National Science Review最新文献

Artificial intelligence and biological research.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-28 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae415

Chung-I Wu, Cai Li

引用次数: 0

Controlled van der Waals epitaxy of 2D single-crystal molecular film.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-25 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae405

Xinghui Liu, Young Hee Lee

引用次数: 0

Molecular modification enables CO₂ electroreduction to methane on platinum surface in acidic media.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-19 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae361

Hengpan Yang, Huizhu Cai, Deliang Li, Yan Kong, Shangzhao Feng, Xingxing Jiang, Qi Hu, Chuanxin He

{"title":"Molecular modification enables CO2 electroreduction to methane on platinum surface in acidic media.","authors":"Hengpan Yang, Huizhu Cai, Deliang Li, Yan Kong, Shangzhao Feng, Xingxing Jiang, Qi Hu, Chuanxin He","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae361","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae361","url":null,"abstract":"Cu-based materials can produce hydrocarbons in CO2 electroreduction (CO2RR), but their stability still needs to be enhanced particularly in acidic media. Metallic Pt is highly stable in both acidic and alkaline media, yet rarely utilized in CO2RR, due to the competitive activity in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In this research, abundant thionine (Th) molecules are stably confined within Pt nanocrystals via a molecular doping strategy. The Pt surface is successfully modulated by these Th molecules, and thereby the dominant HER activity is converted to CO2RR activity. CO2 could be electroreduced to CH4 using organic molecule-modified Pt-based catalysts for the first time. Specifically, this composite catalyst maintains more than 100-hour stability in strong acid conditions (pH 1), even comparable to those state-of-the-art CO2RR catalysts. In-situ spectroscopic analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the molecular modification can decrease the energy barrier for *COOH formation, and guarantee the sufficient local *H near Pt surface. Additionally, the *H derived from H2O dissociation is favorable for the *CO hydrogenation pathway towards *CHO, eventually leading to the formation of CH4. This strategy might be easily applied to microenvironment and interface regulation in other electrocatalytic reactions.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 12","pages":"nwae361"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11631074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Humidity resilient ionogels for joint pressure monitoring.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-15 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae412

Yadong Xu, Wei Gao

引用次数: 0

A survey on multimodal large language models.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-12 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae403

Shukang Yin, Chaoyou Fu, Sirui Zhao, Ke Li, Xing Sun, Tong Xu, Enhong Chen

{"title":"A survey on multimodal large language models.","authors":"Shukang Yin, Chaoyou Fu, Sirui Zhao, Ke Li, Xing Sun, Tong Xu, Enhong Chen","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae403","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae403","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the multimodal large language model (MLLM) represented by GPT-4V has been a new rising research hotspot, which uses powerful large language models (LLMs) as a brain to perform multimodal tasks. The surprising emergent capabilities of the MLLM, such as writing stories based on images and optical character recognition-free math reasoning, are rare in traditional multimodal methods, suggesting a potential path to artificial general intelligence. To this end, both academia and industry have endeavored to develop MLLMs that can compete with or even outperform GPT-4V, pushing the limit of research at a surprising speed. In this paper, we aim to trace and summarize the recent progress of MLLMs. First, we present the basic formulation of the MLLM and delineate its related concepts, including architecture, training strategy and data, as well as evaluation. Then, we introduce research topics about how MLLMs can be extended to support more granularity, modalities, languages and scenarios. We continue with multimodal hallucination and extended techniques, including multimodal in-context learning, multimodal chain of thought and LLM-aided visual reasoning. To conclude the paper, we discuss existing challenges and point out promising research directions.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 12","pages":"nwae403"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MoO_2.8F_0.2/MoO_2.4F_0.6 heterostructures for high-rate magnesium-ion battery cathodes.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-12 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae390

Ze He, Michael De Volder

引用次数: 0

Genetic and neuronal basis for facial emotion perception in humans and macaques.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-08 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae381

Li Wang, Bo Zhang, Xiqian Lu, Ruidi Wang, Jian Ma, Yujie Chen, Yuan Zhou, Ji Dai, Yi Jiang

{"title":"Genetic and neuronal basis for facial emotion perception in humans and macaques.","authors":"Li Wang, Bo Zhang, Xiqian Lu, Ruidi Wang, Jian Ma, Yujie Chen, Yuan Zhou, Ji Dai, Yi Jiang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae381","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae381","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to rapidly recognize basic facial emotions (e.g. fear) is crucial for social interactions and adaptive functioning. To date, the origin of facial-emotion-recognition ability remains equivocal. Using a classical twin design in humans, we found a clear dissection of low and high spatial frequencies (LSF and HSF) in facial emotion perception: whereas genetic factors contributed to individual variation in LSF processing, HSF processing is largely shaped by environmental effects. Furthermore, the ability to recognize facial emotions of LSF content genetically correlated with the function of the amygdala. Crucially, single-unit recording of the amygdala in macaques further revealed the dissociation between LSF and HSF processing in facial emotion perception, indicating the existence of an evolutionarily conserved mechanism. This cross-species study enhances insights into the neurobiological dual-route model (subcortical vs. cortical) of emotion perception and illuminates the origin and the functional development of the emotional brain in primates.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 11","pages":"nwae381"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11614104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultraslow spreading ridges: slowest but locally thickest. 超慢扩张脊：扩张速度最慢，但局部厚度最大。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae399

Chuan-Zhou Liu, Ri-Xiang Zhu

引用次数: 0

Integrative study of lung cancer adeno-to-squamous transition in EGFR TKI resistance identifies RAPGEF3 as a therapeutic target.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-07 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae392

Hua Wang, Shijie Tang, Qibiao Wu, Yayi He, Weikang Zhu, Xinyun Xie, Zhen Qin, Xue Wang, Shiyu Zhou, Shun Yao, Xiaoling Xu, Chenchen Guo, Xinyuan Tong, Shuo Han, Yueh-Hung Chou, Yong Wang, Kwok-Kin Wong, Cai-Guang Yang, Luonan Chen, Liang Hu, Hongbin Ji

{"title":"Integrative study of lung cancer adeno-to-squamous transition in EGFR TKI resistance identifies RAPGEF3 as a therapeutic target.","authors":"Hua Wang, Shijie Tang, Qibiao Wu, Yayi He, Weikang Zhu, Xinyun Xie, Zhen Qin, Xue Wang, Shiyu Zhou, Shun Yao, Xiaoling Xu, Chenchen Guo, Xinyuan Tong, Shuo Han, Yueh-Hung Chou, Yong Wang, Kwok-Kin Wong, Cai-Guang Yang, Luonan Chen, Liang Hu, Hongbin Ji","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae392","url":null,"abstract":"Although adeno-to-squamous transition (AST) has been observed in association with resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in clinic, its causality, molecular mechanism and overcoming strategies remain largely unclear. We here demonstrate that squamous transition occurs concomitantly with TKI resistance in PC9-derived xenograft tumors. Perturbation of squamous transition via DNp63 overexpression or knockdown leads to significant changes in TKI responses, indicative of a direct causal link between squamous transition and TKI resistance. Integrative RNA-seq, ATAC-seq analyses and functional studies reveal that FOXA1 plays an important role in maintaining adenomatous lineage and contributes to TKI sensitivity. FOXM1 overexpression together with FOXA1 knockout fully recapitulates squamous transition and TKI resistance in both PC9 xenografts and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of RAPGEF3 combined with EGFR TKI efficiently overcomes TKI resistance, especially in RAPGEF3high PDXs. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into squamous transition and therapeutic strategy to overcome EGFR TKI resistance in lung cancer.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 12","pages":"nwae392"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11647589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142837807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential health risks of hypomagnetic field for manned deep-space explorations.

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-11-05 eCollection Date: 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae395

Lanxiang Tian, Jie Ren, Yukai Luo, Yinghui Li, Weixiang Guo, Bingfang Zhang, Yongxin Pan

引用次数: 0