NanoImpact最新文献

{"title":"Soil organic matter fractions govern the transformation of selenium nanoparticles: a multi-technique analytical study","authors":"Anna Czyż,&nbsp;Katarzyna Pawlak,&nbsp;Maciej Trzaskowski,&nbsp;Evelin Moldenhauer,&nbsp;Magdalena Borowska","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium is a vital trace element for human health, but its distribution in European arable soils is often deficient. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) represent a promising solution for biofortification due to their slow-release properties and reduced toxicity. However, their environmental behavior is dictated by interactions with soil organic matter (SOM). This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the physicochemical behavior of green-synthesized SeNPs (using yeast and soapwort extracts, and orange juice) within complex soil matrices. Utilizing an advanced analytical toolkit, including single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (spICP-MS/MS), asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4-DLS/MALS), and capillary electrophoresis (CE-ICP-MS/MS), we characterized nanoparticle stability, aggregation, and the formation of the “eco-corona”. HPLC-ESIMS/ MS was further employed to identify specific SOM components, such as lignins, tannins, and peptides, responsible for surface interactions. Results indicate that the interaction of nanoparticles depends on their surface modification and, therefore, on the method of synthesis. SeNPs synthesized with orange juice exhibit superior stability, while specific SOM fractions and high salinity significantly drive aggregation and dissolution. This study provides critical insights into the ligand-mediated processes that govern the lifecycle of SeNPs in agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100639"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148405119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory testing of ZnO nanoforms – Part 2: Aquatic toxicity testing of selected nanoforms on algae and daphnids","authors":"Karsten Schlich ,&nbsp;Maria Vogt ,&nbsp;Kirsten Germing ,&nbsp;Boris Meisterjahn ,&nbsp;Nicola Schröder ,&nbsp;Burkhard Knopf ,&nbsp;Christopher Cooper ,&nbsp;Frank van Assche ,&nbsp;Christine Spirlet ,&nbsp;Howard Winbow","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2019, the REACH-registration dossier of ZnO was evaluated by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), which requested additional data on the fate and effects of all nanoforms present on the EU market. A testing scheme was specified, divided into two steps. First, fate data (OECD GD 29; OECD TG 318) were required for the 28 ZnO nanoforms available on the EU market at that time. In the second step, representative nanoforms were tested for their chronic toxicity to aquatic organisms using the freshwater algal growth inhibition test (OECD TG 201) and the <em>Daphnia magna</em> reproduction test (OECD TG 211), applying nano-specific adaptations available before OECD GD 317 was published.</div><div>The objective of the testing program was to generate robust, GLP-compliant ecotoxicological data to determine whether Zn ions are the primary toxicity driver for nano ZnO or whether specific nano-related effects occur. Results indicated that in all test systems the main fraction consisted of particles and agglomerates with a hydrodynamic diameter &gt; 200 nm, while only small amounts of dispersed (&lt;200 nm) or dissolved (&lt;200 nm + 3 kDa) fractions were detected of which approx. 1.6% to 2.9% were assumed to be nano.</div><div>Despite particle–algae hetero-agglomeration, effective concentrations from both test systems showed good comparability between ZnO nanoforms and ionic ZnCl₂, when considering natural variability within the test. Thus, findings point to ionic zinc as the main driver of toxicity, with no clear evidence for an additional nano-specific effect. Furthermore, sequential filtration measurements provided useful insights into the behaviour of ZnO nanomaterials during testing and their interactions with aquatic organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100632"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148016413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating approaches and regulations to address plastic pollution: Spotlighting nanosized particles","authors":"Sara Novak ,&nbsp;Mark Morrison ,&nbsp;Rudolf Reuther ,&nbsp;Lesley Tobin de Fuentes ,&nbsp;Veno Kononenko ,&nbsp;Damjana Drobne","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper critically reviews current initiatives, regulatory measures, and safety standards addressing plastic pollution, highlighting developments in Europe. While numerous policies and standards are in place, their impact is often constrained by fragmented implementation across disciplines, nations, and sectors. The urgent need for focused scientific research is especially evident in the case of nanoplastics, whose distinctive physicochemical properties and interactions with other contaminants present complex challenges for risk assessment and environmental monitoring. We explore pathways toward sustainable solutions, focusing on reducing plastic footprints and embedding Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD) principles into innovation and production. Data-driven Operational Research (OR) tools are presented as a means to optimize decision-making, ensuring interventions remain efficient, evidence-based, and responsive to evolving scientific insights. Equally important is the adoption of rigorous quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) protocols in hazard and fate studies, which are vital for producing reliable, reproducible data that can inform both science and policy.</div><div>This policy analysis situates pollutants within a complex, interconnected system and introduces the exposome approach as a framework for evaluating cumulative environmental exposures over time. Embedding exposome science within the One Health paradigm offers a forward-looking strategy that bridges research, governance, and technology. Such integration fosters interdisciplinary collaboration and enables more effective pollution management. Ultimately, progress in addressing global plastic pollution depends less on new legislation and more on overcoming fragmented efforts through coordinated, cross-sector action guided by One Health perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100628"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical responses of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) to polyethylene micro- and nanoplastics exposure","authors":"Gaia di Gennaro ,&nbsp;Monica Ruffini Castiglione ,&nbsp;Lucia Giorgetti ,&nbsp;Giulia Lauria ,&nbsp;Lorenzo D'Asaro ,&nbsp;Stefania Bottega ,&nbsp;Carmelina Spanò ,&nbsp;Simonetta Muccifora ,&nbsp;Costanza Ceccanti ,&nbsp;Lucia Guidi ,&nbsp;Anna Davini ,&nbsp;Marco Landi","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although plastic threatens terrestrial ecosystems, the effects of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) combination in plants remain poorly understood and need in-depth investigations. This study investigates the effects of polyethylene MNPs (0.1% <em>w</em>/<em>v</em>; Ø 200–9900 nm) on <em>Ocimum basilicum</em> by exposing seeds to MNPs for 5 days (Seed Treatment; ST) or hydroponically-grown 20-day seedlings for 15 days (Plant Treatment; PT). Biometric, physiological, cytological, ultrastructural responses, oxidative stress level and antioxidant responses were analyzed. In PT, transmission electron microscopy revealed MNPs presence in xylem vessel of stem, highlighting the translocation of smaller particles to aerial parts. MNPs adsorption onto roots reduced water uptake, affecting plant metabolism. ST impaired root growth, with signs of cyto-genotoxicity and oxidative damage. PT reduced CO₂ assimilation due to stomatal limitations and altered plants biometric traits, including root length (+42.6%), root biomass (−35.2%) and leaf area. Oxidative stress increased in leaves in terms of H₂O₂ accumulation (+47.4%) and lipid peroxidation (+22.2%). These findings underscore the detrimental impact of MNPs on basil growth. Further research is essential to elucidate MNPs uptake and translocation mechanisms, and to assess the potential risks of MNPs contamination for plant health and ecosystem integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100634"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential adsorption of dinotefuran by biodegradable PBAT and PLA microplastics and the vectoring risk to Escherichia coli","authors":"Shuixia Qiu,&nbsp;Xianzhao Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Fang,&nbsp;Fengmao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodegradable mulch microplastics (BMPs), such as PBAT and PLA, are widely used in agriculture but can persist in soils and carry coexisting pesticides like dinotefuran (DIN). Despite its widespread use, DIN's environmental fate and microbial toxicity remain insufficiently understood. This study explores the adsorption behavior of DIN on PBAT and PLA and assesses the toxicity of MPs‑neonicotinoid complexes. To provide a more comprehensive understanding, two structurally related neonicotinoids, imidacloprid (IMI) and clothianidin (CLO), were included as comparative references. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were measured, along with multi-scale characterization (SEM, XRD, FT-IR, XPS, contact angle). The results were integrated with <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E.coli</em>) inhibition assays to assess microbial toxicity. PBAT exhibited a rougher surface with lower crystallinity (7.8% vs 17.1%), and greater hydrophobicity (contact angle 107.7° vs 92.9°) compared to PLA. This increased hydrophobicity likely contributed to the higher adsorption capacity of PBAT for DIN, as confirmed by Langmuir isotherm fitting (Q_m ≈ 15.2 mg·kg⁻¹ for PBAT vs Q_m ≈ 4.69 mg·kg⁻¹ for PLA). FT-IR/XPS indicated hydrogen-bonding/dipole interactions acting cooperatively with hydrophobic association. Increasing CaCl₂ (0–0.1 mol·L⁻¹) enhanced adsorption while NaCl produced a biphasic response, that is low-level promotion, mid-high suppression. MPs-DIN mixtures more strongly inhibited <em>E.coli</em> than single exposures. These results identify BMPs as potential vectors of neonicotinoids and highlight polymer chemistry and environmental modulators in co-exposure risk assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100627"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147750192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Polystyrene nanoplastics modulate neurite length in a size-specific manner” [Nanoimpact, Volume 41 (2026), 100614]","authors":"Veronika Górová,&nbsp;Thuy Thi Lai,&nbsp;Alexey M. Afonin,&nbsp;Kore Nemeth,&nbsp;Anssi Pelkonen,&nbsp;Tarja Malm,&nbsp;Pasi Jalava,&nbsp;Riikka Lampinen,&nbsp;Katja M. Kanninen","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100625"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of micro/nanoplastics combined with three anthropogenic chemicals on larval zebrafish (Danio rerio): study of toxicity, behaviour and assessment of uptake","authors":"Ludovic Hermabessiere ,&nbsp;Bailey Levesque ,&nbsp;Violet Chilvers ,&nbsp;Justin Tom ,&nbsp;Joseph P.M. Hui ,&nbsp;Anja Vogt ,&nbsp;Lee D. Ellis","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro and nanoplastics are ubiquitous and can lead to adverse biological effects in exposed organisms. Organisms can also be co-exposed to plastics along with synthetic chemicals. In this work, using the NRC Zebrafish Embryo Toxicity test, we evaluated the potential toxicity of different sized plastic particles, along with the effects of combining them with the known toxicants, triphenyl phosphate, tetrabromobisphenol A and fluoxetine. Following chemical/plastic exposure, morphological abnormalities and behaviour were recorded, along with the chemical uptake of the toxicants by the larvae. The PS sphere particles used (0.42, 2.25 and 8.87 μm) exhibited no significant effects on larvae at the environmental concentrations tested (0.05–50 μg/mL) including no changes in larval behavioural activities. However, the presence of the micro/nanoplastic particles did increase the overt toxicity of the chemicals by changing their EC₅₀. Additionally, for all three chemicals, some plastic sizes decreased larval behaviour during the baseline or first light-dark period. Plastic particles did not modify the chemical uptake by the larvae. This suggests that enhanced toxicity caused by the plastics is not linked to changes in chemical uptake, metabolism, or excretion as hypothesized. Additional studies are necessary to better understand the role of plastic particles in a multiple stressor environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100623"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photo-mechanical synergy in plastic weathering: UV aging accelerates shear-driven nanoparticle release in water","authors":"A.H.M. Enamul Kabir,&nbsp;Irem Şimşek,&nbsp;Banu Örmeci","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the shear-driven fragmentation of the UV-aged (UV-A: 340 nm; 0.91 W·m⁻² over 16 weeks; dose = 8.81 × 10³ kJ·m⁻²) and unaged polyethylene microspheres (180–212 μm) in water. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that UV aging and shear mixing altered the particle surface morphology, whereas the unaged particles without shear mixing remained intact. The continuous increase in carbonyl (0.15—0.36), vinyl (0.14—0.3), and ester (0.14—0.34) values indicated a progressive photo-oxidation in the microspheres. After shear-mixing of both the UV-aged and pristine groups in the jar-tester (240 rpm; energy density 2.84 KJ/L; shear rate, <em>G</em>_{<em>bulk</em>} = 6.3 × 10² s⁻¹) over different time points (30, 60, 90, and 120 min), nanoparticle tracking analysis revealed a one-magnitude higher nanoparticle concentration in UV-aged suspensions than in the pristine ones by 120 min, with mean concentrations of 2.7 × 10⁷ and 4.5 × 10⁶ particles mL⁻¹, respectively. The nanoparticle release rate was six times higher in UV-aged (3556 particles·s⁻¹) than in the pristine particles (576 particles·s⁻¹). Nanoparticle mean size decreased to 62.7 nm from 128 nm, and to 72.3 nm from 122.6 nm for UV-aged and pristine particles, respectively. First-order exponential fits (<em>R</em>^<em>2</em> = 0.956–0.985) for particle count growth and size decay revealed that UV-aged particles fragmented 1.2 times faster, resulting in shorter doubling times and half-lives. The nanoparticle counts increased while their size decreased exponentially. UV-aging reduced the negative surface charge, while shear mixing exhibited a neutralizing effect on the particles. Shear mixing alone released nanoparticles, while pre-UV-treatment amplified the effect. This study provided a shear-kinetic framework that serves as a baseline for establishing photo-mechanical synergy in plastic degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100629"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systems toxicology of naturally aged polypropylene microplastics in zebrafish","authors":"Raíssa de Oliveira Ferreira ,&nbsp;Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães ,&nbsp;Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Ariane Guimarães ,&nbsp;Thiarlen Marinho da Luz ,&nbsp;Guilherme Malafaia","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic (MP) pollution represents an emerging threat to aquatic ecosystems; yet, most studies remain restricted to isolated biomarker comparisons, without addressing how these pollutants reorganize organisms' systemic properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of naturally aged polypropylene microplastics (NAPP-MPs) – a highly abundant and environmentally relevant polymer - on adult <em>Danio rerio</em>, a recognized model organism in ecotoxicological studies. Fish were exposed to 4.5 mg/L of NAPP-MPs for 15 days and assessed using a biomarker panel that encompassed oxidative and nitrosative stress, antioxidant defenses, neurochemical and endocrine parameters, and digestive protease activities. We observed substantial particle bioaccumulation and consistent biochemical alterations, including increased production of reactive oxygen species, elevated levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, activation of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and enhancement of non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses, as measured by the DPPH method. Moreover, we detected elevated concentrations of dopamine, serotonin, and cortisol, as well as increased acetylcholinesterase activity and intensified actions of the digestive proteases trypsin and chymotrypsin. Beyond mean-level differences, we applied a multiscale analytical framework—including criticality analysis, signed networks, information theory, energy landscapes, and Bayesian causal modeling with bootstrap—which revealed that NAPP-MPs shift biochemical systems from adaptive critical regimes to less stable and fragmented states, characterized by loss of cohesion, reorganization of informational flows, and altered functional hierarchies across regulatory modules. Collectively, our results demonstrate that NAPP-MPs not only trigger discrete biochemical responses in zebrafish but also reshape the systemic architecture of homeostasis, undermining both stability and adaptive plasticity. Thus, our study advances the field by integrating innovative methodologies into MP ecotoxicology, providing a conceptual and methodological framework that broadens understanding of their risks and supports more realistic, complex environmental assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100626"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial nano silver (Ag)-enabled wound dressing evaluated using open flow microperfusion: Comparison of uncoated versus hydroxyethyl cellulose-coated Ag","authors":"Ilaria Zanoni ,&nbsp;Simon Schwingenschuh ,&nbsp;Thomas Birngruber ,&nbsp;Peter Reisenegger ,&nbsp;Sandeep Keshavan ,&nbsp;Sebastian Santhosh Martin ,&nbsp;Bengt Fadeel ,&nbsp;Kai Moritz Eder ,&nbsp;Jürgen Schnekenburger ,&nbsp;Alessandro Bonetto ,&nbsp;Elena Badetti ,&nbsp;Claudia Vineis ,&nbsp;Simona Ortelli ,&nbsp;Anna Luisa Costa ,&nbsp;Magda Blosi","doi":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.impact.2026.100630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silver nanoparticles (NPs) are frequently deployed in medical devices due to their antimicrobial properties. We previously reported an eco-friendly process for preparing AgNPs by using a quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) as a capping and reducing agent. Here, inspired by the Safe and Sustainable by Design framework, we conducted a comprehensive safety and efficacy assessment of AgHEC <em>versus</em> commercial uncoated AgNPs before and after their integration into wound dressings based on poly L-lactic acid fibers prepared by electrospinning (PLLA-Ag and PLLA-AgHEC). We demonstrated that the AgHEC formulation displayed an improved antibacterial efficacy compared to its uncoated counterpart. We also performed colloidal and dissolution studies <em>in vitro</em> using relevant biological media. Moreover, the toxicological evaluation using state-of-the-art porcine skin models and the clinically relevant dermal open flow microperfusion (dOFM) approach demonstrated negligible penetration of silver through both intact and disrupted skin while no evidence for elevated inflammatory immune responses was noted compared to the control. Taken together, our findings not only validate AgHEC as an alternative for wound healing applications but also establishes a robust methodological framework for the future evaluation of other nanobiomaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18786,"journal":{"name":"NanoImpact","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100630"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147817619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}