Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology最新文献_第3页

Dopaminergic signalling in gastrointestinal health and disease 胃肠道健康和疾病中的多巴胺能信号传导

IF 51 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01112-5

Trisha S. Pasricha, Subhash Kulkarni

{"title":"Dopaminergic signalling in gastrointestinal health and disease","authors":"Trisha S. Pasricha, Subhash Kulkarni","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01112-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-025-01112-5","url":null,"abstract":"Enteric dopaminergic signalling has a critical role in gastrointestinal motility, maintaining mucosal integrity and modulating the gut microbiome. In this Review, we provide an overview of dopamine metabolism and signalling pathways in the central nervous system and periphery and their effects on gastrointestinal health and disease. We describe the physiological role of enteric dopamine, including a discussion of therapeutic opportunities and future research needs. With rising interest in the gut-first hypothesis of Parkinson disease, an area of great interest is how dopaminergic depletion in the gut could indicate future neurological dysfunction. In addition, dopamine signalling has been found to influence microbiome colonization resistance against enteric pathogens and immunoregulation. Emerging data on the effect of dopamine replacement therapy on gastrointestinal symptoms, across a range of conditions from neurodegenerative disease to inflammatory bowel disease, are also explored. In this Review, Pasricha and Kulkarni describe the role of dopaminergic signalling pathways in the central nervous system and periphery, and their role in gastrointestinal health and disease. In addition, they discuss emerging evidence and future directions.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"22 10","pages":"696-707"},"PeriodicalIF":51.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive longer-term results for efruxifermin in MASH efruxifermin在MASH中的长期疗效积极

IF 51 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01121-4

Katrina Ray

引用次数: 0

AI-assisted colonoscopy and risk of endoscopist deskilling 人工智能辅助结肠镜检查和内窥镜师技能弱化的风险

IF 51 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01122-3

Katrina Ray

引用次数: 0

Parental diet and offspring health: a role for the gut microbiome via epigenetics. 父母饮食和后代健康：肠道微生物组通过表观遗传学的作用。

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01106-3

Chaoran Yang,Matthew Snelson,Assam El-Osta,Francine Z Marques

{"title":"Parental diet and offspring health: a role for the gut microbiome via epigenetics.","authors":"Chaoran Yang,Matthew Snelson,Assam El-Osta,Francine Z Marques","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01106-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01106-3","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of diet and nutrition extend beyond individual health: food intake before conception or during pregnancy and lactation can affect the health of offspring. Diet is one of the most powerful modulators of the gut microbiome, influencing gene-environment interactions, with several emerging mechanisms pointing to the microbiome-metabolite-epigenome axis. In this Review, we discuss the effect of dietary changes on the gametes ('gut-germline axis') or in utero ('gut-neonatal axis') that may change the predisposition of offspring to several non-communicable diseases. Examples of diets discussed are those that detrimentally modulate the parental microbiota and lead to epigenetic changes in the progeny, including Western diets characterized by high saturated fat and low protein or fibre intake. We summarize studies using animal models, which suggest that these diets can have long-lasting effects on the offspring microbiome, epigenome and phenotype, particularly across the cardiometabolic and immune systems, and discuss the limitations of current studies as well as future directions for the field. Translational research investigating the benefits of parental dietary interventions before and during pregnancy, mainly using personalized approaches, is needed. This would, in turn, reduce rates of non-communicable diseases in generations to come.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond preservation: future machine perfusion for liver assessment and repair 超越保存：未来机器灌注用于肝脏评估和修复

IF 51 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01111-6

Florian Huwyler, Jonas Binz, Leslie Cunningham, Matthias Pfister, Martin J. Schuler, Mark W. Tibbitt, Pierre-Alain Clavien

{"title":"Beyond preservation: future machine perfusion for liver assessment and repair","authors":"Florian Huwyler, Jonas Binz, Leslie Cunningham, Matthias Pfister, Martin J. Schuler, Mark W. Tibbitt, Pierre-Alain Clavien","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01111-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41575-025-01111-6","url":null,"abstract":"Machine perfusion is an emerging and transformative technology for dynamic organ preservation, assessment and repair. Whereas allografts continuously degrade during static cold storage, short-term perfusion can preserve high-quality organs for hours, enabling assessment, regional transport and improved logistics. Long-term perfusion for multiple days might extend the potential of clinical machine perfusion in the future, allowing for the assessment, reconditioning and repair of marginal or injured grafts for which more time is needed. In addition, it might convert transplantation, which is now semi-elective thanks to short-term perfusion, to a fully elective procedure via customized machines and associated protocols that maintain organs ex situ for up to 2 weeks. The advent of long-term organ perfusion provides tremendous potential to improve organ evaluation and selection, to recondition or repair marginal grafts and, ultimately, to expand the pool of grafts available for transplantation. In this Perspective, we discuss design considerations, guidelines for use, and future perspectives of machine perfusion in the context of organ assessment and repair, with a focus on the liver. In this Perspective article, Huwyler, Binz and colleagues discuss the future of long-term normothermic machine perfusion for livers and propose a staged assessment approach for ex situ perfused organs.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"22 10","pages":"721-733"},"PeriodicalIF":51.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144930667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Μetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a condition of heterogeneous metabolic risk factors, mechanisms and comorbidities requiring holistic treatment 作者更正：Μetabolic功能障碍相关的脂肪变性肝病：异质性代谢危险因素、机制和合并症的状况，需要整体治疗

IF 51 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01115-2

Christopher D. Byrne, Angelo Armandi, Vanessa Pellegrinelli, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Elisabetta Bugianesi

引用次数: 0

Next-generation enteric neuroscience — fostering the future of the field 下一代肠道神经科学——培育该领域的未来

IF 51 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01102-7

Anoohya N. Muppirala, Mitchell T. Ringuet, Alain J. Benitez, Kristen M. Smith-Edwards, Keith A. Sharkey, Nathalie Vergnolle

引用次数: 0

Large language models for clinical decision support in gastroenterology and hepatology 用于胃肠病学和肝病学临床决策支持的大型语言模型

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01108-1

Isabella Catharina Wiest, Mamatha Bhat, Jan Clusmann, Carolin V. Schneider, Xiaofeng Jiang, Jakob Nikolas Kather

{"title":"Large language models for clinical decision support in gastroenterology and hepatology","authors":"Isabella Catharina Wiest, Mamatha Bhat, Jan Clusmann, Carolin V. Schneider, Xiaofeng Jiang, Jakob Nikolas Kather","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01108-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01108-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clinical decision making in gastroenterology and hepatology has become increasingly complex and challenging for physicians. This growing complexity can be addressed by computational tools that support clinical decisions. Although numerous clinical decision support systems (CDSS) have emerged, they have faced difficulties with real-world performance and generalizability, resulting in limited clinical adoption. Generative artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), are introducing new possibilities for CDSS by offering more flexible and adaptable support that better reflects complex clinical scenarios. LLMs can process unstructured text, including patient data and medical guidelines, and integrate various information sources with high accuracy, especially when augmented with retrieval-augmented generation. Thus, LLMs can provide dynamic, context-specific support by generating personalized treatment recommendations, identifying potential complications based on patient history, and enabling natural language interactions with health-care providers. However, important challenges persist, particularly regarding biases, hallucinations, interoperability barriers, and proper training of health-care providers. We examine the parallel evolution of the complexity in clinical management in gastroenterology and hepatology, and the technical developments leading to current generative AI models. We discuss how these advances are converging to create effective CDSS, providing a conceptual basis for further development and clinical adoption of these systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"296 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The future of pathology in gastroenterology and hepatology 胃肠病学和肝病病理学的未来

IF 51 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01103-6

Julien Calderaro

引用次数: 0

Credible inferences in microbiome research: ensuring rigour, reproducibility and relevance in the era of AI. 微生物组研究中的可信推论：确保人工智能时代的严谨性、可重复性和相关性。

IF 65.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-025-01100-9

Alberto Caminero,Carolina Tropini,Mireia Valles-Colomer,Dennis L Shung,Sean M Gibbons,Michael G Surette,Harry Sokol,Nicholas J Tomeo, ,Phillip I Tarr,Elena F Verdu

{"title":"Credible inferences in microbiome research: ensuring rigour, reproducibility and relevance in the era of AI.","authors":"Alberto Caminero,Carolina Tropini,Mireia Valles-Colomer,Dennis L Shung,Sean M Gibbons,Michael G Surette,Harry Sokol,Nicholas J Tomeo, ,Phillip I Tarr,Elena F Verdu","doi":"10.1038/s41575-025-01100-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-025-01100-9","url":null,"abstract":"The microbiome has critical roles in human health and disease. Advances in high-throughput sequencing and metabolomics have revolutionized our understanding of human gut microbial communities and identified plausible associations with a variety of disorders. However, microbiome research remains constrained by challenges in establishing causality, an over-reliance on correlative studies, and methodological and analytical limitations. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool to address these challenges; however, the seamless integration of preclinical models and clinical trials is crucial to maximizing the translational impact of microbiome studies. This manuscript critically evaluates best methodological practices and limitations in the field, focusing on how emerging AI tools can bridge the gap between microbial insights and clinical applications. Specifically, we emphasize the necessity of rigorous, reproducible methodologies that integrate multiomics approaches, preclinical models and clinical trials in the AI-driven era. We propose a practical framework for applying AI to microbiome studies, alongside strategic recommendations for clinical trial design, regulatory pathways, and best practices for microbiome-based informed diagnostics, AI training and clinical interventions. By establishing these guidelines, we aim to accelerate the translation of microbiome research into clinical practice, enabling precision medicine approaches informed by the human microbiome.","PeriodicalId":18793,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &Hepatology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":65.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0