Trans-scale hierarchical metasurfaces for multispectral compatible regulation of lasers, infrared light, and microwaves

IF 6.6 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Nanophotonics Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI:10.1515/nanoph-2025-0224

He Lin, Fuyuan Shen, Zuojun Zhang, Jun Luo, Cheng Huang, Mingbo Pu, Yuetang Wang, Jianping Shi, Xiaoliang Ma, Xiangang Luo

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Abstract

Electromagnetic scattering control of optical windows has significant challenges in improving optical transmission and compatibility, especially for multispectral and large-angle incidences, due to material and structure mismatches. This paper presents trans-scale hierarchical metasurfaces (THM) to achieve wide-angle optical transmission enhancement and electromagnetic scattering-compatible regulation in dual-band lasers, and infrared and microwave ranges. THM comprises an ultrafine hollow metal array (UHMA) and a transmission-enhanced micro-nanocone array (TMCA). The UHMA regulates microwave radar cross-section (RCS) echo diffuse reflection, while the upper-layer TMCA enables wide-angle optical transmission enhancement. A THM sample of 200 × 200 mm2 was fabricated using multistage nanolithography, demonstrating exceptional multifunctional compatibility and optical performance. Results show that the THM sample achieves 10 dB scattering reduction in the 9.5–17.5 GHz microwave band, with average optical transmittance exceeding 90 % at 0°–60° incidence angles within optical ranges of 1.42, 1.7, and 3–5 μm. Compared to a zinc sulfide (ZnS) window with a UHMA on its surface, the THM improved the average transmission by 34.3 % over wide angles while allowing microwave scattering control. Broadband polarization-independent, low-crosstalk imaging, and hydrophobic characteristics were demonstrated. This study provides a design approach for multifunctional devices with synergistic optical and microwave regulation, particularly for optical transparency in microwave devices.

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用于激光、红外光和微波多光谱兼容调节的跨尺度分层超表面

由于材料和结构的不匹配，光窗的电磁散射控制在提高光传输和光兼容性方面面临着重大挑战，特别是在多光谱和大角度入射下。本文提出了一种跨尺度分层超表面（THM），可在双波段激光、红外和微波范围内实现广角光传输增强和电磁散射兼容调节。THM包括一个超细空心金属阵列（UHMA）和一个透射增强微纳锥阵列（TMCA）。UHMA用于调节微波雷达回波漫反射，而上层TMCA用于增强广角光传输。采用多级纳米光刻技术制备了200 × 200 mm2的THM样品，具有优异的多功能兼容性和光学性能。结果表明，THM样品在9.5 ~ 17.5 GHz微波波段的散射降低了10 dB，在1.42、1.7和3-5 μm的光学范围内，入射角为0°~ 60°时的平均光透过率超过90%。与表面有UHMA的硫化锌（ZnS）窗口相比，THM在广角范围内提高了34.3%的平均透射率，同时允许微波散射控制。宽带偏振无关，低串扰成像和疏水特性被证明。本研究提供了一种具有光学和微波协同调节的多功能器件的设计方法，特别是微波器件的光学透明度。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nanophotonics NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

CiteScore

13.50

自引率

6.70%

发文量

358

审稿时长

7 weeks

期刊介绍： Nanophotonics, published in collaboration with Sciencewise, is a prestigious journal that showcases recent international research results, notable advancements in the field, and innovative applications. It is regarded as one of the leading publications in the realm of nanophotonics and encompasses a range of article types including research articles, selectively invited reviews, letters, and perspectives. The journal specifically delves into the study of photon interaction with nano-structures, such as carbon nano-tubes, nano metal particles, nano crystals, semiconductor nano dots, photonic crystals, tissue, and DNA. It offers comprehensive coverage of the most up-to-date discoveries, making it an essential resource for physicists, engineers, and material scientists.