Nanophotonics最新文献

{"title":"Active metasurface designs for lensless and detector-limited imaging","authors":"Julie Belleville, Prachi Thureja, Harry A. Atwater","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0704","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of metasurfaces has enabled lightweight, compact imaging with degrees of freedom which previously required complex optical setups to achieve, such as polarization, wave vector, and spectrum. To date, most metasurface-enabled imaging systems have thus far been ‘passive’, and therefore subject to fundamental information and thickness limits set by the coupling of light to their sensor arrays. We discuss the use of active metasurfaces in low form-factor and low pixel-count imaging systems and introduce a prototypical lensless imaging system concept which employs an active metasurface as a high-frequency, continuously tunable amplitude and phase modulation aperture, coupled to a discrete single-pixel detector. We analyze the scalability of such a platform and computationally demonstrate that a scalable ‘perimeter-control’ addressing architecture – in which a <jats:italic>M</jats:italic> × <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> rectangular array of scattering elements is addressed by only <jats:italic>M</jats:italic> + <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> voltages – is sufficient for image collection, even when scatterers exhibit limited <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" overflow=\"scroll\"> <m:mfenced close=\")\" open=\"(\"> <m:mrow> <m:msup> <m:mrow> <m:mn>272</m:mn> </m:mrow> <m:mrow> <m:mo>◦</m:mo> </m:mrow> </m:msup> </m:mrow> </m:mfenced> </m:math> <jats:tex-math>$left({272}^{{circ}}right)$</jats:tex-math> <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_nanoph-2024-0704_ineq_001.png\"/> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> phase control, and undesired amplitude variations. We also address fundamental limits in information collection, image aberrations, and signal-to-noise ratio, highlighting key advantages, limitations, and trade-offs for active metasurface imaging. We generalize our discussion to other active metasurface-enabled imaging configurations and applications. Finally, we consider promising active metasurface material platforms with an outlook towards new directions to enable high-efficiency imaging.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The theory of the quantum walk comb laser","authors":"Alexander Dikopoltsev, Ina Heckelmann, Barbara Schneider, Mathieu Bertrand, Jérôme Faist","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0768","url":null,"abstract":"The development of on-chip optical frequency comb devices paves the way for novel applications in environmental tracking, fast ranging and smart communication solutions. Recently, a new type of frequency comb device, based on a modulated ring quantum cascade laser, was introduced and demonstrated. Here we present a rigorous theoretical study of this type of device, also known as the quantum walk comb laser. We show that resonant phase modulation of a fast gain laser with a dispersive circular cavity is sufficient to support a broadband comb. This method requires the gain to have a sufficiently fast recovery time to support quasi-instantaneous suppression of intensity fluctuations. When this condition is met, the modulation leads to quantum walk dynamics, and then to stabilization onto a stable and controllable frequency comb. We show this type of dynamics through simulations using realistic parameters and reveal the impact of higher-order contributions from gain and dispersion. We also study the resilience of this type of mode-locked laser to noise injection and show its superiority to that of active mode-locking. We believe that this work will allow the development of comb devices with high wall-plug efficiency, arbitrary output spectral shaping and increased stability properties.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143901382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-inspired multispectral camouflage material for microwave, infrared, and visible bands based on single hierarchical metasurface","authors":"Shiju Liu, Congyang Zhou, Ruiyang Tan, Mengqi Han, Zhijing Wu, Ping Chen","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Nature can significantly inspire humans. Chameleons, jellyfish, and many other creatures use unique camouflage methods. Multispectral camouflage materials are highly desirable to against progressive multispectral detection. The proposed structure should be simple and highly transparent to ensure a wide application range. In this study, a bio-inspired multispectral camouflage material with visible transparency, microwave diffusion, and infrared (IR) camouflage was designed, fabricated, and tested. Multispectral camouflage performance was achieved on a single metasurface by the following steps: First, a nanoscale multilayered film consisting of an oxide and metal was unitized to achieve a low IR emissivity and high visible transmittance. Then, two units were designed to obtain a phase difference, thus realizing the microwave diffusion performance. Based on the relationship between the area filling fraction and IR emissivity, the units can perform puzzled imaging under an IR thermal camera. The structural parameters were calculated and optimized through an equivalent circuit model-based artificial intelligence algorithm. Then, a 10 dB reduction in radar cross section from 7 GHz to 16 GHz, a puzzled IR thermal image, and a high optical transmittance (&gt;0.7) were achieved. The work provides significant guidance for the design and fabrication of multispectral camouflage materials.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Q-contrast terahertz quantum cascade laser via bandgap-confined bound state in the continuum","authors":"Hanyu Liu, Jieyuan Cui, Qian Wang, Lianhe Li, Alexander Giles Davies, Edmund Harold Linfield, Qi Jie Wang","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0757","url":null,"abstract":"Photonic bound states in the continuum (BICs) are optical modes that remain highly localized despite co-existing with radiating waves in the continuum, attracting considerable attention for both fundamental studies and technological innovations. Conventional single-mode BIC lasers predominantly focus on maximizing the Q-factor of a specific mode, often overlooking the critical role of Q-contrast – the difference in Q-factors between the highest-Q BIC mode and competing modes – which is crucial for achieving stable single-mode lasing. In this study, we present a compact, high Q-contrast BIC laser, enabled by strategically optimizing the alignment of the TM<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> band of the core domain with the shell domain to confine the high Q-factor mode within the core. Using a quantum cascade laser chip operating in the terahertz (THz) regime, this design achieves a Q-contrast ratio of approximately 2.3, resulting in stable single mode lasing across the dynamic region with a side-mode suppression ratio of ∼20 dB. These findings underscore the pivotal role of Q-contrast in photonic lasers, with promising implications for applications in THz lasers, sensors, harmonic signal generators and modulators.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supershift properties for nonanalytic signals","authors":"Fabrizio Colombo, Irene Sabadini, Daniele Carlo Struppa, Alain Yger","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0718","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of superoscillations is of great interest in microscopy, antenna design, and material sciences. This phenomenon has been generalized and has given rise to the concept of supershift, which is a far reaching extension that applies to functions that may present discontinuous derivatives. From this perspective, this is a notion that might have significant applications. This paper will provide an up to date report on the complex connections between the concept of supershift and that of analyticity.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-photon emitters in PECVD-grown silicon nitride films: from material growth to photophysical properties","authors":"Zachariah O. Martin, Alexander Senichev, Pranshu Maan, Mustafa G. Ozlu, Miroslava Marinova, Zhongxia Shang, Alexei Lagutchev, Alexandra Boltasseva, Vladimir M. Shalaev","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0506","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon nitride (SiN) is a key material for quantum photonics due to its wide transparency window, high refractive index, low optical losses, and semiconductor foundry compatibility. We study the formation of single-photon emitters in SiN films grown by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), exploring their photophysical properties and dependence on growth conditions. Emitters were observed across the entire range of nitrogen-to-silicon precursor ratios, from silicon-rich to nitrogen-rich conditions, enabled by the low background fluorescence. We demonstrate single-photon emitters in SiN films with a higher refractive index (1.8–1.9) compared to our previous reports (∼1.7). Notably, nitrogen-rich, thinner films yield particularly bright emitters with shorter emission lifetimes, likely due to more efficient annealing. Silicon-rich SiN films exhibit red-shifted emission, suggesting that composition may provide a mechanism for wavelength tuning. These findings establish the feasibility of emitters formation in foundry standard PECVD tools, advancing the scalability and lab-to-fab transition of SiN-based quantum photonic technologies.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dielectric permittivity extraction of MoS2 nanoribbons using THz nanoscopy","authors":"Henrik B. Lassen, William V. Carstensen, Denys I. Miakota, Ganesh Ghimire, Stela Canulescu, Peter U. Jepsen, Edmund J. R. Kelleher","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0060","url":null,"abstract":"The nanoscale optical properties of high-quality MoS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> nanoribbons are investigated using THz nanoscopy based on a scattering-type scanning probe. The nanoribbons comprise a multilayer core, surrounded by monolayer edges. A featureless complex permittivity spectrum covering the range 0.6–1.6 THz is extracted from experimental time-domain measurements through a minimization procedure, adopting an extended finite-dipole model of the probe–sample interaction. Real-space mapping of the nanoribbon reveals variations in the local permittivity down to the instrument-limited resolution, on the order of 30 nm. Clustering analysis statistically identifies regions of lower apparent permittivity that we attribute to a high curvature at the edges of the nanoribbon causing an increase in local material strain or cross-talk in the measured signal with topography-induced measurement artifacts. The core of the nanoribbon contains two regions that follow tightly distributed, but slightly shifted Gaussian statistics in complex permittivity space, with the real part mean of both distributions lying around 5.4 and compatible with literature values of the static permittivity of thin-film MoS<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> reported previously. Our results show that the nanoribbons exhibit a modest degree of dielectric variation at the nanoscale that could be explained by heterogeneous doping or variations in the local defect density. We believe that our approach could be useful for the direct real-space measurement of dielectric disorder in other low-dimensional semiconducting material systems.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical levitation of Janus particles within focused cylindrical vector beams","authors":"Alessandro Magazzù, Iryna Kasianiuk, Denis Kasyanyuk, Agnese Callegari, Giovanni Volpe, Onofrio M. Maragò, Luca Biancofiore","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0774","url":null,"abstract":"The confinement and manipulation of Janus particles have recently garnered significant interest due to their potential applications in fields such as nanotechnology and biophysics, where, under specific circumstances, they can act as microengines and drug carriers. However, the dynamics of Janus particles mostly rely on chemical reactions or thermal gradients, limiting their precision application. To tackle these limitations, we propose the 3D manipulation of Janus particles using focused cylindrical vector beams with a doughnut shaped intensity profile above the focal spot. In particular, we study the behaviour, orientation and manipulation of different highly reflective Janus particles composed of silica or polystyrene with a gold cap in the presence of optical potentials generated by focused cylindrical vector beams. Where the radiation pressure predominantly affects the gold cap rather than the bare particle body of the particle. We demonstrated the potential of the proposed levitation technique for controlling a wide range of Janus particles and real-life complex objects with high reflectivity.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disordered plasmonic system with dense copper nano-island morphology","authors":"Tlek Tapani, Vincenzo Caligiuri, Yanqiu Zou, Andrea Griesi, Yurii P. Ivanov, Massimo Cuscunà, Gianluca Balestra, Haifeng Lin, Anastasiia Sapunova, Paolo Franceschini, Andrea Tognazzi, Costantino De Angelis, Giorgio Divitini, Riccardo Carzino, Hyunah Kwon, Peer Fischer, Roman Krahne, Nicolò Maccaferri, Denis Garoli","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0743","url":null,"abstract":"Dry synthesis is a highly versatile method for the fabrication of nanoporous metal films, since it enables easy and reproducible deposition of single or multi-layers of nanostructured materials that can find intriguing applications in plasmonics, photochemistry and photocatalysis, to name a few. Here, we extend the use of this methodology to the preparation of copper nano-islands that represent an affordable and versatile example of disordered plasmonic substrates. Although the island morphology is disordered, the high density of these nanostructures with large surface area results in a good homogeneity on a macroscale, which is beneficial for plasmonic applications such as bio-sensing and photo-catalysis. With cathodoluminescence and electron-energy-loss spectroscopies we confirm the nano-islands as sources of the local field enhancement and identify the plasmonic resonance bands in the visible and near-infrared spectral range. The decay dynamics of the plasmonic signal are slower in the nano-island as compared to bulk copper films, which can be rationalized by a reduced energy dissipation in the nano-island films. Our study demonstrates a robust and lithography-free fabrication pathway to obtain nanostructured plasmonic copper substrates that represent a highly versatile low-cost alternative for future applications ranging from sensing to photochemistry and photocatalysis.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-broadband and passive stabilization of ultrafast light sources by quantum light injection","authors":"Nicholas Rivera, Shiekh Zia Uddin, Jamison Sloan, Marin Soljačić","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0634","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinear optical effects such as frequency conversion form the basis for many practical light sources. In a variety of settings, the performance of such sources is limited by quantum noise. In many nonlinear systems, this quantum noise gets strongly amplified, as a result of the large sensitivity of the nonlinear dynamics to changes in the initial conditions − a feature common to many nonlinear systems. Here, we develop a general theory of quantum noise resulting from nonlinear dynamics initiated by many-photon Gaussian quantum states. The theory provides guidelines to find the optimal quantum state to inject to maximally suppress the noise at the output. As a concrete example of the concept and theory, we consider the nonlinear optical phenomenon of supercontinuum generation by a femtosecond pulse, a famously noise-generating process, which is important in a range of applications in materials characterization and life science. By seeding supercontinuum generation with pulsed squeezed vacuum, one can achieve order-of-magnitude magnitude reduction of intensity and phase noise simultaneously, over a broad band of wavelengths, passively, and with no change in spectrum. The large magnitude and bandwidth of this effect is challenging to achieve by other means of stabilization, pointing to a promising approach for controlling quantum noise in a variety of nonlinear systems.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}