. This trade-off between geometric accuracy and manufacturing complexity limits the practical application of SP-BIC metasurfaces. This work presents a defect-insensitive design strategy for SP-BIC metasurfaces by constructing position-detuned arrays composed of periodically arranged antisymmetric trapezoidal unit cells. Theoretical studies show that under x-polarized incidence, the dominant resonance mode is a magnetic dipole, with electric fields strongly enhanced in the inter-pillar gap rather than inside the structures body. This field distribution provides high robustness against geometric deformation. The geometric dependence of this mode under x-polarized light is approximately 1/10 to 1/20 that of the electric dipole-dominated mode under y-polarized light, and the design is demonstrating strong tolerance to typical fabrication defects encountered in nanofabrication. Experimental validation is being conducted using metasurfaces fabricated with intentional defects. Overall, this work is offering a practical, fabrication-tolerant approach to realizing high-performance dielectric BIC metasurfaces.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}