National Science Review最新文献_第3页

Controlled van der Waals epitaxy of 2D single-crystal molecular film. 二维单晶分子膜的可控范德华外延。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-25 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae405

Xinghui Liu, Young Hee Lee

引用次数: 0

Unraveling climate change-induced compound low-solar-low-wind extremes in China. 解开中国气候变化引起的复合低太阳-低风极端现象。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-25 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae424

Licheng Wang, Yawen Liu, Lei Zhao, Xi Lu, Liangdian Huang, Yana Jin, Steven J Davis, Amir Aghakouchak, Xin Huang, Tong Zhu, Yue Qin

{"title":"Unraveling climate change-induced compound low-solar-low-wind extremes in China.","authors":"Licheng Wang, Yawen Liu, Lei Zhao, Xi Lu, Liangdian Huang, Yana Jin, Steven J Davis, Amir Aghakouchak, Xin Huang, Tong Zhu, Yue Qin","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae424","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae424","url":null,"abstract":"China's pursuit of carbon neutrality targets hinges on a profound shift towards low-carbon energy, primarily reliant on intermittent and variable, yet crucial, solar and wind power sources. In particular, low-solar-low-wind (LSLW) compound extremes present a critical yet largely ignored threat to the reliability of renewable electricity generation. While existing studies have largely evaluated the impacts of average climate-induced changes in renewable energy resources, comprehensive analyses of the compound extremes and, particularly, the underpinning dynamic mechanisms remain scarce. Here we show the dynamic evolution of compound LSLW extremes and their underlying mechanisms across China via coupling multi-model simulations with diagnostic analysis. Our results unveil a strong topographic dependence in the frequency of compound LSLW extremes, with a national average frequency of 16.4 (10th-90th percentile interval ranges from 5.3 to 32.6) days/yr, when renewable energy resources in eastern China are particularly compromised (∼80% lower than that under an average climate). We reveal a striking increase in the frequency of LSLW extremes, ranging from 12.4% under SSP126 to 60.2% under SSP370, primarily driven by both renewable energy resource declines and increasingly heavily-tailed distributions, resulting from weakened meridional temperature (pressure) gradient, increased frequency of extremely dense cloud cover and additional distinctive influence of increased aerosols under SSP370. Our study underscores the urgency of preparing for significantly heightened occurrences of LSLW events in a warmer future, emphasizing that such climate-induced compound LSLW extreme changes are not simply by chance, but rather projectable, thereby underscoring the need for proactive adaptation strategies. Such insights are crucial for countries navigating a similar transition towards renewable energy.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae424"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11715666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unlocking new possibilities in ionic thermoelectric materials: a machine learning perspective. 打开离子热电材料的新可能性：机器学习的视角。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-23 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae411

Yidan Wu, Dongxing Song, Meng An, Cheng Chi, Chunyu Zhao, Bing Yao, Weigang Ma, Xing Zhang

{"title":"Unlocking new possibilities in ionic thermoelectric materials: a machine learning perspective.","authors":"Yidan Wu, Dongxing Song, Meng An, Cheng Chi, Chunyu Zhao, Bing Yao, Weigang Ma, Xing Zhang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae411","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae411","url":null,"abstract":"The high thermopower of ionic thermoelectric (i-TE) materials holds promise for miniaturized waste-heat recovery devices and thermal sensors. However, progress is hampered by laborious trial-and-error experimentations, which lack theoretical underpinning. Herein, by introducing the simplified molecular-input line-entry system, we have addressed the challenge posed by the inconsistency of i-TE material types, and present a machine learning model that evaluates the Seebeck coefficient with an R 2 of 0.98 on the test dataset. Using this tool, we experimentally identify a waterborne polyurethane/potassium iodide ionogel with a Seebeck coefficient of 41.39 mV/K. Furthermore, interpretable analysis reveals that the number of rotatable bonds and the octanol-water partition coefficient of ions negatively affect Seebeck coefficients, which is corroborated by molecular dynamics simulations. This machine learning-assisted framework represents a pioneering effort in the i-TE field, offering significant promise for accelerating the discovery and development of high-performance i-TE materials.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae411"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular modification enables CO₂ electroreduction to methane on platinum surface in acidic media. 分子修饰使CO2在酸性介质中电还原为铂表面的甲烷。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-19 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae361

Hengpan Yang, Huizhu Cai, Deliang Li, Yan Kong, Shangzhao Feng, Xingxing Jiang, Qi Hu, Chuanxin He

{"title":"Molecular modification enables CO2 electroreduction to methane on platinum surface in acidic media.","authors":"Hengpan Yang, Huizhu Cai, Deliang Li, Yan Kong, Shangzhao Feng, Xingxing Jiang, Qi Hu, Chuanxin He","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae361","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae361","url":null,"abstract":"Cu-based materials can produce hydrocarbons in CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR), but their stability still needs to be enhanced particularly in acidic media. Metallic Pt is highly stable in both acidic and alkaline media, yet rarely utilized in CO2RR, due to the competitive activity in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this research, abundant thionine (Th) molecules are stably confined within Pt nanocrystals via a molecular doping strategy. The Pt surface is successfully modulated by these Th molecules, and thereby the dominant HER activity is converted to CO2RR activity. CO2 could be electroreduced to CH4 using organic molecule-modified Pt-based catalysts for the first time. Specifically, this composite catalyst maintains more than 100-hour stability in strong acid conditions (pH 1), even comparable to those state-of-the-art CO2RR catalysts. In-situ spectroscopic analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the molecular modification can decrease the energy barrier for *COOH formation, and guarantee the sufficient local *H near Pt surface. Additionally, the *H derived from H2O dissociation is favorable for the *CO hydrogenation pathway towards *CHO, eventually leading to the formation of CH4. This strategy might be easily applied to microenvironment and interface regulation in other electrocatalytic reactions.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 12","pages":"nwae361"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mercury records from natural archives reveal ecosystem responses to changing atmospheric deposition. 来自自然档案的汞记录揭示了生态系统对大气沉积变化的响应。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-19 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae417

Qinqin Chen, Qingru Wu, Yuying Cui, Shuxiao Wang

{"title":"Mercury records from natural archives reveal ecosystem responses to changing atmospheric deposition.","authors":"Qinqin Chen, Qingru Wu, Yuying Cui, Shuxiao Wang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae417","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae417","url":null,"abstract":"Global ecosystems face mercury contamination, yet long-term data are scarce, hindering understanding of ecosystem responses to atmospheric Hg input changes. To bridge the data gap and assess ecosystem responses, we compiled and compared a mercury accumulation database from peat, lake, ice and marine deposits worldwide with atmospheric mercury deposition modelled by GEOS-Chem, focusing on trends, magnitudes, spatial-temporal distributions and impact factors. The mercury fluxes in all four deposits showed a 5- to 9-fold increase over 1700-2012, with lake and peat mercury fluxes that generally mirrored atmospheric deposition trends. Significant decreases in lake and peat mercury fluxes post-1950 in Europe evidenced effective environmental policies, whereas rises in East Asia, Africa and Oceania highlighted coal-use impacts, inter alia. Conversely, mercury fluxes in marine and high-altitude ecosystems did not align well with atmospheric deposition, emphasizing natural influences over anthropogenic impacts. Our study underscores the importance of these key regions and ecosystems for future mercury management.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 12","pages":"nwae417"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A tactile perception method with flexible grating structural color. 一种柔性光栅结构色彩的触觉感知方法。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-15 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae413

Yuze Qiu, Chunfei Yan, Yan Zhang, Shengxuan Yang, Xiang Yao, Fawen Ai, Jinjin Zheng, Shiwu Zhang, Xinge Yu, Erbao Dong

{"title":"A tactile perception method with flexible grating structural color.","authors":"Yuze Qiu, Chunfei Yan, Yan Zhang, Shengxuan Yang, Xiang Yao, Fawen Ai, Jinjin Zheng, Shiwu Zhang, Xinge Yu, Erbao Dong","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae413","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae413","url":null,"abstract":"Affordable high-resolution cameras and state-of-the-art computer vision techniques have led to the emergence of various vision-based tactile sensors. However, current vision-based tactile sensors mainly depend on geometric optics or marker tracking for tactile assessments, resulting in limited performance. To solve this dilemma, we introduce optical interference patterns as the visual representation of tactile information for flexible tactile sensors. We propose a novel tactile perception method and its corresponding sensor, combining structural colors from flexible blazed gratings with deep learning. The richer structural colors and finer data processing foster the tactile estimation performance. The proposed sensor has an overall normal force magnitude accuracy of 6 mN, a planar resolution of 79 μm and a contact-depth resolution of 25 μm. This work presents a promising tactile method that combines wave optics, soft materials and machine learning. It performs well in tactile measurement, and can be expanded into multiple sensing fields.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae413"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of global warming and human activity on mercury accumulation patterns in wetlands across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. 全球变暖和人类活动对青藏高原湿地汞积累格局的影响

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-15 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae414

Xinbin Feng, Xun Wang, Longyu Jia, Wei Yuan, Meng Lu, Nantao Liu, Fei Wu, Xinyuan Cai, Feiyue Wang, Che-Jen Lin

{"title":"Influence of global warming and human activity on mercury accumulation patterns in wetlands across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.","authors":"Xinbin Feng, Xun Wang, Longyu Jia, Wei Yuan, Meng Lu, Nantao Liu, Fei Wu, Xinyuan Cai, Feiyue Wang, Che-Jen Lin","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae414","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae414","url":null,"abstract":"Wetlands in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are a unique and fragile ecosystem undergoing rapid changes. We show two unique patterns of mercury (Hg) accumulation in wetland sediments. One is the 'surface peak' in monsoon-controlled regions and the other is the 'subsurface peak' in westerly-controlled regions. The former is attributed to the combined effects of increasing anthropogenic emissions and climate-induced changes in the cryosphere and wetland hydrology in the last 100-150 years. The climate changes in westerly-controlled regions in the last 50-70 years led to a fluctuation in hydrology and Hg peak in the sediment subsurface. The increase in legacy Hg input from soil erosion has largely enhanced the Hg accumulation rate in wetlands since the 1950s, especially in the proglacial wetlands. We highlight that accelerated glacier melting and permafrost thawing caused by global warming have altered geomorphology and hydrology, and affected Hg transport and accumulation in wetlands.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae414"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142951235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Humidity resilient ionogels for joint pressure monitoring. 用于关节压力监测的湿弹性离子凝胶。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-15 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae412

Yadong Xu, Wei Gao

引用次数: 0

A butterfly-shaped acceptor with rigid skeleton and unique assembly enables both efficient organic photovoltaics and high-speed organic photodetectors. 蝴蝶形状的受体具有刚性骨架和独特的组件，可以实现高效的有机光伏和高速有机光电探测器。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae409

Wendi Shi, Qiansai Han, Yu Zhu, Yingjun Xia, Tengfei He, Shijie Wang, Longyu Li, Wei Ma, Guankui Long, Guanghui Li, Zhaoyang Yao, Chenxi Li, Xiangjian Wan, Yongsheng Chen

{"title":"A butterfly-shaped acceptor with rigid skeleton and unique assembly enables both efficient organic photovoltaics and high-speed organic photodetectors.","authors":"Wendi Shi, Qiansai Han, Yu Zhu, Yingjun Xia, Tengfei He, Shijie Wang, Longyu Li, Wei Ma, Guankui Long, Guanghui Li, Zhaoyang Yao, Chenxi Li, Xiangjian Wan, Yongsheng Chen","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae409","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae409","url":null,"abstract":"It remains challenging to design efficient bifunctional semiconductor materials in organic photovoltaic and photodetector devices. Here, we report a butterfly-shaped molecule, named WD-6, which exhibits low energy disorder and small reorganization energy due to its enhanced molecular rigidity and unique assembly with strong intermolecular interaction. The binary photovoltaic device based on PM6:WD-6 achieved an efficiency of 18.41%. Notably, an efficiency of 19.42% was achieved for the ternary device based on PM6:BTP-eC9:WD-6. Moreover, the photodetection device based on WD-6 demonstrated an ultrafast response speed (205 ns response time at λ of 820 nm) and a high cutoff frequency of -3 dB (2.45 MHz), surpassing the values of most commercial Si photodiodes. Based on these findings, we showcased an application of the WD-6-based photodetection device in high-speed optical communication. These results offer valuable insights into the design of organic semiconductor materials capable of simultaneously exhibiting high photovoltaic and photodetective performance.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae409"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tailoring rhodium-based metal-organic layers for parahydrogen-induced polarization: achieving 20% polarization of ¹H in liquid phase. 定制铑基金属有机层用于对氢诱导极化：在液相中实现20%的1H极化。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-13 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae406

Jiawei Chen, Qi Zhang, Tao Chen, Zeyu Zheng, Yuhang Song, Huichong Liu, Ziqiao Chen, Jing Wang, Haoshang Wang, Huijun Sun, Xinchang Wang, Zhong Chen, Cheng Wang, Zhongqun Tian

{"title":"Tailoring rhodium-based metal-organic layers for parahydrogen-induced polarization: achieving 20% polarization of 1H in liquid phase.","authors":"Jiawei Chen, Qi Zhang, Tao Chen, Zeyu Zheng, Yuhang Song, Huichong Liu, Ziqiao Chen, Jing Wang, Haoshang Wang, Huijun Sun, Xinchang Wang, Zhong Chen, Cheng Wang, Zhongqun Tian","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae406","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae406","url":null,"abstract":"Heterogeneous catalysts for parahydrogen-induced polarization (HET-PHIP) would be useful for producing highly sensitive contrasting agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the liquid phase, as they can be removed by simple filtration. Although homogeneous hydrogenation catalysts are highly efficient for PHIP, their sensitivity decreases when anchored on porous supports due to slow substrate diffusion to the active sites and rapid depolarization within the channels. To address this challenge, we explored 2D metal-organic layers (MOLs) as supports for active Rh complexes with diverse phosphine ligands and tunable hydrogenation activities, taking advantage of the accessible active sites and chemical adaptability of the MOLs. By adjusting the electronic properties of phosphines, TPP-MOL-Rh-dppb (TPP = tris(4-carboxylphenyl)phosphine), featuring a κ 2-connected di(phosphine) ligand, generated hyperpolarized styrene achieving an over-2400-fold signal enhancement and a polarization level of 20% for 1H in methanol-d 4 solution. The TPP-MOL-Rh-dppb effectively inherited the high efficiency and pairwise addition of its homogenous catalyst while maintaining the heterogeneity of MOLs. This work demonstrates the potential of 2D phosphine-functionalized MOLs as heterogeneous solid support for HET-PHIP.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae406"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0