Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology最新文献

Training the next generation of hepatologists for the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic era. 为心血管-肾脏-代谢时代培养下一代肝病学家。

IF 57.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01270-0

Xiao-Dong Zhou, Frank Tacke, Rohit Loomba, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Luca Valenti, Laurence S Sperling, Zobair M Younossi, Jacob George, Mark Muthiah, Arun Sanyal, Ming-Hua Zheng

引用次数: 0

Primary cilia: sensors of biliary homeostasis and disease. 初级纤毛：胆道内稳态和疾病的传感器。

IF 57.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01262-0

Hannah Esser, Sofia Ferreira-Gonzalez

{"title":"Primary cilia: sensors of biliary homeostasis and disease.","authors":"Hannah Esser, Sofia Ferreira-Gonzalez","doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01262-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-026-01262-0","url":null,"abstract":"The primary cilium (plural 'cilia') is a highly specialized organelle found on nearly every vertebrate cell. It functions as a sensor, cell cycle regulator and coordinator of multiple signalling transduction pathways. In cholangiocytes, primary cilia extend from the cell surface into the bile duct lumen, acting as chemosensors, mechanosensors and osmosensors in response to changes in bile composition and flow. This primary-cilium-mediated sensing regulates the biliary microenvironment and is crucial to maintaining homeostasis and promoting biliary regeneration. Moreover, alterations in the structure or function of cholangiocyte primary cilia lead to a group of disorders known as biliary ciliopathies, which manifest with a broad range of clinical features including cystic lesions, fibrosis and biliary strictures. This Review aims to provide an overview of the structure and function of cholangiocyte primary cilia and to summarize the known biliary ciliopathies. As most of these diseases currently lack effective treatments targeting their underlying mechanisms, an understanding of this organelle can help to pave the way for novel cilium-targeted therapies.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":57.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antifungal therapy reshapes the gut microbiota in IBD 抗真菌治疗可重塑IBD患者的肠道菌群

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01268-8

Jordan Hindson

引用次数: 0

Perioperative immunotherapy for resectable gastric and gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: overall survival results 可切除胃和胃-食管交界处腺癌围手术期免疫治疗：总体生存结果

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01267-9

Jordan Hindson

引用次数: 0

CHESS-LiverHealth: community prevalence of chronic liver disease in China CHESS-LiverHealth：中国慢性肝病的社区患病率

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01269-7

Jordan Hindson

引用次数: 0

Building the next generation of gastroenterology and hepatology research leaders in Asia: from disease burden to scientific leadership. 在亚洲建立下一代胃肠病学和肝病学研究领导者：从疾病负担到科学领导。

IF 57.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-09-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01261-1

Tanyaporn Chantarojanasiri, Lung Yi Mak, Louis H S Lau, Marc Wong, Nikhil Sonthalia, Sonam Mathur, Enrik John T Aguila, Ren Mao, Koji Otani, Rashid Lui, Raja Affendi Raja Ali, Daniel Q Huang

引用次数: 0

ESPEN 2026. 的2026。

IF 57.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-09-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01263-z

Katrina Ray

引用次数: 0

The exposome and inflammatory bowel disease: a framework for primary and primordial prevention. 暴露性和炎症性肠病：初级和初级预防的框架。

IF 57.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-09-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01260-2

Manasi Agrawal, Vishal Midya, Alvise Vianello, Damaskini Valvi, Gilaad G Kaplan, Jean-Frederic Colombel

{"title":"The exposome and inflammatory bowel disease: a framework for primary and primordial prevention.","authors":"Manasi Agrawal, Vishal Midya, Alvise Vianello, Damaskini Valvi, Gilaad G Kaplan, Jean-Frederic Colombel","doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01260-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-026-01260-2","url":null,"abstract":"The role of the environment in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is acknowledged as being critical, yet enquiry into the exposome and IBD is limited. Recognizing the exposome as encompassing all physical, chemical, biological and psychosocial factors that influence human health over the lifespan is central to unravelling its role in IBD, as well as overlapping immune-mediated diseases. Here, we summarize the latest in exposome research in IBD, differentiate between early life and later exposures, highlight the limitations of traditional epidemiological methods and introduce lesser-explored exposures (for example, food contact contaminants). We discuss innovation in exposomics, such as high-resolution mass spectrometry platforms, integrative statistics and the relevance of microplastics and nanoplastics, a growing pollutant of concern, in IBD. Next, we highlight the prevention framework, emphasizing the relevance of the actionable exposome and differentiating between primary and primordial prevention. Although the former implies risk stratification and prevention in at-risk individuals, primordial prevention focuses on risk mitigation in the general population. We discuss individual and community-level mitigation strategies and global considerations to lower IBD risk. This Perspective provides a path to implement exposomics in IBD prevention, which might also be relevant towards other chronic health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":57.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149002245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drug-microbiome-host interactions: antimicrobial effects of non-antibiotic compounds. 药物-微生物-宿主相互作用：非抗生素化合物的抗菌作用。

IF 57.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01258-w

Jacobo de la Cuesta-Zuluaga, Kiran R Patil, Lisa Maier

{"title":"Drug-microbiome-host interactions: antimicrobial effects of non-antibiotic compounds.","authors":"Jacobo de la Cuesta-Zuluaga, Kiran R Patil, Lisa Maier","doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01258-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-026-01258-w","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotics have traditionally been defined as drugs that specifically target and inhibit pathogenic bacteria, forming the cornerstone of infectious disease treatment. However, resent research has expanded our understanding of what constitutes an antimicrobial substance. Many compounds not classified as antibiotics - including common pharmaceuticals, dietary substances, and agricultural or industrial chemicals - have been shown to exhibit antibacterial activity. Intriguingly, these non-antibiotic compounds often exert stronger effects on beneficial bacteria than on members of the Enterobacteriaceae family, which includes many classic pathogens for which new antibiotics are urgently needed. The selective pressure imposed by non-antibiotic antimicrobials can disrupt the balance of the human microbiome and create conditions favouring resistant or opportunistic pathogens. Such imbalances have implications not only for infectious disease but also for a range of chronic, non-communicable health conditions and the spread of antimicrobial resistances. In this Review, we highlight the latest advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which non-antibiotic compounds exert antimicrobial effects and examine key factors that modulate their activity. Lastly, we highlight the implications for translation and clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":57.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148970090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occult hepatitis B virus infection. 隐性乙型肝炎病毒感染。

IF 57.5 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-026-01257-x

Lung-Yi Mak, Rex Wan-Hin Hui, Teresa Pollicino, Markus Cornberg, Robert Gish, Ira Jacobson, Patrick T Kennedy, Wai-Kay Seto, Giovanni Raimondo, Man-Fung Yuen

{"title":"Occult hepatitis B virus infection.","authors":"Lung-Yi Mak, Rex Wan-Hin Hui, Teresa Pollicino, Markus Cornberg, Robert Gish, Ira Jacobson, Patrick T Kennedy, Wai-Kay Seto, Giovanni Raimondo, Man-Fung Yuen","doi":"10.1038/s41575-026-01257-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-026-01257-x","url":null,"abstract":"Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of replication-competent HBV DNA in the liver or blood of individuals who are seronegative for hepatitis B surface antigen. The prevalence of OBI varies hugely according to the local endemicity of chronic HBV infection and risk of HBV exposure, ranging from 0.8% in the general population to >10% in those with hepatitis C virus or HIV infection, and to >40% in individuals with isolated positive antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Diagnosing OBI remains challenging due to extremely low and fluctuating levels of HBV DNA in individuals over time. Positive serological markers, such as anti-HBc, only arouse clinician suspicion, with no diagnostic confidence, but can be used to identify people with previous exposure to HBV and for subclassification of OBI, which should be combined with serum HBV DNA testing. The consequences of OBI include transmission of HBV during the transfusion of blood products or solid organ transplantation, reactivation of HBV in patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, acceleration of disease progression in those with pre-existing chronic liver diseases, and an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development. In this Review, we describe the core knowledge of OBI - epidemiology, diagnosis, mechanisms and virology, and clinical management - that clinicians should be aware of, and elaborate on challenges and future directions associated with OBI.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":57.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148970073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0