Nanomaterials最新文献

{"title":"Investigation of the Crystallographic Evolution Sequence of Nano-Precipitation via HRTEM in Cu-Bearing Ultra-Low Carbon Steel.","authors":"Weina Zhang, Zhanjie Gao, Hao Wei, Huimin Zhang, Zejin Chen, Wenying Xue, Yongfeng Shen, Zhenyu Liu","doi":"10.3390/nano14161335","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The precipitation behavior of Cu-bearing ultra-low carbon steel after step quenching and tempering at 923 K for 0.5-2.5 h was investigated. The size, quantity, and characteristic distribution of nano-precipitates were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy, and the microstructure of B2 (an ordered structure belonging to the body-centered cubic structure), 9R (a special triclinic lattice that has characteristics of rhombohedral structure), 3R (a special triclinic lattice like 9R), and FCT (face-centered tetragonal lattices) were accurately determined. The relationship between nano-precipitates and mechanical properties under different heat treatment processes was obtained, revealing that nano-precipitates effectively enhanced the yield strength of Cu-bearing ultra-low carbon steel. There were two forms of crystal structure evolution sequence of precipitation: B2→multi twin 9R→detwined 9R→FCT→FCC and B2→multi-twin 9R→detwinned 9R→3R→FCT→FCC. The morphology of the precipitated particles during the growth process changed from spherical to ellipsoidal and finally to rod-shaped. It was proven that a stable 3R structure existed due to the coexistence of 9R, 3R, and FCT structures in the same precipitate particle.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of Kinetic and Thermodynamic Factors in the Stationary Composition of Vapor-Liquid-Solid IIIV_xV_1-x Nanowires.","authors":"Vladimir G Dubrovskii, Egor D Leshchenko","doi":"10.3390/nano14161333","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Compositional control over vapor-liquid-solid III-V ternary nanowires based on group V intermix (VLS IIIV_xV_1-x NWs) is complicated by the presence of a catalyst droplet with extremely low and hence undetectable concentrations of group V atoms. The liquid-solid and vapor-solid distributions of IIIV_xV_1-x NWs at a given temperature are influenced by the kinetic parameters (supersaturation and diffusion coefficients in liquid, V/III flux ratio in vapor), temperature and thermodynamic constants. We analyze the interplay of the kinetic and thermodynamic factors influencing the compositions of VLS IIIV_xV_1-x NWs and derive a new vapor-solid distribution that contains only one parameter of liquid, the ratio of the diffusion coefficients of dissimilar group V atoms. The unknown concentrations of group V atoms in liquid have no influence on the NW composition at high enough levels of supersaturation in liquid. The simple analytic shape of this vapor-solid distribution is regulated by the total V/III flux ratio in vapor. Calculating the temperature-dependent desorption rates, we show that the purely kinetic regime of the liquid-solid growth occurs for VLS IIIV_xV_1-x NWs in a wide range of conditions. The model fits the data well on the vapor-solid distributions of VLS InP_xAs_1-x and GaP_xAs_1-x NWs and can be used for understanding and controlling the compositions of any VLS IIIV_xV_1-x NWs, as well as modeling the compositional profiles across NW heterostructures in different material systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic or Natural (Bio-Based) Hydroxyapatite? A Systematic Comparison between Biomimetic Nanostructured Coatings Produced by Ionized Jet Deposition.","authors":"Matteo Montesissa, Enrico Sassoni, Marco Boi, Giorgia Borciani, Elisa Boanini, Gabriela Graziani","doi":"10.3390/nano14161332","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Calcium phosphate (CaP)-based materials are largely explored in orthopedics, to increase osseointegration of the prostheses and specifically in spine surgery, to permit better fusion. To address these aims, nanostructured biogenic apatite coatings are emerging, since they better mimic the characteristics of the host tissue, thus potentially being better candidates compared to their synthetic counterpart. Here, we compare hydroxyapatite (HA) nanostructured coatings, obtained by ionized jet deposition, starting from synthetic and natural sources. The starting materials and the corresponding films are characterized and compared from a compositional and morphological point of view, then their stability is studied after post-treatment annealing. Although all the films are formed by globular aggregates and show morphological features at different scales (from nano to micro), significant differences are found in composition between the synthetic and naturally derived HA in terms of magnesium and sodium content, carbonate substitution and Ca/P ratio, while differences between the coatings obtained by the different natural HA sources are minor. In addition, the shape of the aggregates is also target-dependent. All coatings have a good stability after over 14 days of immersion in medium, with natural apatite coatings showing a better behavior, as no cracking and detachments are observed during immersion. Based on these results, both synthetic and naturally derived apatitic materials appear promising for applications in spine surgery, with coatings from natural sources possessing physiochemical properties more similar to the mineral phase of the human bone tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core-Shell Interface Engineering Strategies for Modulating Energy Transfer in Rare Earth-Doped Nanoparticles.","authors":"Zhaoxi Zhou, Yuan Liu, Lichao Guo, Tian Wang, Xinrong Yan, Shijiong Wei, Dehui Qiu, Desheng Chen, Xiaobo Zhang, Huangxian Ju","doi":"10.3390/nano14161326","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rare earth-doped nanoparticles (RENPs) are promising biomaterials with substantial potential in biomedical applications. Their multilayered core-shell structure design allows for more diverse uses, such as orthogonal excitation. However, the typical synthesis strategies-one-pot successive layer-by-layer (LBL) method and seed-assisted (SA) method-for creating multilayered RENPs show notable differences in spectral performance. To clarify this issue, a thorough comparative analysis of the elemental distribution and spectral characteristics of RENPs synthesized by these two strategies was conducted. The SA strategy, which avoids the partial mixing stage of shell and core precursors inherent in the LBL strategy, produces RENPs with a distinct interface in elemental distribution. This unique elemental distribution reduces unnecessary energy loss via energy transfer between heterogeneous elements in different shell layers. Consequently, the synthesis method choice can effectively modulate the spectral properties of RENPs. This discovery has been applied to the design of orthogonal RENP biomedical probes with appropriate dimensions, where the SA strategy introduces a refined inert interface to prevent unnecessary energy loss. Notably, this strategy has exhibited a 4.3-fold enhancement in NIR-II in vivo imaging and a 2.1-fold increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related photodynamic therapy (PDT) orthogonal applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTED: Vorotilo et al. Manufacturing of Conductive, Wear-Resistant Nanoreinforced Cu-Ti Alloys Using Partially Oxidized Electrolytic Copper Powder. <i>Nanomaterials</i> 2020, <i>10</i>, 1261.","authors":"Stepan Vorotilo, Pavel Alexandrovich Loginov, Alexandr Yuryevich Churyumov, Alexey Sergeevich Prosviryakov, Marina Yakovlevna Bychkova, Sergey Ivanovich Rupasov, Anton Sergeevich Orekhov, Philipp Vladimirovich Kiryukhantsev-Korneev, Evgeny Alexandrovich Levashov","doi":"10.3390/nano14161325","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Nanomaterials</i> Editorial Office retracts the article, \"Manufacturing of Conductive, Wear-Resistant Nanoreinforced Cu-Ti Alloys Using Partially Oxidized Electrolytic Copper Powder\" [...].</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of White Light-Emitting Diode-Based Photoirradiation on Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Methanol- and Aqueous-Based Extracts of <i>Bergenia ciliata</i> Leaves.","authors":"Sourav Gurung, Monalisha Sarmin, Muddasarul Hoda","doi":"10.3390/nano14161327","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Bergenia ciliata</i> (BC) is a perennial herb that is frequently used as a traditional medicine. Its leaves and rhizomes are reported to have significant antioxidant, metal-reducing, and chelating properties. Although the rhizomes have the potential to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the leaves are yet to be studied for the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Likewise, photoirradiation also plays a significant role in the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. In the current study, we intended to demonstrate the implications of photoirradiation by white light-emitting diode (LED) on the aqueous and methanol extracts (AE and ME, respectively) of BC leaf-mediated green synthesis of AgNPs. In this regard, the AgNP synthesis of the two extracts was performed in the dark and under 250-lumen (lm) and 825 lm LED bulbs. The physicochemical characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was also performed, wherein percent nanoparticles yield, morphology of the nanoparticles, shape, size, percent elemental composition, crystallinity, and nanoparticle stability were studied. The nanoparticle-synthesizing potential of the two extracts contradicted significantly in the presence and absence of light, while the AE produced a significantly high number of nanoparticles in the dark (17.26%), and increasing light intensities only attenuated the nanoparticle synthesis, whereas ME synthesized comparatively negligible silver nanoparticles in the dark (1.23%). However, increasing light intensities significantly enhanced the number of nanoparticles synthesized in 825 lms (7.41%). The GCMS analysis further gave a comparative insight into the phytochemical composition of both extracts, wherein catechol and pyrogallol were identified as major reducing agents for nanoparticle synthesis. The influence of light intensities on the physiochemical characterization of AgNPs was predominant. While the size of both the AE- and ME-mediated AgNPs increased considerably (20-50 nm diameter) with increasing light intensities, the percent of silver atoms decreased significantly with increasing light intensities in both the AE- and ME-mediated AgNPs with ranges of 13-18% and 14-24%, respectively. The nanoparticle stability studies suggested that both the AE- and ME-mediated AgNPs were stable for up to 15 days when stored at 4 °C. The stability of both nanoparticles was attributed to the presence of a wide range of phytochemicals. In conclusion, the AE of BC leaves was reported to have significantly higher AgNP-synthesizing potential as compared to the ME. However, AE-mediated AgNP synthesis is attenuated by photoirradiation, whereas ME-mediated AgNP synthesis is enhanced by photoirradiation. The photoirradiation by white LED light increases the size of the AgNPs, while the percent silver composition declines, irrespective of the extract type. Both extracts, however, have nanoparticle stabilizing potential, thereby producing stable nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356894/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma-Irradiation-Induced Electrical Characteristic Variations in MoS₂ Field-Effect Transistors with Buried Local Back-Gate Structure.","authors":"Su Jin Kim, Seungkwon Hwang, Jung-Dae Kwon, Jongwon Yoon, Jeong Min Park, Yongsu Lee, Yonghun Kim, Chang Goo Kang","doi":"10.3390/nano14161324","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of radiation on MoS₂-based devices is an important factor in the utilization of two-dimensional semiconductor-based technology in radiation-sensitive environments. In this study, the effects of gamma irradiation on the electrical variations in MoS₂ field-effect transistors with buried local back-gate structures were investigated, and their related effects on Al₂O₃ gate dielectrics and MoS₂/Al₂O₃ interfaces were also analyzed. The transfer and output characteristics were analyzed before and after irradiation. The current levels decreased by 15.7% under an exposure of 3 kGy. Additionally, positive shifts in the threshold voltages of 0.50, 0.99, and 1.15 V were observed under irradiations of 1, 2, and 3 kGy, respectively, compared to the non-irradiated devices. This behavior is attributable to the comprehensive effects of hole accumulation in the Al₂O₃ dielectric interface near the MoS₂ side and the formation of electron trapping sites at the interface, which increased the electron tunneling at the MoS₂ channel/dielectric interface.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of All-Optical D Flip Flop Memory Unit Based on Photonic Crystal.","authors":"Yonatan Pugachov, Moria Gulitski, Dror Malka","doi":"10.3390/nano14161321","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper proposes a unique configuration for an all-optical D Flip Flop (D-FF) utilizing a quasi-square ring resonator (RR) and T-Splitter, as well as NOT and OR logic gates within a 2-dimensional square lattice photonic crystal (PC) structure. The components realizing the all-optical D-FF comprise of optical waveguides in a 2D square lattice PC of 45 × 23 silicon (Si) rods in a silica (SiO₂) substrate. The utilization of these specific materials has facilitated the fabrication process of the design, diverging from alternative approaches that employ an air substrate, a method inherently unattainable in fabrication. The configuration underwent examination and simulation utilizing both plane-wave expansion (PWE) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) methodologies. The simulation outcomes demonstrate that the designed waveguides and RR effectively execute the operational principles of the D-FF by guiding light as intended. The suggested configuration holds promise as a logic block within all-optical arithmetic logic units (ALUs) designed for digital computing optical circuits. The design underwent optimization for operation within the C-band spectrum, particularly at 1550 nm. The outcomes reveal a distinct differentiation between logic states '1' and '0', enhancing robust decision-making on the receiver side and minimizing logic errors in the photonic decision circuit. The D-FF displays a contrast ratio (CR) of 4.77 dB, a stabilization time of 0.66 psec, and a footprint of 21 μm × 12 μm.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hierarchical WS₂-WO₃ Nanohybrids with Flower-like p-n Heterostructures for Trimethylamine Detection.","authors":"Dan Meng, Shunjiang Ran, Lei Zhang, Xiaoguang San, Yue Zhang, Yu Zheng, Jian Qi","doi":"10.3390/nano14161322","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The detection of trimethylamine (TMA) is critically important due to its toxic and flammable nature, which poses significant risks to human health and the environment. However, achieving high response, rapid kinetics, selectivity, and low operating temperatures in TMA sensing remains challenging. In this study, WS₂/WO₃ nanohybrids with flower-like hierarchical structures were synthesized via an in situ sulfurization process, utilizing varying amounts of thioacetamide to control the sulfurization state of WO₃. These novel hierarchical WS₂/WO₃ nanohybrids exhibit remarkable selectivity towards TMA, as well as rapid response and recovery characteristics. Specially, the optimal WS₂/WO₃ sensor, composed of 5% WS₂/WO₃ nanohybrids, demonstrates exceptional TMA sensing performance, including a high response (19.45 at 10 ppm), good repeatability, reliable long-term stability, and a low theoretical detection limit (15.96 ppb). The superior sensing capabilities of the WS₂/WO₃ nanohybrids are attributed to the formation of p-n heterojunctions at the interface, the unique hierarchical structures, and the catalytic activity of WS₂. Overall, this work provides a straightforward and versatile approach for synthesizing multifunctional nanomaterials by combining metal oxide micro-flowers with transition metal dichalcogenide nanoflakes for applications in monitoring TMA in complex environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11356855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142080987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of PEG 4000 on the Physical and Microstructural Properties of 58S Bioactive Glasses.","authors":"Ioana Lavinia Lixandru Matei, Bogdan Alexandru Sava, Codruta Sarosi, Cristina Dușescu-Vasile, Daniela Roxana Popovici, Andreea Iuliana Ionescu, Dorin Bomboș, Marian Băjan, Rami Doukeh","doi":"10.3390/nano14161323","DOIUrl":"10.3390/nano14161323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioactive glass is currently considered a material with a high biocompatibility and has been used both in the field of bone regeneration and in the preparation of cosmetic products with the controlled release of active compounds. The present work involved a study on the synthesis of bioglass using the sol-gel process. The study aims to evaluate the influence of the treatment of bioglass with Polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) on its main characteristics. The surface characteristics of this material were obtained by nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis, using the standard BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) equation, the crystallinity by XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis, the surface structure by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), thermal stability by TGA (ThermoGravimetric Analyses), and chemical bonds changes by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy. After treatment with PEG 4000, the average diameter of the pores increased insignificantly, the crystallinity peak disappeared, and the SEM analysis highlighted several clusters of very small sizes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18966,"journal":{"name":"Nanomaterials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11357229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}