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Promise and pitfalls of liver xenotransplantation 异种肝脏移植的前景和缺陷
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01093-5
Burcin Ekser, Luis A. Fernandez
{"title":"Promise and pitfalls of liver xenotransplantation","authors":"Burcin Ekser, Luis A. Fernandez","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01093-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01093-5","url":null,"abstract":"Liver xenotransplantation and genetically engineered pig livers have potential to save human lives. Liver xenotransplants can either act as a bridge to allotransplantation or support the recovery and regeneration of a whole or reduced native liver in acute liver failure and in major hepatectomies through ex vivo perfusion or auxiliary liver xenotransplantation.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The oesophagus as an immune organ 食道作为免疫器官
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01086-4
Mark Rochman, Kendall Kellerman, Michael P. Jankowski, Marc E. Rothenberg
{"title":"The oesophagus as an immune organ","authors":"Mark Rochman, Kendall Kellerman, Michael P. Jankowski, Marc E. Rothenberg","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01086-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01086-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The oesophagus has traditionally been viewed as a simple conduit for food transport. In performing this delivery function, it confronts a continuous influx of foreign antigens, including food particles with variable microbial content, and encounters many biophysical stimuli triggered by food textures and temperature. To meet these challenges, the oesophagus comprises a robust barrier featuring a thick, multilayered epithelium coated by mucins and mechanically held together by strong adhesion complexes, including desmosomal junctions. Sentinel immune cells, including a notable presence of CD8<sup>+</sup> resident memory T cells, mast cells and dendritic cells, are abundant alongside IL-1 family cytokines released and activated under tight homeostatic regulation through a balance of proteases and antiproteases. Pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptors on epithelial cells, identify foreign antigens and can trigger cytokine release. Disruptions, whether acquired or genetically inherited, in these innate immune functions contribute to disease onset. Here, we present evidence that the oesophagus is an immune organ with extensive sensing properties designed to tolerate and mount defences against antigenic and biophysical challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The IDEAL framework for machine perfusion in liver transplantation 肝移植机器灌注的IDEAL框架
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01085-5
Otto B. van Leeuwen, David Nasralla, Carlo D. L. Ceresa, Philipp Dutkowski, Peter J. Friend, Gabriel C. Oniscu, Robert J. Porte, Vincent E. de Meijer
{"title":"The IDEAL framework for machine perfusion in liver transplantation","authors":"Otto B. van Leeuwen, David Nasralla, Carlo D. L. Ceresa, Philipp Dutkowski, Peter J. Friend, Gabriel C. Oniscu, Robert J. Porte, Vincent E. de Meijer","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01085-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01085-5","url":null,"abstract":"Liver transplantation is challenged by organ scarcity and ageing donors. Machine perfusion is a promising technique to enhance organ preservation and assessment, improving liver utilization and patient outcomes. Here, we discuss current practices in machine perfusion using the IDEAL framework and outline the steps needed to advance this technology clinically.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144296046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Post-antibiotics microbiome restoration driven by diet 饮食驱动的抗生素后微生物群恢复
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01090-8
Jordan Hindson
{"title":"Post-antibiotics microbiome restoration driven by diet","authors":"Jordan Hindson","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01090-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01090-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gut microbiome dysbiosis is associated with a wide range of diseases, but factors influencing restoration of the microbiome are less well-studied.</p><p>In a study published in <i>Nature</i>, researchers tracked the recovery of the gut microbiome after antibiotic treatment in mice receiving either a regular chow diet or a high-fat, low-fibre ‘Western’ diet. The mice on the regular chow diet (high in fibre) exhibited improved recovery of the gut microbiome compared with those on the Western-style diet. Metabolic modelling observations suggested that microbiome recovery is shaped by availability of dietary resources, such as simple versus complex carbohydrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144260402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Head-to-head trial of HCV treatment regimens 丙肝病毒治疗方案的正面对抗试验
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01091-7
Jordan Hindson
{"title":"Head-to-head trial of HCV treatment regimens","authors":"Jordan Hindson","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01091-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01091-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A head-to-head trial published in <i>The Lancet</i> has compared two antiviral combination regimens for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The randomized controlled non-inferiority trial (ISRCTN, 61522291), conducted in two public hospitals in Vietnam, randomized adults (<i>n</i> = 624) with chronic HCV infection to receive 400 mg sofosbuvir and either 60 mg daclatasvir or 100 mg velpatasvir.</p><p>The primary outcome of sustained virological response occurred in 294 (97%) participants in the group receiving sofosbuvir and daclatasvir and 292 (95%) participants in the group receiving sofosbuvir and velpatasvir (risk difference 2.2%; 90% credible interval –0.2–4.8; within 5% non-inferiority margin). Therefore, sofosbuvir and daclatasvir was non-inferior to sofosbuvir and velpatasvir. Participants were also randomized to several different novel treatment strategies, which could help expand access to treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144260403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EASL Congress 2025 2025年EASL大会
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01088-2
Eleni Kotsiliti
{"title":"EASL Congress 2025","authors":"Eleni Kotsiliti","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01088-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01088-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In May 2025, <i>Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology</i> attended in person the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) Congress 2025 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. This was the fourth year the international liver conference was in person and virtual, with the session recordings available to delegates for 3 months.</p><p>According to the organizers, 7,742 people from 119 countries attended the meeting, of whom 7,129 were onsite and 613 online. There were 1,886 accepted abstracts, 1,764 posters and 364 invited faculty.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Public health policies to prevent alcohol-related liver disease 预防与酒精有关的肝病的公共卫生政策
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01084-6
Richard Parker, Juan P. Arab, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Ramon Bataller, Ashwani K. Singal
{"title":"Public health policies to prevent alcohol-related liver disease","authors":"Richard Parker, Juan P. Arab, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Ramon Bataller, Ashwani K. Singal","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01084-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01084-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and premature mortality around the world, with a substantial cost to individuals and to health-care systems. The incidence of ALD is closely associated with alcohol intake, and it is a preventable disease. There is clear evidence that public health measures to reduce alcohol consumption are effective, which in turn can have a positive effect on ALD. Effective policy includes controlling the price of alcohol, limiting or banning alcohol advertising and restricting the availability of alcohol. The strength of public health policy depends on the political willingness to develop robust strategies. However, effective lobbying of policy-makers by the alcohol industry and lack of political will are barriers to the implementation of these measures, resulting in suboptimal national alcohol control policies. Clinicians are well-placed to campaign for effective public health policy regarding alcohol to reduce the prevalence of ALD for the benefit of patients, their families and wider society. In this Perspective, we summarize the evidence for public health policies that affect alcohol consumption and the prevalence of ALD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The gut microbiome connects nutrition and human health 肠道微生物群将营养和人体健康联系在一起
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01077-5
Yolanda Sanz, John F. Cryan, Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy, Eran Elinav, Rebekka Lambrecht, Patrick Veiga
{"title":"The gut microbiome connects nutrition and human health","authors":"Yolanda Sanz, John F. Cryan, Mélanie Deschasaux-Tanguy, Eran Elinav, Rebekka Lambrecht, Patrick Veiga","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01077-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01077-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The gut microbiome has an undeniable role in mediating the health effects of the diet, given its ability to co-digest nutrients and influence nutrient signalling to multiple organ systems. As a suboptimal diet is a major risk factor for and contributor to disease, understanding the multidirectional interactions between the food we eat, the gut microbiome and the different body organ systems is crucial from a public health perspective. Indeed, this research area is leading to the refinement of nutritional concepts and strategies to optimize health through diet. In this Review, we provide an update on how dietary patterns and food intake shape gut microbiome features, the mode of action of diet–microorganism interactions on the immune, nervous and cardiometabolic systems and how this knowledge could explain the heterogeneity of dietary responses, and support food-based dietary guidelines and medical and precision nutrition. Finally, we discuss the knowledge gaps and research efforts needed to progress towards the integration of microbiome science with more precise dietary advice to leverage the role of nutrition in human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prioritizing inflammatory bowel disease 优先考虑炎症性肠病
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01078-4
{"title":"Prioritizing inflammatory bowel disease","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01078-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01078-4","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammatory bowel disease remains a global health challenge, despite advances in treatment and understanding of disease biology. In this issue, we focus on the most pressing priorities in inflammatory bowel disease research and care.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Redefining cancer care: the case for an onco-gastroenterology subspecialty 重新定义癌症治疗：肿瘤-胃肠病学亚专科的案例
IF 65.1 1区 医学
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01076-6
Rashid Lui, Renu Dhanasekaran, Yu Bin Tan, Claudia Wing-Kwan Wu, Jan Bornschein, Daniel Q. Huang, Arndt Vogel, Shilpa Grover
{"title":"Redefining cancer care: the case for an onco-gastroenterology subspecialty","authors":"Rashid Lui, Renu Dhanasekaran, Yu Bin Tan, Claudia Wing-Kwan Wu, Jan Bornschein, Daniel Q. Huang, Arndt Vogel, Shilpa Grover","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01076-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01076-6","url":null,"abstract":"Onco-gastroenterology is defined as a collaborative subspecialty of Gastroenterology that is dedicated to the unique needs of individuals with or at risk of cancer, with a focus on maintaining and managing their digestive and liver health throughout their clinical course.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144122676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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