National Science Review最新文献_第10页

Realization of a cold atom gyroscope in space. 空间冷原子陀螺仪的实现。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2025-01-11 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf012

Jinting Li, Xi Chen, Danfang Zhang, Wenzhang Wang, Yang Zhou, Meng He, Jie Fang, Lin Zhou, Chuan He, Junjie Jiang, Huanyao Sun, Qunfeng Chen, Lei Qin, Xiao Li, Yibo Wang, Xiaowei Zhang, Jiaqi Zhong, Runbing Li, Meizhen An, Long Zhang, Shuquan Wang, Zongfeng Li, Jin Wang, Mingsheng Zhan

{"title":"Realization of a cold atom gyroscope in space.","authors":"Jinting Li, Xi Chen, Danfang Zhang, Wenzhang Wang, Yang Zhou, Meng He, Jie Fang, Lin Zhou, Chuan He, Junjie Jiang, Huanyao Sun, Qunfeng Chen, Lei Qin, Xiao Li, Yibo Wang, Xiaowei Zhang, Jiaqi Zhong, Runbing Li, Meizhen An, Long Zhang, Shuquan Wang, Zongfeng Li, Jin Wang, Mingsheng Zhan","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf012","url":null,"abstract":"High-precision gyroscopes in space are essential for fundamental physics research and navigation. Due to its potential high precision, the cold atom gyroscope is expected to be one of the next generation of gyroscopes in space. Here, we report the first realization of a cold atom gyroscope, which was demonstrated by the atom interferometer installed in the China Space Station (CSS) as a payload. By compensating for the CSS's high dynamic rotation rate using a built-in piezoelectric mirror, spatial interference fringes in the interferometer are successfully obtained. Then, the optimized ratio of the Raman laser's angles is derived, the coefficients of the piezoelectric mirror are self-calibrated in orbit, and various systemic effects are corrected. We achieve a rotation measurement resolution of 50 μrad/s for a single shot and 17 μrad/s for an average number of 32. The measured rotation is -1142 ± 29 μrad/s and is compatible with that recorded by the classical gyroscope of the CSS. This study paves the way for developing high-precision cold atom gyroscopes in space.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 4","pages":"nwaf012"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global elevation of algal bloom frequency in large lakes over the past two decades. 过去二十年来，全球大型湖泊中藻华频率的升高。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2025-01-11 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf011

Ying Wang, Dan Zhao, R Iestyn Woolway, Haoran Yan, Hans W Paerl, Yi Zheng, Chunmiao Zheng, Lian Feng

{"title":"Global elevation of algal bloom frequency in large lakes over the past two decades.","authors":"Ying Wang, Dan Zhao, R Iestyn Woolway, Haoran Yan, Hans W Paerl, Yi Zheng, Chunmiao Zheng, Lian Feng","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf011","url":null,"abstract":"The recent increase in algal blooms in lakes, potentially exacerbated by climate warming, is of global concern. However, a spatially and temporally detailed characterization of algal bloom trends at a global scale has been lacking, posing challenges to definitively attribute the increase trend to warming as a primary driver. Here, we used daily MODIS satellite observations from 2003 to 2022 to analyze algal bloom trends in 1956 large freshwater lakes worldwide. Among these lakes, 620 have experienced algal bloom events in over half of the years during the past two decades, with an upward trend in bloom frequency observed in 504 lakes. This trend is particularly prominent in subtropical regions and has become most pronounced after 2015. The global median annual bloom frequency has significantly increased at a rate of +1.8%/yr over the past two decades, showing a significant correlation with air temperatures (r 2 = 0.43, P < 0.05). Furthermore, in 44.8% of the bloom-affected lakes, we observed a strong correlation between air temperature and bloom frequency. Our study helps clarify the factors contributing to the global expansion of algal blooms and emphasizes the urgent need to recognize and address this growing environmental challenge within the context of climate warming.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 3","pages":"nwaf011"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12089762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulating the electrocatalytic active centers for accelerated proton transfer towards efficient CO₂ reduction. 调节电催化活性中心加速质子转移以实现有效的CO2还原。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2025-01-10 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf010

Yunxiang Lin, Shaocong Wang, Hengjie Liu, Xue Liu, Li Yang, Xiaozhi Su, Lei Shan, Xiyu Li, Li Song

{"title":"Regulating the electrocatalytic active centers for accelerated proton transfer towards efficient CO2 reduction.","authors":"Yunxiang Lin, Shaocong Wang, Hengjie Liu, Xue Liu, Li Yang, Xiaozhi Su, Lei Shan, Xiyu Li, Li Song","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf010","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an important application that can considerably mitigate environmental and energy crises. However, the slow proton-coupled electron transfer process continues to limit overall catalytic performance. Fine-tuning the reaction microenvironment by accurately constructing the local structure of catalysts provides a novel approach to enhancing reaction kinetics. Here, cubic-phase α-MoC1-x nanoparticles were incorporated into a carbon matrix and coupled with cobalt phthalocyanine molecules (α-MoC1-x-CoPc@C) for the co-reduction of CO2 and H2O, achieving an impressive Faradaic efficiency for CO close to 100%. Through a combination of in-situ spectroscopies, electrochemical measurements, and theoretical simulations, it is demonstrated that α-MoC1-x nanoparticles and CoPc molecules with optimized local configuration serve as the active centers for H2O activation and CO2 reduction, respectively. The interfacial water molecules were rearranged, forming a dense hydrogen bond network on the catalyst surface. This optimized microenvironment at the electrode-electrolyte interface synergistically enhanced water dissociation, accelerated proton transfer, and improved the overall performance of CO2RR.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 3","pages":"nwaf010"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The multi-organ landscape of B cells highlights dysregulated memory B cell responses in Crohn's disease. 多器官的B细胞景观突出失调的记忆B细胞反应在克罗恩病。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2025-01-10 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf009

Dianyu Chen, Song Xu, Shuyan Li, Qiuying Wang, Hui Li, Danyang He, Yan Chen, Heping Xu

{"title":"The multi-organ landscape of B cells highlights dysregulated memory B cell responses in Crohn's disease.","authors":"Dianyu Chen, Song Xu, Shuyan Li, Qiuying Wang, Hui Li, Danyang He, Yan Chen, Heping Xu","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf009","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwaf009","url":null,"abstract":"Crohn's disease (CD) is a prevalent type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with dysregulated antibody responses. However, there is a lack of comprehensive analysis of B cell responses in CD. Here, we collected B cells from the small intestine, colon and blood of CD patients and control subjects. Through the coupled analysis of transcriptome and immunoglobulin (Ig) gene in individual cells, we characterized the cellular composition, transcriptome and Ig clonotype in different B cell subtypes. We observed shared disruptions in plasma cell (PC) responses between different IBD subtypes. We revealed heterogeneity in memory B cells (MBCs) and showed a positive correlation between gut resident-like MBCs and disease severity. Furthermore, our clonotype analysis demonstrated an increased direct differentiation of MBCs into PCs in CD patients. Overall, this study demonstrates significantly altered B cell responses associated with chronic inflammation during CD and highlights the potential role of mucosal MBCs in CD pathogenesis.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 4","pages":"nwaf009"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unleashing the potential of artificial intelligence in infectious diseases. 释放人工智能在传染病领域的潜力。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2025-01-08 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf004

Hang-Yu Zhou, Yaling Li, Jiaying Li, Jing Meng, Aiping Wu

引用次数: 0

Cretaceous chewing-louse eggs on enantiornithine birds. 白垩纪鸟类身上的嚼虱卵

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2025-01-07 eCollection Date: 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae479

Chenyang Cai, Kevin P Johnson, Yanzhe Fu, Daniel R Gustafsson, Dany Azar, Yitong Su, Qiang Xuan, Michael S Engel, Diying Huang

引用次数: 0

An _epH-driven DNA nanodevice for impeding metastasis in vivo by selectively blocking cell signaling. 通过选择性阻断细胞信号传导来阻止体内转移的epf驱动的DNA纳米装置。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2025-01-07 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae471

Kun Yuan, Hong-Min Meng, Hongzhi Sun, Lingbo Qu, Zhaohui Li, Weihong Tan

{"title":"An epH-driven DNA nanodevice for impeding metastasis in vivo by selectively blocking cell signaling.","authors":"Kun Yuan, Hong-Min Meng, Hongzhi Sun, Lingbo Qu, Zhaohui Li, Weihong Tan","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae471","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae471","url":null,"abstract":"Invasion and metastasis dominate tumor progression, causing a substantial proportion of cancer-related deaths. However, the efficacy of current antimetastatic treatments is hampered by the dearth of targeted therapeutics. Recently developed synthetic-receptor toolkits offer potential for artificially regulating cellular behavior. However, to the best of our knowledge, none has yet successfully suppressed tumor metastasis in vivo. Here, we report the first extracellular pH (epH)-driven DNA nanodevice for use in antimetastatic treatment in vivo by manipulating heterogeneous receptors on the tumor cell surface. This DNA nanodevice was constructed by partially locking tumorigenic receptor-specific aptamers with two i-motifs. Acidic extracellular pH induced dynamic allosteric reassembly within the nanodevice. The restructured nanodevice enabled oligomerization of c-Met and transferrin receptor, which inhibited tumor metastasis by blocking the hepatic growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling pathway. A suppressive efficacy of 86.25% was verified in an early hepatocarcinoma-pulmonary-metastasis mouse model. Such impressive antimetastatic efficacy suggests an efficient paradigm for developing adaptive antimetastatic therapeutics.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 3","pages":"nwae471"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-resolution mapping of CH₄/N₂O emissions from industrialization-related anthropogenic sources in China. 中国工业化相关人为源CH4/N2O排放的高分辨率制图

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2025-01-06 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae481

Ziyang Lou, Haoyu Zhang, Xu Zhao, Qiang Liu, Minqi Liang, Hui Wang, Huiwen Yang, Bofeng Cai, Jingyi Lu, Ying Cui, Jingyi Wu, Fei Teng, Xiao Lu, Wenping Yuan, Mengyao Liu

引用次数: 0

A superior colliculus-originating circuit prevents cocaine reinstatement via VR-based eye movement desensitization treatment. 通过基于vr的眼动脱敏治疗，上丘起源回路防止可卡因恢复。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-12-26 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae467

Yang Liu, Zi-Xiang Zhou, Qiu Lv, Guan Huang, Han Zhang, Ye-Qin Wang, Jian-Guo Chen, Fang Wang

{"title":"A superior colliculus-originating circuit prevents cocaine reinstatement via VR-based eye movement desensitization treatment.","authors":"Yang Liu, Zi-Xiang Zhou, Qiu Lv, Guan Huang, Han Zhang, Ye-Qin Wang, Jian-Guo Chen, Fang Wang","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae467","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae467","url":null,"abstract":"While Virtual Reality (VR) technology shows promise in the management of substance use disorders, the development of an effective VR-based extinction procedure remains lacking. In this study, we developed a VR-based eye movement desensitization and reprocessing extinction training program tailored for mice. We found that this VR treatment during cocaine extinction prevents reinstatement by suppressing the hyperactivation of glutamatergic excitatory neurons in the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (SCiCaMKIIα) during exposure to environmental cues. Additionally, SCiCaMKIIα neurons innervate tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons in the locus coeruleus (LCTH). Environmental cues trigger stronger phasic activation of LCTH neurons through this SCiCaMKIIα→LCTH projection, leading to increased dopamine release onto the dorsal CA3 (dCA3) region, thereby facilitating reinstatement. Furthermore, we demonstrate that VR treatment effectively inhibits the neural circuitry involving SCiCaMKIIα→LCTH→dCA3 in response to environmental cues, thus preventing cocaine reinstatement. Our findings suggest that VR treatment may represent a promising strategy for achieving drug abstinence.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 4","pages":"nwae467"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Brainwide mesoscale functional networks revealed by focal infrared neural stimulation of the amygdala. 杏仁核局部红外神经刺激揭示全脑中尺度功能网络。

IF 16.3 1区综合性期刊

National Science Review Pub Date : 2024-12-24 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwae473

An Ping, Jianbao Wang, Miguel Ángel García-Cabezas, Lihui Li, Jianmin Zhang, Katalin M Gothard, Junming Zhu, Anna Wang Roe

{"title":"Brainwide mesoscale functional networks revealed by focal infrared neural stimulation of the amygdala.","authors":"An Ping, Jianbao Wang, Miguel Ángel García-Cabezas, Lihui Li, Jianmin Zhang, Katalin M Gothard, Junming Zhu, Anna Wang Roe","doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwae473","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nsr/nwae473","url":null,"abstract":"The primate amygdala serves to evaluate the emotional content of sensory inputs and modulate emotional and social behaviors; it modulates cognitive, multisensory and autonomic circuits predominantly via the basal, lateral and central nuclei, respectively. Recent evidence has suggested the mesoscale (millimeter-scale) nature of intra-amygdala functional organization. However, the connectivity patterns by which these mesoscale regions interact with brainwide networks remain unclear. Using infrared neural stimulation of single mesoscale sites coupled with mapping in ultrahigh field 7-T functional magnetic resonance imaging, we have discovered that these mesoscale sites exert influence over a surprisingly extensive scope of the brain. Our findings strongly indicate that mesoscale sites within the amygdala modulate brainwide networks through a 'one-to-many' (integral) way. Meanwhile, these connections exhibit a point-to-point (focal) topography. Our work provides new insights into the functional architecture underlying emotional and social behavioral networks, thereby opening up possibilities for individualized modulation of psychological disorders.","PeriodicalId":18842,"journal":{"name":"National Science Review","volume":"12 4","pages":"nwae473"},"PeriodicalIF":16.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0