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The search for life signatures on Mars by the Tianwen-3 Mars sample return mission. 天问三号火星取样返回任务在火星上寻找生命迹象。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae313
Zengqian Hou, Jizhong Liu, Yigang Xu, Fuchuan Pang, Yuming Wang, Liping Qin, Yang Liu, Yu-Yan Sara Zhao, Guangfei Wei, Mengjiao Xu, Kun Jiang, Chuanpeng Hao, Shichao Ji, Renzhi Zhu, Bingkun Yu, Jia Liu, Zhenfeng Sheng, Juntao Wang, Chaolin Zhang, Yiliang Li
{"title":"The search for life signatures on Mars by the Tianwen-3 Mars sample return mission.","authors":"Zengqian Hou, Jizhong Liu, Yigang Xu, Fuchuan Pang, Yuming Wang, Liping Qin, Yang Liu, Yu-Yan Sara Zhao, Guangfei Wei, Mengjiao Xu, Kun Jiang, Chuanpeng Hao, Shichao Ji, Renzhi Zhu, Bingkun Yu, Jia Liu, Zhenfeng Sheng, Juntao Wang, Chaolin Zhang, Yiliang Li","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae313","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present the proposed strategic study, 'Integrated elements for Martian life signature exploration', to support the sampling and identification of any potential biosignatures in compliance with the engineering constraints of the Tianwen-3 mission.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 11","pages":"nwae313"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11540159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142589898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Designing a 2D van der Waals oxide with lone-pair electrons as chemical scissor. 设计以孤对电子为化学剪刀的二维范德华氧化物。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae370
Zhipeng Du, Xu Chen, Wei Liu, Han Wang, Qianting Xu, Xiaoying Shang, Yipeng Song, Xueyuan Chen, Junhua Luo, Sangen Zhao
{"title":"Designing a 2D van der Waals oxide with lone-pair electrons as chemical scissor.","authors":"Zhipeng Du, Xu Chen, Wei Liu, Han Wang, Qianting Xu, Xiaoying Shang, Yipeng Song, Xueyuan Chen, Junhua Luo, Sangen Zhao","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae370","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials are known for their intriguing physical properties, but their rational design and synthesis remain a great challenge for chemists. In this work, we successfully synthesized a new non-centrosymmetric oxide, i.e. InSbMoO<sub>6</sub>, with Sb<sup>3+</sup> lone-pair electrons serving as chemical scissor to generate its 2D vdW crystal structure. Monolayer and few-layer InSbMoO<sub>6</sub> flakes are readily obtained via facile mechanical exfoliation. They exhibit strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) response with an effective second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility [Formula: see text]of 32.4 pm·V<sup>-1</sup>. Meanwhile, the SHG response is in-plane anisotropic and directly proportional to the layer thickness, independent of layer parity. In addition, the InSbMoO<sub>6</sub> flakes exhibit excellent thermal and atmospheric stability, along with pronounced anisotropy in Raman spectroscopy. This work implies that using lone-pair electrons as chemical scissor is an effective strategy for designing and synthesizing new 2D vdW materials for integrated photonic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 1","pages":"nwae370"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11702660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Shaping the future of fiber technology: exploring functional and smart innovations. 塑造纤维技术的未来：探索功能和智能创新。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-21 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae373
Meifang Zhu
{"title":"Shaping the future of fiber technology: exploring functional and smart innovations.","authors":"Meifang Zhu","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae373","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae373","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 10","pages":"nwae373"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chemical synthesis-based structure correction of a claimed protein-free antifreeze oligosaccharide. 基于化学合成的无蛋白质抗冻寡糖结构校正。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-17 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae364
David Crich
{"title":"Chemical synthesis-based structure correction of a claimed protein-free antifreeze oligosaccharide.","authors":"David Crich","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae364","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 11","pages":"nwae364"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11601987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reversible-gel-assisted, ambient-pressure-dried, multifunctional, flame-retardant biomass aerogels with smart high-strength-elasticity transformation. 可逆凝胶辅助、常压干燥、多功能、阻燃生物质气凝胶，具有智能高强度-弹性转换功能。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-15 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae360
Ting Wang, Ying-Jiao Zhan, Ming-Jun Chen, Lei He, Wen-Li An, Shimei Xu, Wei Wang, Jian-Jun Shi, Hai-Bo Zhao, Yu-Zhong Wang
{"title":"Reversible-gel-assisted, ambient-pressure-dried, multifunctional, flame-retardant biomass aerogels with smart high-strength-elasticity transformation.","authors":"Ting Wang, Ying-Jiao Zhan, Ming-Jun Chen, Lei He, Wen-Li An, Shimei Xu, Wei Wang, Jian-Jun Shi, Hai-Bo Zhao, Yu-Zhong Wang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae360","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bio-based aerogels, which are poised as compelling thermal insulators, demand intricate synthesis procedures and have limited durability under harsh conditions. The integration of smart stimuli-response transitions in biomass aerogels holds promise as a solution, yet remains a challenge. Here, we introduce a pioneering strategy that employs reversible-gel-assisted ambient-pressure drying without organic solvents to craft multifunctional bio-based aerogels. By exploiting the thermally reversible gelling propensity of select biomasses, we anchor emulsified bubbles within cross-linked hydrogels, circumventing surface tension issues during mild drying. The resultant aerogels feature a robust porous matrix that is imbued with stable bubbles, yielding low thermal conductivity, high flame retardancy and robust resistance to diverse rigors. This innovative approach facilitates a paradigm shift in intelligent fire protection in which aerogels transition from robust to flexible in response to water stimuli, effectively shielding against thermal hazards and external forces. This work opens up a facile, eco-friendly and mild way to fabricate advanced biomass aerogels with stimuli-responsive transformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 11","pages":"nwae360"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The breakthrough of oxide pathway mechanism in stability and scaling relationship for water oxidation. 氧化途径机制在水氧化稳定性和结垢关系中的突破。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-15 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae362
Zhao-Hua Yin, Hong Liu, Jin-Song Hu, Jian-Jun Wang
{"title":"The breakthrough of oxide pathway mechanism in stability and scaling relationship for water oxidation.","authors":"Zhao-Hua Yin, Hong Liu, Jin-Song Hu, Jian-Jun Wang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae362","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An in-depth understanding of electrocatalytic mechanisms is essential for advancing electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The emerging oxide pathway mechanism (OPM) streamlines direct O-O radical coupling, circumventing the formation of oxygen vacancy defects featured in the lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM) and bypassing additional reaction intermediates (*OOH) inherent to the adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM). With only *O and *OH as intermediates, OPM-driven electrocatalysts stand out for their ability to disrupt traditional scaling relationships while ensuring stability. This review compiles the latest significant advances in OPM-based electrocatalysis, detailing design principles, synthetic methods, and sophisticated techniques to identify active sites and pathways. We conclude with prospective challenges and opportunities for OPM-driven electrocatalysts, aiming to advance the field into a new era by overcoming traditional constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 11","pages":"nwae362"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11587812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The development of polymers and fibers: an interview with Stephen Cheng. 聚合物和纤维的发展：采访 Stephen Cheng。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-15 eCollection Date: 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae357
Wei Yan
{"title":"The development of polymers and fibers: an interview with Stephen Cheng.","authors":"Wei Yan","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwae357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Polymer and fiber science has evolved significantly since the 1920s, with polymers becoming integral to both industry and daily life. China's fiber research, initiated in the 1950s, has made substantial societal and technological contributions, particularly in chemical fibers. How will future advancements in polymers and fibers address ongoing challenges and drive further innovation</i>? <i>NSR spoke to Prof. Stephen Cheng, a member of the National Academy of Engineering (U.S.) and former Dean of the College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering at the University of Akron. He is currently Dean and Honorable Professor at South China University of Technology. His research interests center on the condensed states in polymers, liquid crystals, surfactants and hybrid materials, focusing on the interactions, responses, dynamics and structures of materials at varying lengths, energy and timescales, in which the material itself embodies the technology</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 10","pages":"nwae357"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cosolvent electrolyte chemistries for high-voltage potassium-ion battery. 用于高压钾离子电池的共溶剂电解质化学成分。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-15 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae359
Mengkang Shen, Zhongqin Dai, Ling Fan, Hongwei Fu, Yuanhui Geng, Jie Guan, Fanfei Sun, Apparao M Rao, Jiang Zhou, Bingan Lu
{"title":"Cosolvent electrolyte chemistries for high-voltage potassium-ion battery.","authors":"Mengkang Shen, Zhongqin Dai, Ling Fan, Hongwei Fu, Yuanhui Geng, Jie Guan, Fanfei Sun, Apparao M Rao, Jiang Zhou, Bingan Lu","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae359","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The poor oxidation resistance of traditional electrolytes has hampered the development of high-voltage potassium-ion battery technology. Here, we present a cosolvent electrolyte design strategy to overcome the high-voltage limitations of potassium-ion electrolyte chemistries. The cosolvent electrolyte breaks the dissolution limitation of the salt through ion-dipole interactions, significantly enlarging the anion-rich solvation clusters, as verified by the <i>insitu</i> synchrotron-based wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments. Furthermore, the large anion-rich solvation clusters also facilitate the formation of an effective electrode-electrolyte interphase, thereby enhancing compatibility with high-voltage electrodes. The cosolvent electrolyte enables K||Prussian blue cells (2-4.5 V) to operate for >700 cycles with a capacity retention of 91.9%. Our cosolvent electrolyte design strategy paves new avenues for the development of high-voltage potassium-ion batteries and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 11","pages":"nwae359"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142576344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Van der Waals epitaxial growth of single-crystal molecular film. 单晶分子薄膜的范德华外延生长。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-15 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae358
Lixin Liu, Penglai Gong, Kailang Liu, Bingrong Huang, Zhihao Zhang, Yingshuang Fu, Yu Wu, Yinghe Zhao, Meihui Wang, Yongshan Xu, Huiqiao Li, Tianyou Zhai
{"title":"Van der Waals epitaxial growth of single-crystal molecular film.","authors":"Lixin Liu, Penglai Gong, Kailang Liu, Bingrong Huang, Zhihao Zhang, Yingshuang Fu, Yu Wu, Yinghe Zhao, Meihui Wang, Yongshan Xu, Huiqiao Li, Tianyou Zhai","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae358","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epitaxy is the cornerstone of semiconductor technology, enabling the fabrication of single-crystal film. Recent advancements in van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy have opened new avenues for producing wafer-scale single-crystal 2D atomic crystals. However, when it comes to molecular crystals, the overall weak vdW force means that it is a significant challenge for small molecules to form a well-ordered structure during epitaxy. Here we demonstrate that the vdW epitaxy of Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> molecular crystal, where the whole growth process is governed by vdW interactions, can be precisely controlled. The nucleation is deterministically modulated by epilayer-substrate interactions and unidirectional nuclei are realized through designing the lattice and symmetry matching between epilayer and substrate. Moreover, the growth and coalescence of nuclei as well as the layer-by-layer growth mode are kinetically realized via tackling the Schwoebel-Ehrlich barrier. Such precise control of vdW epitaxy enables the growth of single-crystal Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> molecular film with desirable thickness. Using the ultrathin highly oriented Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> film as a gate dielectric, we fabricated MoS<sub>2</sub>-based field-effect transistors that exhibit superior device performance. The results substantiate the viability of precisely managing molecule alignment in vdW epitaxy, paving the way for large-scale synthesis of single-crystal 2D molecular crystals.</p>","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 11","pages":"nwae358"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Foundation model for comprehensive transcriptional regulation analysis. 转录调控综合分析的基础模型。
IF 16.3 1区 综合性期刊
National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-10-14 eCollection Date: 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae355
Zhaowei Yu, Yong Zhang
{"title":"Foundation model for comprehensive transcriptional regulation analysis.","authors":"Zhaowei Yu, Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae355","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"11 11","pages":"nwae355"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11565239/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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