Nanotechnology, Science and Applications最新文献

{"title":"The re-emergence of sodium ion batteries: testing, processing, and manufacturability.","authors":"Samuel Roberts, Emma Kendrick","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S146365","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSA.S146365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the re-emergence of sodium ion batteries (NIBs), we discuss the reasons for the recent interests in this technology and discuss the synergies between lithium ion battery (LIB) and NIB technologies and the potential for NIB as a \"drop-in\" technology for LIB manufacturing. The electrochemical testing of sodium materials in sodium metal anode arrangements is reviewed. The performance, stability, and polarization of the sodium in these test cells lead to alternative testing in three-electrode and alternative anode cell configurations. NIB manufacturability is also discussed, together with the impact that the material stability has upon the electrodes and coating. Finally, full-cell NIB technologies are reviewed, and literature proof-of-concept cells give an idea of some of the key differences in the testing protocols of these batteries. For more commercially relevant formats, safety, passive voltage control through cell balancing and cell formation aspects are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"23-33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/b5/nsa-11-023.PMC5989704.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36228769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid structures based on gold nanoparticles and semiconductor quantum dots for biosensor applications.","authors":"Margarita Kurochkina,&nbsp;Elena Konshina,&nbsp;Aleksandr Oseev,&nbsp;Soeren Hirsch","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S155045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S155045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The luminescence amplification of semiconductor quantum dots (QD) in the presence of self-assembled gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) is one of way for creating biosensors with highly efficient transduction.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The objective of this study was to fabricate the hybrid structures based on semiconductor CdSe/ZnS QDs and Au NP arrays and to use them as biosensors of protein.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this paper, the hybrid structures based on CdSe/ZnS QDs and Au NP arrays were fabricated using spin coating processes. Au NP arrays deposited on a glass wafer were investigated by optical microscopy and absorption spectroscopy depending on numbers of spin coating layers and their baking temperature. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as the target protein analyte in a phosphate buffer. A confocal laser scanning microscope was used to study the luminescent properties of Au NP/QD hybrid structures and to test BSA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The dimensions of Au NP aggregates increased and the space between them decreased with increasing processing temperature. At the same time, a blue shift of the plasmon resonance peak in the absorption spectra of Au NP arrays was observed. The deposition of CdSe/ZnS QDs with a core diameter of 5 nm on the surface of the Au NP arrays caused an increase in absorption and a red shift of the plasmon peak in the spectra. The exciton-plasmon enhancement of the QDs' photoluminescence intensity has been obtained at room temperature for hybrid structures with Au NPs array pretreated at temperatures of 100°C and 150°C. It has been found that an increase in the weight content of BSA increases the photoluminescence intensity of such hybrid structures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ability of the qualitative and quantitative determination of protein content in solution using the Au NP/QD structures as an optical biosensor has been shown experimentally.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S155045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36074738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-based synthesis of silver nanoparticles from orange waste: effects of distinct biomolecule coatings on size, morphology, and antimicrobial activity.","authors":"Caio Henrique Nasi de Barros,&nbsp;Guilherme Crispim Faria Cruz,&nbsp;Willian Mayrink,&nbsp;Ljubica Tasic","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S156115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S156115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite the numerous reports on biological syntheses of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), little is known about the composition of their capping agents, protein corona of plant extract-mediated synthesis, and their influence on the properties of AgNPs. Here, orange (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) waste was utilized as a source of an extract for AgNP synthesis (the protein corona composition of which was elucidated), and also as a starting material for hesperidin and nanocellulose extraction, which were used for bio-based AgNP synthesis. A comparison of the results using the two methods of synthesis is presented.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AgNPs were synthesized using orange (<i>C. sinensis</i>) peel extract (Or-AgNPs) in a biological route, and using hesperidin (Hsd-AgNPs) and nanocellulose (extracted from oranges) in a green chemical route. Characterization of nanoparticles was carried out using zeta potential and hydrodynamic size measurements, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Elucidation of proteins from protein corona was performed via ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer experiments. Antimicrobial activity was assessed via minimum inhibitory concentration assays against <i>Xanthomonas axonopodis</i> pv. <i>citri</i> (<i>Xac</i>), the bacterium that causes citric canker in oranges.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Or-AgNPs were not completely uniform in morphology, having a size of 48.1±20.5 nm and a zeta potential of -19.0±0.4 mV. Stabilization was performed mainly by three proteins, which were identified by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) experiments. Hsd-AgNPs were smaller (25.4±12.5 nm) and had uniform morphology. Nanocellulose provided a strong steric and electrostatic (-28.2±1.0 mV) stabilization to the nanoparticles. Both AgNPs presented roughly the same activity against <i>Xac</i>, with the minimum inhibitory concentration range between 22 and 24 μg mL^-1.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the fact that different capping biomolecules on AgNPs had an influence on morphology, size, and stability of AgNPs, the antibacterial activity against <i>Xac</i> was not sensitive to this parameter. Moreover, three proteins from the protein corona of Or-AgNPs were identified.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"11 ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2018-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S156115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35977595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved delivery of the anticancer agent citral using BSA nanoparticles and polymeric wafers.","authors":"Benjamin White,&nbsp;Anna Evison,&nbsp;Eszter Dombi,&nbsp;Helen E Townley","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S148068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S148068","url":null,"abstract":"Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, with a 5-year survival rate of between 30 and 65%. Standard treatment involves surgery, radiation treatment, and chemotherapy. However, there is a high recurrence rate, particularly from locoregional spread. We investigated the use of the natural compound citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal), which can be found in a number of plants, but is particularly abundant in lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) oil, for activity against immortalized RMS cells. Significant cancer cell death was seen at concentrations above 150 μM citral, and mitochondrial morphological changes were seen after incubation with 10 μM citral. However, since citral is a highly volatile molecule, we prepared albumin particles by a desolvation method to encapsulate citral, as a means of stabilization. We then further incorporated the loaded nanoparticles into a biodegradable polyanhydride wafer to generate a slow release system. The wafers were shown to degrade by 50% over the course of 25 days and to release the active compound. We therefore propose the use of the citral-nanoparticle-polymer wafers for implantation into the tumor bed after surgical removal of a sarcoma as a means to control locoregional spread due to any remaining cancerous cells.","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"10 ","pages":"163-175"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2017-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S148068","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35675621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A light-assisted in situ embedment of silver nanoparticles to prepare functionalized fabrics.","authors":"Her Shuang Toh, Roxanne Line Faure, Liyana Bte Mohd Amin, Crystal Yu Fang Hay, Saji George","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S139484","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSA.S139484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents a simple, one-step, in situ generation of silver nanoparticle-functionalized fabrics with antibacterial properties, circumventing the conventional, multistep, time-consuming methods. Silver nanoparticle formation was studied with a library of capping agents (branched polyethylenimine [BPEI] of molecular weight [M_w] 10,000 and 25,000, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylalcohol and citrate) mixed with silver nitrate. The mixture was then exposed to an assortment of light wavelengths (ultraviolet, infrared and simulated solar light) for studying the light-assisted synthesis of nanoparticles. The formation of nanoparticles corresponded with the reducing capabilities of the polymers wherein BPEI gave the best response. Notably, the irradiation wavelengths had little effect on the formation of the nanoparticle when the total irradiation energy was kept constant. The feasibility of utilizing this method for in situ nanoparticle synthesis on textile fabrics (towel [100% cotton], gauze [100% cotton], rayon, felt [100% polyester] and microfiber [15% nylon, 85% polyester]) was verified by exposing the fabrics soaked in an aqueous solution of 1% (w/v) AgNO₃ and 1% (w/v) BPEI (M_w 25,000) to light. The formation of nanoparticles on fabrics and their retention after washing was verified using scanning electron microscopy and quantified by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The functional property of the fabric as an antibacterial surface was successfully demonstrated using model bacteria such as <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The successful generation of silver nanoparticle-functionalized textile fabrics without the use of caustic chemicals, solvents and excessive heating presents a major step towards realizing a scalable green chemistry for industrial generation of functionalized fabrics for a wide range of applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"10 ","pages":"147-162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/74/c8/nsa-10-147.PMC5716315.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35653829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial characterization of silver nanoparticle-coated surfaces by \"touch test\" method.","authors":"Marianne Gunell,&nbsp;Janne Haapanen,&nbsp;Kofi J Brobbey,&nbsp;Jarkko J Saarinen,&nbsp;Martti Toivakka,&nbsp;Jyrki M Mäkelä,&nbsp;Pentti Huovinen,&nbsp;Erkki Eerola","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S139505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S139505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial infections, especially by antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria, are an increasing problem worldwide. AMR is especially a problem with health care-associated infections due to bacteria in hospital environments being easily transferred from patient to patient and from patient to environment, and thus, solutions to prevent bacterial transmission are needed. Hand washing is an effective tool for preventing bacterial infections, but other approaches such as nanoparticle-coated surfaces are also needed. In the current study, direct and indirect liquid flame spray (LFS) method was used to produce silver nanoparticle-coated surfaces. The antimicrobial properties of these nanoparticle surfaces were evaluated with the \"touch test\" method against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. It was shown in this study that in glass samples one silver nanoparticle-coating cycle can inhibit <i>E. coli</i> growth, whereas at least two coating cycles were needed to inhibit <i>S</i>. <i>aureus</i> growth. Silver nanoparticle-coated polyethylene (PE) and PE terephthalate samples did not inhibit bacterial growth as effectively as glass samples: three nanoparticle-coating cycles were needed to inhibit <i>E. coli</i> growth, and more than 30 coating cycles were needed until <i>S. aureus</i> growth was inhibited. To conclude, with the LFS method, it is possible to produce nanostructured large-area antibacterial surfaces which show antibacterial effect against clinically relevant pathogens. Results indicate that the use of silver nanoparticle surfaces in hospital environments could prevent health care-associated infections in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"10 ","pages":"137-145"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S139505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35643105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of surface organic coatings of cellulose nanocrystals on the viability of mammalian cell lines.","authors":"Ambar S Jimenez, Francesca Jaramillo, Usha D Hemraz, Yaman Boluk, Karina Ckless, Rajesh Sunasee","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S145891","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSA.S145891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have emerged as promising candidates for a number of bio-applications. Surface modification of CNCs continues to gain significant research interest as it imparts new properties to the surface of the nanocrystals for the design of multifunctional CNCs-based materials. A small chemical surface modification can potentially lead to drastic behavioral changes of cell-material interactions thereby affecting the intended bio-application. In this work, unmodified CNCs were covalently decorated with four different organic moieties such as a diaminobutane fragment, a cyclic oligosaccharide (<i>β</i>-cyclodextrin), a thermoresponsive polymer (poly[<i>N</i>-isopropylacrylamide]), and a cationic aminomethacrylamide-based polymer using different synthetic covalent methods. The effect of surface coatings of CNCs and the respective dose-response of the above organic moieties on the cell viability were evaluated on mammalian cell cultures (J774A.1 and MFC-7), using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphe-nyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays. Overall, the results indicated that cells exposed to surface-coated CNCs for 24 h did not display major changes in cell viability, membrane permeability as well as cell morphology. However, with longer exposure, all these parameters were somewhat affected, which appears not to be correlated with either anionic or cationic surface coatings of CNCs used in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"10 ","pages":"123-136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2017-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/da/46/nsa-10-123.PMC5628661.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35608708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.","authors":"R Salomoni,&nbsp;P Léo,&nbsp;A F Montemor,&nbsp;B G Rinaldi,&nbsp;Mfa Rodrigues","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S133415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S133415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> has great intrinsic antimicrobial resistance limiting the number of effective antibiotics. Thus, other antimicrobial agents such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered potential agents to help manage and prevent infections. AgNPs can be used in several applications against bacteria resistant to common antibiotics or even multi-resistant bacteria such as <i>P. aeruginosa</i>. This study assessed the antimicrobial activity of commercial 10 nm AgNPs on two hospital strains of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> resistant to a large number of antibiotics and a reference strain from a culture collection. All strains were susceptible to 5 µg/mL nanoparticles solution. Reference strains INCQS 0230 and P.a.1 were sensitive to AgNPs at concentrations of 1.25 and 0.156 µg/mL, respectively; however, this was not observed for hospital strain P.a.2, which was more resistant to all antibiotics and AgNPs tested. Cytotoxicity evaluation indicated that AgNPs, up to a concentration of 2.5 µg/mL, are very safe for all cell lines tested. At 5.0 µg/mL, AgNPs had a discrete cytotoxic effect on tumor cells HeLa and HepG2. Results showed the potential of using AgNPs as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial agents that are currently used, and a perspective for application of nanosilver with antibiotics to enhance antimicrobial activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"10 ","pages":"115-121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2017-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S133415","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35179624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of barium-coated halloysite nanotube addition on the cytocompatibility, mechanical and contrast properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) cement.","authors":"Uday Jammalamadaka,&nbsp;Karthik Tappa,&nbsp;Jeffery A Weisman,&nbsp;James Connor Nicholson,&nbsp;David K Mills","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S131412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S131412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were investigated as a platform for tunable nanoparticle composition and enhanced opacity in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement. Halloysite has been widely used to increase the mechanical properties of various polymer matrices, in stark contrast to other fillers such as barium sulfate that provide opacity but also decrease mechanical strength. The present work describes a dry deposition method for successively fabricating barium sulfate nanoparticles onto the exterior surface of HNTs. A sintering process was used to coat the HNTs in barium sulfate. Barium sulfate-coated HNTs were then added to PMMA bone cement and the samples were tested for mechanical strength and tailored opacity correlated with the fabrication ratio and the amount of barium sulfate-coated HNTs added. The potential cytotoxic effect of barium-coated HNTs in PMMA cement was also tested on osteosarcoma cells. Barium-coated HNTs were found to be completely cytocompatible, and cell proliferation was not inhibited after exposure to the barium-coated HNTs embedded in PMMA cement. We demonstrate a simple method for the creation of barium-coated nanoparticles that imparted improved contrast and material properties to native PMMA. An easy and efficient method for coating clay nanotubes offers the potential for enhanced imaging by radiologists or orthopedic surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"10 ","pages":"105-114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2017-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2147/NSA.S131412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35120514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro activity against <i>Candida</i> spp. of fluconazole encapsulated on cationic and conventional nanoparticles of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid).","authors":"Nicolás Gómez-Sequeda, Rodrigo Torres, Claudia Ortiz","doi":"10.2147/NSA.S96018","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSA.S96018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, nanoparticles (NPs) of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) loaded with fluconazole (FLZ) and FLZ-NPs coated with the cationic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) (FLZ-NP-PEI) were synthetized in order to improve antimycotic activity against four strains of <i>Candida</i> spp. of clinical relevance. FLZ-NPs and FLZ-NP-PEI were synthesized by double emulsion solvent-diffusion (DES-D) and characterized. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC₅₀) and minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) were determined in vitro by culturing <i>Candida</i> strains in the presence of these nanocompounds. FLZ-NPs were spherical in shape with hydrodynamic sizes of ~222 nm and surface charge of -11.6 mV. The surface charges of these NPs were successfully modified using PEI (FLZ-NP-PEI) with mean hydrodynamic sizes of 281 nm and surface charge of 23.5 mV. The efficiency of encapsulation (~53%) and a quick release of FLZ (≥90% after 3 h) were obtained. Cytotoxicity assay showed a good cell viability for FLZ-NPs (≥86%), and PEI-modified NPs presented a decrease in cell viability (~38%). FLZ-NPs showed an increasing antifungal activity of FLZ for sensitive (<i>Candida parapsilosis</i> ATCC22019 and <i>Candida albicans</i> ATCC10231, MIC₅₀ =0.5 and 0.1 µg/mL, respectively) and resistant strains (<i>Candida glabrata</i> EMLM14 and <i>Candida krusei</i> ATCC6258, MIC₅₀ =0.1 and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively). FLZ-NP-PEI showed fungicidal activity even against <i>C. glabrata</i> and <i>C. krusei</i> (MFC =4 and 8 µg/mL, respectively). MIC₅₀ values showed best results for FLZ-NPs and FLZ-NP-PEI. Nevertheless, only FLZ-NP-PEI displayed fungicidal activity against the studied strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":18881,"journal":{"name":"Nanotechnology, Science and Applications","volume":"10 ","pages":"95-104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8c/66/nsa-10-095.PMC5441665.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35052839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}