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Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology最新文献

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A new treatment and updated clinical practice guidelines for MASLD MASLD 的新疗法和最新临床实践指南
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01014-y
Elizabeth E. Powell
{"title":"A new treatment and updated clinical practice guidelines for MASLD","authors":"Elizabeth E. Powell","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01014-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01014-y","url":null,"abstract":"The year 2024 was momentous for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): the approval of the first medication for treatment of at-risk metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, updated guidelines on the screening, diagnosis and treatment of MASLD, and liver stiffness measurement as an important surrogate marker for liver-related outcomes in MASLD.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142596980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metabolic health across the ages: how microbiota members support our well-being 各年龄段的代谢健康：微生物群成员如何支持我们的健康
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01004-0
Carolina Tropini
{"title":"Metabolic health across the ages: how microbiota members support our well-being","authors":"Carolina Tropini","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01004-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01004-0","url":null,"abstract":"The microbiota is critical for metabolic health. Studies published in 2024 have revealed mechanisms by which key bacterial and micro-eukaryotic organisms optimize energy production in our body and ensure efficient metabolic function.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142596981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transport functions of intestinal lymphatic vessels 肠道淋巴管的运输功能
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00996-z
Patrick Tso, Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani, Tatiana V. Petrova, Min Liu
{"title":"Transport functions of intestinal lymphatic vessels","authors":"Patrick Tso, Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani, Tatiana V. Petrova, Min Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00996-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-00996-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lymphatic vessels are crucial for fluid absorption and the transport of peripheral immune cells to lymph nodes. However, in the small intestine, the lymphatic fluid is rich in diet-derived lipids incorporated into chylomicrons and gut-specific immune cells. Thus, intestinal lymphatic vessels have evolved to handle these unique cargoes and are critical for systemic dietary lipid delivery and metabolism. This Review covers mechanisms of lipid absorption from epithelial cells to the lymphatics as well as unique features of the gut microenvironment that affect these functions. Moreover, we discuss details of the intestinal lymphatics in gut immune cell trafficking and insights into the role of inter-organ communication. Lastly, we highlight the particularities of fat absorption that can be harnessed for efficient lipid-soluble drug distribution for novel therapies, including the ability of chylomicron-associated drugs to bypass first-pass liver metabolism for systemic delivery. In all, this Review will help to promote an understanding of intestinal lymphatic–systemic interactions to guide future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Probiotics for preterms: sharing complex decision-making 针对早产儿的益生菌：分享复杂的决策过程
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01009-9
Geoffrey A. Preidis, Janet E. Berrington
{"title":"Probiotics for preterms: sharing complex decision-making","authors":"Geoffrey A. Preidis, Janet E. Berrington","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01009-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01009-9","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotics might prevent some necrotizing enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis and mortality in preterm infants. However, clinical practice varies widely, and families are often excluded from shared decision making. This Clinical Outlook highlights current evidence, clinical practice guidelines and the future outlook of probiotics in the neonatal intensive care unit.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Health disparities in cirrhosis care and liver transplantation 肝硬化护理和肝移植中的健康差异
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01003-1
David Goldberg, Julius Wilder, Norah Terrault
{"title":"Health disparities in cirrhosis care and liver transplantation","authors":"David Goldberg, Julius Wilder, Norah Terrault","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01003-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01003-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Morbidity and mortality from cirrhosis are substantial and increasing. Health disparities in cirrhosis and liver transplantation are reflective of inequities along the entire spectrum of chronic liver disease care, from screening and diagnosis to prevention and treatment of liver-related complications. The key populations experiencing disparities in health status and healthcare delivery include racial and ethnic minority groups, sexual and gender minorities, people of lower socioeconomic status and underserved rural communities. These disparities lead to delayed diagnosis of chronic liver disease and complications of cirrhosis (for example, hepatocellular carcinoma), to differences in treatment of chronic liver disease and its complications, and ultimately to unequal access to transplantation for those with end-stage liver disease. Calling out these disparities is only the first step towards implementing solutions that can improve health equity and clinical outcomes for everyone. Multi-level interventions along the care continuum for chronic liver disease are needed to mitigate these disparities and provide equitable access to care.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gut microbiome: a biomedical revolution 肠道微生物组：一场生物医学革命
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01001-3
Maria Carmen Collado, Suzanne Devkota, Tarini Shankar Ghosh
{"title":"Gut microbiome: a biomedical revolution","authors":"Maria Carmen Collado, Suzanne Devkota, Tarini Shankar Ghosh","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01001-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01001-3","url":null,"abstract":"To mark the twentieth anniversary of Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, we asked three experts to comment on how the gut microbiome has transformed our understanding of biology and the strengths and limitations of microbiome research today as well as to look ahead at what the next 20 years of microbiome research and clinical applications might look like. In this Viewpoint, Maria Carmen Collado, Suzanne Devkota and Tarini Shankar Ghosh comment on the past and future of gut microbiome research and clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142541692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intestinal tuft cells can act as injury-resistant stem cells 肠簇细胞可作为抗损伤干细胞
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01016-w
Caroline Barranco
{"title":"Intestinal tuft cells can act as injury-resistant stem cells","authors":"Caroline Barranco","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01016-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01016-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Subsets of human tuft cells retain their proliferative capacity throughout life and can act as a damage-induced pool of regenerative stem cells, report Huang et al. in <i>Nature</i>.</p><p>Organoids containing all human intestinal cell types were generated by the researchers from a single mature proliferating human tuft cell. Organoids engineered to lack tuft cells did not regenerate after irradiation, unlike those containing tuft cells. Although cells bearing leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) are the most common intestinal stem cell type, they are highly sensitive to injury. Therefore, tuft cells could provide a reserve stem cell pool after loss of LGR5<sup>+</sup> cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142536655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bitter taste receptors as sensors of gut luminal contents 作为肠腔内容物传感器的苦味感受器
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01005-z
Catia Sternini, Enrique Rozengurt
{"title":"Bitter taste receptors as sensors of gut luminal contents","authors":"Catia Sternini, Enrique Rozengurt","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01005-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01005-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Taste is important in the selection of food and is orchestrated by a group of distinct receptors, the taste G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Taste 1 receptors (Tas1rs in mice and TAS1Rs in humans; also known as T1Rs) detect sweet and umami tastes, and taste 2 receptors (Tas2rs in mice and TAS2Rs in humans; also known as T2Rs) detect bitterness. These receptors are also expressed in extraoral sites, including the gastrointestinal mucosa. Tas2rs/TAS2Rs have gained interest as potential targets to prevent or treat metabolic disorders. These bitter taste receptors are expressed in functionally distinct types of gastrointestinal mucosal cells, including enteroendocrine cells, which, upon stimulation, increase intracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> and release signalling molecules that regulate gut chemosensory processes critical for digestion and absorption of nutrients, for neutralization and expulsion of harmful substances, and for metabolic regulation. Expression of Tas2rs/TAS2Rs in gut mucosa is upregulated by high-fat diets, and intraluminal bitter ‘tastants’ affect gastrointestinal functions and ingestive behaviour through local and gut–brain axis signalling. Tas2rs/TAS2Rs are also found in Paneth and goblet cells, which release antimicrobial peptides and glycoproteins, and in tuft cells, which trigger type 2 immune response against parasites, thus providing a direct line of defence against pathogens. This Review will focus on gut Tas2r/TAS2R distribution, signalling and regulation in enteroendocrine cells, supporting their role as chemosensors of luminal content that serve distinct functions as regulators of body homeostasis and immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142519249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Celebrating 20 years of Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology 庆祝《自然》杂志《胃肠病学与肝病学》创刊 20 周年
IF 45.9 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01002-2
{"title":"Celebrating 20 years of Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01002-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-024-01002-2","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty years since the launch of Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology, developments in research and clinical practice continue apace. In our anniversary issue, we focus on the past, present and future of gastroenterology and hepatology.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":45.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41575-024-01002-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142488368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alcohol-free and low-strength drinks: friend or foe? 无酒精和低浓度饮料：朋友还是敌人？
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01006-y
Thomas Marjot, Ashwin Dhanda
{"title":"Alcohol-free and low-strength drinks: friend or foe?","authors":"Thomas Marjot, Ashwin Dhanda","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01006-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01006-y","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of no and low-alcohol (NoLo) beverages is now commonplace in modern society. However, the debate surrounding the relative risks and benefits of these products is nuanced and evolving, particularly in patients with a history of alcohol use disorder or alcohol-related liver disease. This Comment summarizes the major individual and public health implications of NoLo drinks&nbsp;in order to help inform our interactions with these patient groups.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142490078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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