Microscopy Research and Technique最新文献

{"title":"Efficient Brain Tumor Detection and Segmentation Using DN-MRCNN With Enhanced Imaging Technique.","authors":"Jeenath Shafana N, Senthilselvi Ayothi","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article proposes a method called DenseNet 121-Mask R-CNN (DN-MRCNN) for the detection and segmentation of brain tumors. The main objective is to reduce the execution time and accurately locate and segment the tumor, including its subareas. The input images undergo preprocessing techniques such as median filtering and Gaussian filtering to reduce noise and artifacts, as well as improve image quality. Histogram equalization is used to enhance the tumor regions, and image augmentation is employed to improve the model's diversity and robustness. To capture important patterns, a gated axial self-attention layer is added to the DenseNet 121 model, allowing for increased attention during the analysis of the input images. For accurate segmentation, boundary boxes are generated using a Regional Proposal Network with anchor customization. Post-processing techniques, specifically nonmaximum suppression, are performed to neglect redundant bounding boxes caused by overlapping regions. The Mask R-CNN model is used to accurately detect and segment the entire tumor (WT), tumor core (TC), and enhancing tumor (ET). The proposed model is evaluated using the BraTS 2019 dataset, the UCSF-PDGM dataset, and the UPENN-GBM dataset, which are commonly used for brain tumor detection and segmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Insights Into Telocyte Presence and Distribution in the Cornea of the Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis) Using Immunofluorescence Analysis.","authors":"Ahmed M Rashwan, Hagar M Mohamed, Samir A A El-Gendy, Hanan H Abd-Elhafeez, Ahmed A El-Mansi, Mamdouh B Eldesoqui, Amal F Dawood, Mohamed A M Alsafy","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The eye of the laughing dove (Spilopelia senegalensis) is uniquely adapted to thrive in arid environments, withstanding airborne particles and harsh conditions, demonstrating its remarkable structural and functional resilience. This study aimed to explore the cellular composition of the laughing dove's cornea, focusing on telocytes-a cell type previously unreported in avian corneas. This work represents the first demonstration of telocytes in the cornea of any bird species. We used hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining to comprehensively visualize the corneal layers, while silver staining, methylene blue, toluidine blue staining, and immunofluorescence with telocyte-specific markers (CD34, PDGFRα, and vimentin) were utilized to identify telocytes and confirm their distribution. The cornea of the laughing dove was shown to consist of five unique layers: the epithelium, Bowman's layer, stroma, Descemet's membrane, and endothelium. Telocytes were detected using silver, methylene blue, and toluidine blue stains as spindle-shaped cells with branched extensions known as telopodes. Double immunofluorescence for PDGFRα and CD34 confirmed the existence of telocytes across all corneal layers. In the epithelium, intraepithelial telocytes were sparsely distributed, possibly contributing to epithelial maintenance and cellular signaling. In Bowman's layer, telocytes were identified, likely supporting structural integrity and intercellular interactions. The stroma exhibited the highest abundance of telocytes, highlighting their critical role in extracellular matrix remodeling and cellular connectivity. In Descemet's membrane, telocytes likely contribute to the structural stability of this basement membrane, while in the endothelium, they appear to play roles in endothelial repair, fluid regulation, and signaling processes. Double immunofluorescence of vimentin and CD34 revealed distinct localization patterns. While CD34 identified telocytes in all corneal layers, vimentin expression was confined to the stroma, predominantly in the superficial region. Vimentin was specifically localized to telopodes, while CD34 was more evenly distributed, with strong expression in both the central bodies of telocytes and telopodes. The partial co-expression of CD34 and vimentin suggests functional specialization within telocytes, with vimentin likely supporting telopode structure and long-range signaling. Our findings underscore the critical role of telocytes in corneal structure and function, particularly their contributions to the laughing dove's adaptation to harsh environmental conditions. This study not only identifies telocytes in the avian cornea for the first time but also highlights their presence in all corneal layers, suggesting their broader functional roles in maintaining corneal homeostasis and resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semi-Automated Interphase FISH (iFISH) Spot Scoring in CD138-Positive Cells: Validation Study for Genetic Abnormalities Detection in Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Daniela Borri, Chin Jia Lin, Victor Camillo, Renata K Kishimoto, Mauren F M Santos, Roberta M Safranauskas, Maria G Cordeiro, Jason de L Silva, Amanda A C Coimbra, Gilmara de S E Silva, Murilo C Cervato, Elvira D R P Velloso","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted a study to validate the automated scoring of Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization (FISH) in a routine cytogenetics laboratory using selected CD138-positive cells in samples from patients with multiple myeloma. A workstation was optimized based on the manufacturer's configurations. Six commercial probes (CDKN2C/CKS1B, RB1/DLEU1/LAMP1, TP53/CEN17, FGFR3::IGH, CCND1::IGH, and IGH::MAF) were examined to detect gains, losses, and rearrangements of genes across a total of 180 slides. We used reference values proposed by the European Myeloma Network (10% for rearrangements and 20% for gains and losses) to compare the accuracy of manual, automated, and semi-automated (automated coupled with manual revision) scoring. The time spent by the biologist to perform semi-automated and manual scoring was compared. Automated scoring was not effective and lacked validation. In contrast, semi-automated scoring proved to be efficient and highly accurate for all probes and offered time-saving benefits for deletion/gain probes. These findings suggest that semi-automated iFISH scoring for multiple myeloma is feasible and could become a routine practice in cytogenetics laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143542602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bond Strength and Adhesive Interface Quality of New Pre-Mixed Bioceramic Root Canal Sealer.","authors":"Gustavo Creazzo, Bruna Monteiro de Barros Ciribelli Alves, Helena Cristina de Assis, Karen Gisselle Garay Villamayor, Manoel Damião de Sousa-Neto, Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves, Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the bond strength and adhesive interface quality between root dentin and pre-mixed bioceramic sealers: AH Plus Bioceramic, Bio-C Sealer, and NeoSEALER Flo. Thirty-six single-rooted teeth were endodontically treated and divided into three groups (n = 12) based on the sealer used: GI-AH Plus Bioceramic; GII-Bio-C Sealer; GIII-NeoSEALER Flo. Fluorescein dye was added to two samples of each group. After three times the sealer's setting time, specimens were sectioned. The first and second slices underwent push-out testing with failure pattern analysis (n = 10). The third slice was used for confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) (n = 10). Samples with dye were analyzed using confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscopy (CLSM). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, χ², and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The two-way ANOVA t revealed significant differences for the sealer factor, with Bio-C Sealer showing the highest bond strength (2.61 ± 1.58), followed by NeoSEALER Flo (1.76 ± 1.30) and AH Plus Bioceramic (1.37 ± 1.44). NeoSEALER Flo showed values similar to AH Plus Bioceramic and Bio-C Sealer. The χ² test revealed a significant difference in failure type across root thirds, with adhesive and cohesive failures more common in the apical third. No significant differences were found between sealers or root thirds for penetrability. Bio-C Sealer exhibited the highest bond strength, while NeoSEALER Flo showed intermediate results. Both Bio-C Sealer and NeoSEALER Flo demonstrated superior adhesive interface adaptation, with no significant differences in penetrability among sealers.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Metallurgical Features on the Cyclic and Torsional Properties of Five Reciprocating Instruments Manufactured With Blue Thermal Treatment.","authors":"Abel Victor Isidro Teves Cordova, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Cesar Andre Zevallos Quiroz, Hubert Ponce Guzmán, Pedro Souza Calefi, Bruna Oliveira Pinto, Diego Rafael Nespeque Correa, Carlos Roberto Grandini, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the metallurgical and mechanical properties of five reciprocating instruments with blue thermal treatment. A total of 200 NiTi rotary instruments (25.08 and 40.06) were used: Reciproc Blue (RB), RC Blue (RCB), Only One File (OOF), Blue T (BT), and Rec Blue File (RBF). The cyclic fatigue test was performed in an artificial canal with a curvature angle of 60° and a curvature radius of 5 mm (n = 20). The time to fracture was recorded (TTF). The torsional test was performed to evaluate the maximum torsional strength and angular deflection of the instrument's tip (n = 20). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to assess the metallurgical features. ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for statistical comparison. The OOF 25.08 and 40.06 exhibited higher TTF than the other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference among OOF, RBF, and RB 25.08 regarding the torsional strength (p > 0.05). RCB 40.06 had the lowest torsional strength (p > 0.05). DSC analysis indicated that OOF had higher austenite start and finishing temperatures. XRD analysis revealed that the 25.08 and 40.06 instruments of OOF had the highest peaks of the martensite phase. Variations in metallurgical phases and temperature transformations affected the mechanical properties of the instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Different Application Parameters of Cold Atmospheric Plasma on Foodborne Pathogen Inactivation.","authors":"Berat Cinar Acar","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foodborne pathogens are a major public health concern, causing millions of illnesses and deaths yearly. Traditional thermal processing methods, such as cooking and pasteurization, are effective at killing pathogens, but they can also damage food quality. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) can inactivate foodborne pathogens without damaging food quality. CAP has several advantages over traditional thermal processing methods. It is a non-thermal process, meaning that it does not heat food. This can help to preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of food. CAP can be targeted to specific areas of food, such as the surface or interior. This can help to reduce the overall processing time and energy consumption. In the study, two Gram (+) (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644), three Gram (-) (Salmonella typhimurium CCM 5445, Salmonella enteridis ATCC 13076, Escherichia coli O157:H7), and one yeast culture (Candida albicans ATCC 10231), known as pathogens, were used to examine the influence of CAP on microorganisms. The samples were treated with CAP at different power rates (100, 150, and 200 W) and exposure times (30, 60, 180, and 300 s) with different application parameters (directly to microorganisms, distilled water, microorganism + distilled water combination). Then, the number of viable cells was determined after the procedure. Among the methods, it was found that the direct cold plasma application is the most effective for the inhibition of microorganisms. Besides, it was designated that the inhibition of pathogen microorganisms increased as the power rate and contact time enhanced. Cold plasma treatment induced membrane damage in microorganism cells, with the severity of damage increased with longer treatment times. A 300-s direct plasma exposure induced cell lysis and membrane disintegration, highlighting the potential of this technology. This study aimed to investigate the potential of CAP technology to control microbial contamination in food and agriculture, focusing on determining optimal treatment parameters and understanding the morphological changes induced in bacteria by the plasma.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Wound Healing Potential of Characterized Bergenia ciliata-Loaded Salvia hispanica Hydrogel in Diabetic Mice.","authors":"Muhammad Summer, Shaukat Ali, Gulzar Muhammad, Anfah Riaz","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study assessed the wound healing potential of Bergenia ciliata (BC) extract, BC-loaded Salvia hispanica hydrogel (CH-BC) and Bergenia ciliata nanoparticles (NPs)-loaded Salvia hispanica hydrogel (CH-BC AgNPs/NPs-loaded hydrogel) using in vitro and in vivo studies. The prepared hydrogel and its components were analyzed using UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis/particle size analyzer (PSA), zeta potential, fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Peaks and peak shifts at 450-460, 250-260, and 270-280 nm in UV-vis and FT-IR (500-4000 cm^-1) confirmed extract loading and various functional group presence. DLS confirmed the nanometric size of BC AgNP while zeta potential indicated the slightly negative charge of prepared hydrogel. SEM assessed the average size and topography of Bergenia ciliata-mediated nanoparticles (BC AgNPs) and BC AgNPs loaded hydrogel (CH-BC AgNPs), and XRD peaks at various 2ϴ (10-70) confirmed the topographical and crystalline and porous nature of materials. Bergenia ciliata extract showed higher radical scavenging (74.19% ± 1.84%) and iron chelation activity (93.70 ± 2.20) at 50 and 25 μL/mL, respectively, while CH-BC AgNPs produced the lowest (48.97% ± 3.0%) at 25 and 75 μL/mL (54.35 ± 3.24). Moreover, Chia hydrogel (CH) synergistically enhanced (1.30%) DPPH scavenging. The wound contraction percentage augmented the CH-BC AgNPs as the potent candidate for wound healing (14th day). These findings were further supported by a significant (p < 0.001) restoration of MMP2 (184.6 ± 11.7 pg/mL), TIMPs (184.8 ± 15.7 pg/mL), GPx (153.4 ± 11.5 pg/mL), and IL-6 (10 ± 1 pg/mL) levels as compared to those of diabetic negative control. The normal reepithelization, angiogenesis, and maturation of wounds in treatment groups after histological analysis further strengthened the supposed rationale that CH, along with the BC extract and CH-BC AgNPs, can act synergistically to improve therapeutic results. Hence, CH-BC appeared as a sustainable, biocompatible, and nontoxic agent for wound healing and paved the way for futuristic biomedical investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Ensemble for Central Serous Microscopic Retinopathy Detection in Retinal Optical Coherence Tomographic Images.","authors":"Syed Ale Hassan, Shahzad Akbar, Ijaz Ali Shoukat, Amjad R Khan, Faten S Alamri, Tanzila Saba","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retina is an important part of the eye that aids in focusing light and visual recognition to the brain. Hence, its damage causes vision loss in the human eye. Central serous retinopathy is a common retinal disorder in which serous detachment occurs at the posterior pole of the retina. Therefore, detection of CSR at an early stage with good accuracy can decrease the rate of vision loss and recover the vision to normal conditions. In the past, numerous manual techniques have been devised for CSR detection; nevertheless, they have demonstrated imprecision and unreliability. Thus, the deep learning method can play an important role in automatically detecting CSR. This research presents a convolutional neural network-based framework combined with segmentation and post-ocessing for CSR classification. There are several challenges in the segmentation of retinal images, such as noise, size variation, location, and shape of the fluid in the retina. To address these limitations, Otsu's thresholding has been employed as a technique for segmenting optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Pigments and fluids are present in epithelial detachment, and contrast adjustment and noise removal are required. After segmentation, post-processing is used, combining flood filling, dilation, and area thresholding. The segmented processed OCT scans were classified using the fusion of three networks: (i) ResNet-18, (ii) Google-Net, and (iii) VGG-19. After experimentation, the fusion of ResNet-18, GoogleNet, and VGG-19 achieved 99.6% accuracy, 99.46% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 99.73% F1 score using the proposed framework for classifying normal and CSR-affected images. A publicly available dataset OCTID comprises 207 normal and 102 CSR-affected images was utilized for testing and training of the proposed method. The experimental findings conclusively demonstrate the inherent suitability and efficacy of the framework put forth. Through rigorous testing and analysis, the results unequivocally validate the framework's ability to fulfill its intended objectives and address the challenges at hand.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Particles From Collagen Bio-Stimulating Materials Used in Facial Filling Procedures.","authors":"Marina de Moraes Nobre, May Anny Alves Fraga, Valéria Dal Coll, Cássia Almeida Brito, Livia Rodrigues de Menezes, Marcela Marçal Thebit, Américo Bortolazzo Correr","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to characterize the calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) particles present in collagen bio-stimulating materials used in facial rejuvenation procedures. Five collagen bio-stimulating materials were evaluated: Radiesse, Rennova Diamond, HarmonyCa, Victalab Bio-stimulator, and Optimus Bio-stimulator. One gram of each material was successively immersed in water to remove the organic part (carboxymethyl cellulose) until the supernatant was clear. Particle morphology and composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Radiesse showed particles with homogeneous distribution, spherical shape, and size between 24 and 38 μm. Rennova Diamond and HarmonyCa had a spherical shape and varied sizes, between 12-62 μm and 22-51 μm, respectively. Victalab and Optimus showed irregular particles, sharp angles, and sizes between 3-93 μm and 4-57 μm, respectively. FTIR analyzes showed that all materials presented CaHA with similar composition. It can be concluded that the collagen bio-stimulator materials presented different inorganic contents in terms of size and morphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Effects of Fagonia cretica Thereof: An In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation.","authors":"Muhammad Kashif, Arshad Abbas, Amar Nasir, Aziz Ur Rehman, Eram Rehman, Muhammad Ameen Jamal, Mohsin Kazi","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer has appeared as the second leading cause of death worldwide, and breast cancer has become a major health problem due to its high mortality and morbidity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for treatments that have minimal side effects while delivering effective therapeutic outcomes. A wild medicinal plant-derived extract has the potential to cure cancer and decrease side effects. In this study, we characterized the physicochemical properties of Fagonia cretica and evaluated its efficacy and safety as an anticancer drug. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, with total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 1.44 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g and 0.99 ± 0.02, respectively. Flavonoids and phenols were found to be the primary components in the aqueous extract, and kaempferol-7-o rhamanoside, flavanone, catechin, D-pinitol, arbutin, isorhamnetin, herbacetin-3,8-dimethyl ether, and lupeol were identified through LC-MS analysis. The MTT assay revealed the time- and dose-dependent effects of F. cretica on the viability of cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The scavenging properties also increased in a dose-dependent manner, with the maximum effect occurring at 200 μg/mL. The in vivo trials revealed that oral treatment with F. cretica at 120 mg/kg in cancer-induced rats significantly improved body weight and regressed the tumor compared with the control (4.09 ± 0.87 vs. 6.43 ± 1.21, p < 0.05), as evidenced by histopathology. The liver and kidney functions were normal, and a reduction in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and platelet count was observed after F. cretica treatment. These findings indicate that the aqueous extract of F. cretica possesses anticancer, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties without adverse effects on liver or kidney functions. The present research provides a theoretical basis for the use of medicinal plants; however, there is still a need to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}