Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology最新文献_第2页

The gut–brain axis and pain signalling mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract 胃肠道中的肠脑轴和疼痛信号机制

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01017-9

Kimberly A. Meerschaert, Isaac M. Chiu

{"title":"The gut–brain axis and pain signalling mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract","authors":"Kimberly A. Meerschaert, Isaac M. Chiu","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01017-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01017-9","url":null,"abstract":"Visceral pain is a major clinical problem and one of the most common reasons patients with gastrointestinal disorders seek medical help. Peripheral sensory neurons that innervate the gut can detect noxious stimuli and send signals to the central nervous system that are perceived as pain. There is a bidirectional communication network between the gastrointestinal tract and the nervous system that mediates pain through the gut–brain axis. Sensory neurons detect mechanical and chemical stimuli within the intestinal tissues, and receive signals from immune cells, epithelial cells and the gut microbiota, which results in peripheral sensitization and visceral pain. This Review focuses on molecular communication between these non-neuronal cell types and neurons in visceral pain. These bidirectional interactions can be dysregulated during gastrointestinal diseases to exacerbate visceral pain. We outline the anatomical pathways involved in pain processing in the gut and how cell–cell communication is integrated into this gut–brain axis. Understanding how bidirectional communication between the gut and nervous system is altered during disease could provide new therapeutic targets for treating visceral pain.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-canonical metastatic colorectal cancer 非典型转移性结直肠癌

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01026-8

Eleni Kotsiliti

引用次数: 0

High-density lipoprotein lipidome: a neglected source of hepatic lipids 高密度脂蛋白脂质体：被忽视的肝脏脂质来源

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01020-0

Gabriele Mocciaro

{"title":"High-density lipoprotein lipidome: a neglected source of hepatic lipids","authors":"Gabriele Mocciaro","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01020-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01020-0","url":null,"abstract":"To define the pathophysiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and identify therapeutic options, it is crucial to understand the sources of hepatic fat accumulation. In patients with MASLD, it is estimated that hepatic triglycerides are primarily derived from adipose tissue as free fatty acids (~59%), followed by de novo lipogenesis (~26%) and diet (~15%). However, in 2012, through a series of radiolabelled tracer experiments in mice, van der Veen and colleagues reported for the first time in vivo that hepatic phosphatidylcholines (PCs; a major lipid component of cell membranes and lipoproteins) accounted for a staggering 65% of the hepatic triglyceride pool, challenging the existing understanding of adipose tissue free fatty acids as the primary provider of liver triglycerides, at least in mice. Specifically, the researchers found that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) PCs could account for approximately 50% of the hepatic PC pool and that one-third of the hepatic triglyceride pool could derive from HDL–PC, a finding that was reported as unexpected.The study was elegantly performed, using a combination of wild-type and knockout mouse models, along with primary mouse hepatocytes, to provide multiple layers of evidence supporting the results. Despite the robustness and importance of the findings, the study has been largely overlooked by the liver research community. Motivated by these unexpected results, and the lack of studies on the HDL lipidome in humans across the MASLD spectrum, part of my PhD was dedicated to filling this knowledge gap.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"248 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transforming the landscape of liver cancer detection and care 改变肝癌检测和护理的格局

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01018-8

Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, Grace Lai-Hung Wong

引用次数: 0

Unlocking CD8⁺ T cell potential in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. 释放 CD8+ T 细胞在慢性乙型肝炎病毒感染中的潜能。

IF 45.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01015-x

Valeria Fumagalli, Matteo Iannacone

引用次数: 0

A new treatment and updated clinical practice guidelines for MASLD MASLD 的新疗法和最新临床实践指南

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01014-y

Elizabeth E. Powell

引用次数: 0

Metabolic health across the ages: how microbiota members support our well-being 各年龄段的代谢健康：微生物群成员如何支持我们的健康

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01004-0

Carolina Tropini

引用次数: 0

Transport functions of intestinal lymphatic vessels 肠道淋巴管的运输功能

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00996-z

Patrick Tso, Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani, Tatiana V. Petrova, Min Liu

{"title":"Transport functions of intestinal lymphatic vessels","authors":"Patrick Tso, Jeremiah Bernier-Latmani, Tatiana V. Petrova, Min Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-00996-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-00996-z","url":null,"abstract":"Lymphatic vessels are crucial for fluid absorption and the transport of peripheral immune cells to lymph nodes. However, in the small intestine, the lymphatic fluid is rich in diet-derived lipids incorporated into chylomicrons and gut-specific immune cells. Thus, intestinal lymphatic vessels have evolved to handle these unique cargoes and are critical for systemic dietary lipid delivery and metabolism. This Review covers mechanisms of lipid absorption from epithelial cells to the lymphatics as well as unique features of the gut microenvironment that affect these functions. Moreover, we discuss details of the intestinal lymphatics in gut immune cell trafficking and insights into the role of inter-organ communication. Lastly, we highlight the particularities of fat absorption that can be harnessed for efficient lipid-soluble drug distribution for novel therapies, including the ability of chylomicron-associated drugs to bypass first-pass liver metabolism for systemic delivery. In all, this Review will help to promote an understanding of intestinal lymphatic–systemic interactions to guide future research directions.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Probiotics for preterms: sharing complex decision-making 针对早产儿的益生菌：分享复杂的决策过程

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01009-9

Geoffrey A. Preidis, Janet E. Berrington

引用次数: 0

Health disparities in cirrhosis care and liver transplantation 肝硬化护理和肝移植中的健康差异

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-01003-1

David Goldberg, Julius Wilder, Norah Terrault

{"title":"Health disparities in cirrhosis care and liver transplantation","authors":"David Goldberg, Julius Wilder, Norah Terrault","doi":"10.1038/s41575-024-01003-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-024-01003-1","url":null,"abstract":"Morbidity and mortality from cirrhosis are substantial and increasing. Health disparities in cirrhosis and liver transplantation are reflective of inequities along the entire spectrum of chronic liver disease care, from screening and diagnosis to prevention and treatment of liver-related complications. The key populations experiencing disparities in health status and healthcare delivery include racial and ethnic minority groups, sexual and gender minorities, people of lower socioeconomic status and underserved rural communities. These disparities lead to delayed diagnosis of chronic liver disease and complications of cirrhosis (for example, hepatocellular carcinoma), to differences in treatment of chronic liver disease and its complications, and ultimately to unequal access to transplantation for those with end-stage liver disease. Calling out these disparities is only the first step towards implementing solutions that can improve health equity and clinical outcomes for everyone. Multi-level interventions along the care continuum for chronic liver disease are needed to mitigate these disparities and provide equitable access to care.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0