Nanotechnology, Science and Applications最新文献

{"title":"Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for α-Mangostin.","authors":"Nasrul Wathoni, Agus Rusdin, Keiichi Motoyama, I Made Joni, Ronny Lesmana, Muchtaridi Muchtaridi","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S243017","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSA.S243017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>α-Mangostin, a xanthone derivative from the pericarp of <i>Garcinia mangostana</i> L., has numerous bioactivities and pharmacological properties. However, α-mangostin has low aqueous solubility and poor target selectivity in the human body. Recently, nanoparticle drug delivery systems have become an excellent technique to improve the physicochemical properties and effectiveness of drugs. Therefore, many efforts have been made to overcome the limitations of α-mangostin through nanoparticle formulations. Our review aimed to summarise and discuss the nanoparticle drug delivery systems for α-mangostin from published papers recorded in Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar. We examined various types of nanoparticles for α-mangostin to enhance water solubility, provide controlled release and create targeted delivery systems. These forms include polymeric nanoparticles, nanomicelles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanofibers and nanoemulsions. Notably, nanomicelle modification increased α-mangostin solubility increased more than 10,000 fold. Additionally, polymeric nanoparticles provided targeted delivery and significantly enhanced the biodistribution of α-mangostin into specific organs. In conclusion, the nanoparticle drug delivery system could be a promising technique to increase the solubility, selectivity and efficacy of α-mangostin as a new drug candidate in clinical therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"13 ","pages":"23-36"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5d/85/nsa-13-23.PMC7132026.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37824961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Study of Biocompatible Polyurethane-Based Polymer-Metallic Nanocomposites.","authors":"István Csarnovics, Julia Burunkova, Danara Sviazhina, Evgeniy Oskolkov, George Alkhalil, Elena Orishak, Ludmila Nilova, István Szabó, Péter Rutka, Krisztián Bene, Attila Bácsi, Sándor Kökényesi","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S245071","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSA.S245071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In this work we selected components, developed technology and studied a number of parameters of polymer nanocomposite materials, remembering that the material would have high optical and good mechanical characteristics, good sorption ability in order to ensure high value of the optical signal for a short time while maintaining the initial geometric shape. In addition, if this nanocomposite is used for medicine and biology (biocompatible or biocidal materials or the creation of a sensor based on it), the material must be non-toxic and/or biocompatible. We study the creation of polymer nanocomposites which may be applied as biocompatible materials with new functional parameters.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A number of polymer nanocomposites based on various urethane-acrylate monomers and nanoparticles of gold, silicon oxides, zinc and/or titanium oxides are obtained, their mechanical (microhardness) properties and wettability (contact angle) are studied. The set of required, biology-related properties of these materials, such as toxicity and sorption of microorganisms are also investigated in order to prove their possible applicability.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The composition of the samples influences their microhardness and the value of contact angle, which means that varying with the monomer and the metallic, oxide nanoparticles composition, we could change these parameters. Besides it, the set of required, biology-related properties of these materials, such as toxicity and sorption of microorganisms were also investigated in order to prove their possible applicability. It was shown that the materials are non-toxic, the adhesion of microorganisms on their surface also could be varied by changing their composition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presented polymer nanocomposites with different compositions of monomer and the presence of nanoparticles in them are prospective material for a possible bio-application as it is biocompatible, not toxic. The sorption of microorganism could be varied depending on the type of bacterias, the monomer composition, and nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"13 ","pages":"11-22"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c4/21/nsa-13-11.PMC7127852.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37824960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio Micro-Nano Technologies of Antioxidants Optimised Their Pharmacological and Cellular Effects, ex vivo, in Pancreatic β-Cells.","authors":"Armin Mooranian,&nbsp;Nassim Zamani,&nbsp;Momir Mikov,&nbsp;Svetlana Goločorbin-Kon,&nbsp;Goran Stojanovic,&nbsp;Frank Arfuso,&nbsp;Bozica Kovacevic,&nbsp;Hani Al-Salami","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S212323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S212323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent formulation and microencapsulation studies of probucol (PB) using the polymer sodium alginate (SA) and bile acids have shown promising results but PB stability, and pharmacology profiles remain suboptimal. This study aimed to investigate novel polymers for the nano and micro encapsulation of PB, with the anti-inflammatory bile acid ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Six formulations using three types of polymers were investigated with and without UDCA. The polymers were NM30D, RL30D, and RS30D and they were mixed with SA and PB at set ratios and microencapsulated using oscillating-voltage-mediated nozzle technology coupled with ionic gelation. The microcapsules were examined for physical and biological effects using pancreatic β-cells.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>UDCA addition did not adversely affect the morphology and physical features of the microcapsules. Despite thermal stability remaining unchanged, bile acid incorporation did enhance the electrokinetic stability of the formulation system for NM30D and RL30D polymers. Mechanical stability remained similar in all groups. Enhanced uptake of PB from the microcapsule by pancreatic β-cells was only seen with NM30D-UDCA-intercalated microcapsules and this effect was sustained at both glucose levels of 5.5 and 35.5 mM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UDCA addition enhanced PB delivery and biological effects in a formulation-dependent manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"13 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2020-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S212323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37611619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loading Amlodipine on Diamond Nanoparticles: A Novel Drug Delivery System.","authors":"Shawqi H Alawdi,&nbsp;Housam Eidi,&nbsp;Marwa M Safar,&nbsp;Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S232517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S232517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diamond nanoparticles (Nanodiamond) are biocompatible drug delivery platforms with outstanding surface properties. Their passage into the brain has been confirmed previously. Thus, nanodiamond could provide a drug delivery system to shuttle several drugs through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which represents a real challenge for the effective delivery of several drugs into the brain. Amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that cannot pass through BBB and may elicit neuroprotective effects to reverse calcium-induced excitotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction that underlie several neurologic disorders including Alzheimer's disease and stroke.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to investigate the loading of amlodipine on nanodiamond particles.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nanodiamond particles were oxidized in a strong oxidizing acidic mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids. Adsorption of amlodipine on nanodiamond particles was achieved in alkaline pH using various concentrations of sodium hydroxide. The loaded amlodipine was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest percentage (41%) of loaded amlodipine onto nanodiamond particles was achieved in alkaline medium using 2 mM NaOH at a corresponding pH of 8.5. Also, characteristic FTIR bands of amlodipine and nanodiamond were shown obviously in the nanodiamond-amlodipine conjugates. Moreover, the successful loading of amlodipine on diamond nanoparticles was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study demonstrates the successful loading of amlodipine onto nanodiamond particles. These findings offer a potential for applying diamond nanoparticles as a drug delivery system to shuttle amlodipine into the brain and open the door to deliver other similar drugs into the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"12 ","pages":"47-53"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S232517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37677899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Static DNA Nanostructures For Cancer Theranostics: Recent Progress In Design And Applications.","authors":"Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan,&nbsp;Khaled Seidi,&nbsp;Ali Jahanban-Esfahlan,&nbsp;Mehdi Jaymand,&nbsp;Effat Alizadeh,&nbsp;Hasan Majdi,&nbsp;Reza Najjar,&nbsp;Tahereh Javaheri,&nbsp;Peyman Zare","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S227193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S227193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the various nano/biomaterials used in cancer treatment, the beauty and benefits of DNA nanocomposites are outstanding. The specificity and programmability of the base pairing of DNA strands, together with their ability to conjugate with different types of functionalities have realized unsurpassed potential for the production of two- and three-dimensional nano-sized structures in any shape, size, surface chemistry and functionality. This review aims to provide an insight into the diversity of static DNA nanodevices, including DNA origami, DNA polyhedra, DNA origami arrays and bioreactors, DNA nanoswitch, DNA nanoflower, hydrogel and dendrimer as young but promising platforms for cancer theranostics. The utility and potential of the individual formats in biomedical science and especially in cancer therapy will be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"12 ","pages":"25-46"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S227193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41205630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetically controlled protein nanocontainers as a drug depot for the hemostatic agent.","authors":"Artur Prilepskii,&nbsp;Alexandra Schekina,&nbsp;Vladimir Vinogradov","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S204621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S204621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Currently, there is a number of successfully implemented local hemostatic agents for external bleedings in forms of wound dressings and other topical materials. However, little has been done in the field of intravenous hemostatic agents. Here, we propose a new procedure to fabricate biocompatible protein nanocontainers (NCs) for intravenous injection allowing magneto-controllable delivery and short-term release of the hemostatic agent ε-aminocaproic acid (EACA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The nanocontainers were synthesized by the desolvation method from bovine serum albumin (BSA) using methanol without any further crosslinking. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used both as a stabilization agent and for size control. Characterization of nanocontainers was performed by the transmission and scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, and FTIR spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity was estimated using MTT assay. The dopant release from nanocontainers was measured spectrophotometrically using rhodamine B as a model molecule. The specific hemostatic activity was assessed by analyzing clot lysis and formation curve (CloFAL). Moreover, the ability for magneto targeting was estimated using the original flow setup made of a syringe pump and silicon contours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fabricated nanocontainers had an average size of 186±24 nm and were constructed from building blocks-nanoparticles with average size ranged from 10 to 20 nm. PEG shell was also observed around nanocontainers with thickness 5-10 nm. NCs were proved to be completely non-cytotoxic even at concentrations up to 8 mg BSA/mL. Uptake capacity was near 36% while release within the first day was 17%. The analysis of the CloFAL curve showed the ability of NCs to inhibit the clot lysis successfully, and the ability of magneto targeting was confirmed under flow conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ability of synthesized NCs to deliver and release the therapeutic drug, as well as to accumulate at the desired site under the action of the magnetic field was proved experimentally.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"12 ","pages":"11-23"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S204621","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41205629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamics and kinetic analysis of carbon nanofibers as nanozymes.","authors":"Maziar Bahreini,&nbsp;Monireh Movahedi,&nbsp;Maryam Peyvandi,&nbsp;Fereshteh Nematollahi,&nbsp;Hessam Sepasi Tehrani","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S208310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S208310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Evaluation of structural features, thermodynamics and kinetic properties of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) as artificial nanoscale enzymes (nanozyme).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Synthesis of CNFs was done using chemical vapor deposition, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to provide information on the morphology, elemental monitoring and impurity assay of the CNFs. The thermal features of the CNFs were evaluated using differential thermal analysis (DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) derivative and TGA. The calculated thermo-physical parameters were melting temperature (<i>Tm</i>), weight loss maximum temperature (<i>T_max</i> ) and enthalpy of fusion (Δ<i>H_fusion</i> ). Catalytic activity was assayed by a 4-aminoantypyrine (4-AAP)-H₂O₂ coupled colorimetric system by UV-visible spectroscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FE-SEM and TEM analysis demonstrated parallel graphitic layers and uniformity of atomic orientation and morphology. The EDX spectra approved carbon element as major signal and presence of partial Ti as impurities of CNFs during CVD process. The DTA thermogram showed the endothermic process had a maximum temperature of 82.27°C at -15.48 mV and that thermal decomposition occurred at about 200°C. The TGA-differential gravimetric analysis thermogram showed that <i>T_max</i> was 700°C. The DSC heat flow curve showed a melting temperature (Tm) of 254.52°C, Δ<i>H_fusion</i> of 3.84 J^.g^-1, area under the curve of 58.58 mJ and <i>T_e</i> (onset) and <i>T_f</i> (end set) temperatures of 246.60°C and 285.67°C, respectively. The peroxidase activity of the CNFs obeyed the Michaelis-Menten equation with a double-reciprocal curve and the calculated <i>K_m, K_cat</i> and <i>V_max</i> kinetic parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CNFs as peroxidase nanozymes are intrinsically strong and stable nanocatalysts under difficult thermal conditions. The peroxidase activity was demonstrated, making these CNFs candidates for analytical tools under extreme conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"12 ","pages":"3-10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S208310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41205631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of novel polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles for controlled delivery of doxorubicin [Retraction].","authors":"","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S207535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S207535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/NSA.S24328.].</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"12 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S207535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37269358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Polyaniline-Zr(IV) Molybdophosphate as a Nanocomposite and its Potential Applications","authors":"Bushra R, K. M.A, Sakdapipanich J.T","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1008","url":null,"abstract":"Electrically conductive composite material PANIZr(IV) molybdophosphate (PZMP) was synthesized, via treatment of Zr(IV) molybdophosphate with PANI(polyaniline) gel. The membrane of this material is fabricated for detection of mercury in waste samples. By using 4-in-line-probe the conducting behaviour of the material was determined, and it was found that conductivity of the nanocomposite lies in the range of semiconductors. The composite showed improved electrochemical properties and outstanding biological activities.","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"417 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77764530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FEM Analysis for Burring Process of Large Diameter SUS304 Tube","authors":"J. Ichikawa, S. Nishida, Yuta Kashitani, Kentaro Tsunoda, Yuto Horigome, Naoki Ikeda, Y. Sato","doi":"10.33425/2639-9466.1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9466.1011","url":null,"abstract":"T paper describes a finite element method (FEM) analysis for cold burring process of large diameter SUS304 pipe. The large diameter pipes such as 216.3 mm are used for a plant as a flow channel of gas and liquid. A burring process of pipe is generally for forming the branch. Burring molding is one of the typical molding techniques for branch pipes. The burring process is achieved by drawing of die from prepared hole. And the branch pipes are generally joined by welding. However this process has some problem. First, the burring process is depending on the forming limit of pipe. Second, the wall thickness and strain distribution of formed branch edge is unequal. These problem is caused the pre-hole shape. It generally has difficulty to determine the optimum pre-hole shape. Many try and error is needed. In this study, we proposed that the method of estimation for optimum pre-hole shape of mother pipe by finite element method analysis. The nominal diameter of mother pipe is 200A. And the target nominal diameter of branch pipe is 100A. The diameter is 114.3 mm, and the wall thickness is 3.0 mm. And target burring wall height is 10 mm with uniformly wall height around the edge. The height 10 mm means that is not needed the machining after burring process and is easy to weld to join the branch pipe to mother pipe. Initial pre-hole shape of analysis model is simple circle. After FEM analysis, the height of burring position was measured. Then the diameters of longitudinal direction and circumferential direction was adjusted. After optimum diameter of both direction diameter was determined, the diameter of 45 °direction was analyzed by using point tracking function to estimate of initial optimum diameter. Eventually, the burring formed shape had an uniform 10 mm height. It was clarified that the method of estimation for optimum pre-hole was effective. Junshi Ichikawa et al., Res. Rev. J Mat. Sci. 2018, Volume 6 DOI: 10.4172/2321-6212-C3-020","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85204853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}