Microscopy Research and Technique最新文献

{"title":"Coinciding Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema Grading With Rat Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Enhanced Capsule Generation Adversarial Network.","authors":"N Ramshankar, S Murugesan, Praveen K V, P M Joe Prathap","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the worldwide working-age population, visual disability and blindness are common conditions caused by diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). Nowadays, due to diabetes, many people are affected by eye-related issues. Among these, DR and DME are the two foremost eye diseases, the severity of which may lead to some eye-related problems and blindness. Early detection of DR and DME is essential to preventing vision loss. Therefore, an enhanced capsule generation adversarial network (ECGAN) optimized with the rat swarm optimization (RSO) approach is proposed in this article to coincide with DR and DME grading (DR-DME-ECGAN-RSO-ISBI 2018 IDRiD). The input images are obtained from the ISBI 2018 unbalanced DR grading data set. Then, the input fundus images are preprocessed using the Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter filtering technique, which reduces noise from the input image. The preprocessed image is fed to the discrete shearlet transform (DST) for feature extraction. The extracting features of DR-DME are given to the ECGAN-RSO algorithm to categorize the grading of DR and DME disorders. The proposed approach is implemented in Python and achieves better accuracy by 7.94%, 36.66%, and 4.88% compared to the existing models, such as the combined DR with DME grading for the cross-disease attention network (DR-DME-CANet-ISBI 2018 IDRiD), category attention block for unbalanced grading of DR (DR-DME-HDLCNN-MGMO-ISBI 2018 IDRiD), combined DR-DME classification with a deep learning-convolutional neural network-based modified gray-wolf optimizer with variable weights (DR-DME-ANN-ISBI 2018 IDRiD).</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142564681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Phytochemical and Nanotechnological Exploration of Melia azedarach With Silver Nitrate: Elucidating Multifaceted Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Insecticidal Potentials.","authors":"Asad Husain Shah, Ameena Khan, Neelam Khan, Sammyia Jannat, Khaloud Mohammed Alarjan, Mohamed S Elshikh, Afshan Afareen, Hajra Hameed","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants are a rich source of bioactive compounds with significant pharmaceutical and health applications. This study explores the phytochemical, therapeutic, and phytotoxic properties of Melia azedarach by analyzing extracts from its bark, flowers, leaves, and fruits using six solvents: ethanol, methanol, acetone, hexane, chloroform, and distilled water. Twenty-one phytochemical tests were conducted, revealing significantly positive results for various tests. However, the ethanolic and methanolic flower extracts yielded no significant results in other tests. The highest total phenolic content was found in the chloroform extract of the leaves (96 ± 0.01 mg/100 g), and the highest antioxidant activity was observed in the ethanolic and hexane leaf extracts, with a 98% DPPH scavenging rate. Antibacterial testing showed significant efficacy against Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis, Kluyvera spp., and Pseudomonas spp., with p values < 0.0001. The fruit chloroform extract demonstrated the highest alpha-amylase inhibition (93 ± 0.05), while the ethanolic leaf extract had the greatest tumor inhibition (85.6 ± 0.5). Insecticidal assays revealed that the acetone bark extract had the highest control values (56% and 57%). Due to their higher reducing potential, the leaves were used to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, EDX, and SEM, revealing an average particle size of 20-30 nm and spherical morphology. The AgNPs exhibited excellent antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and insecticidal activities. These findings highlight the potential of M. azedarach and its AgNPs for developing novel therapeutic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Applications Reveal Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance of TiO₂-Doped ZnS Nanocomposites.","authors":"S Synthiya, T Thilagavathi, R Uthrakumar, R Renuka, C Inmozhi, K Kaviyarasu","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal methods at ambient temperature. Based on XRD analysis, the average crystallite size of pure TiO₂ nanoparticles and those doped with ZnS was calculated to be 58 and 54 nm, respectively. At an angle of 25.4°, the prominent peak observed at the (101) plane of TiO₂ was confirmed. As can be seen from the collection of peaks, the TiO₂ formed has an anatase-type tetragonal crystal structure. A strain of -6.4541 × 10^-4 and a grain size of 33 nm can be seen in the W-H plot for TiO₂ nanoparticles. For doped ZnS nanoparticles, on the other hand, the values are 1.9448 × 10^-4 and 47 nm. In our study, we found that doped nanoparticles were average grain size 134 nm, while pure nanoparticles were average grain size 146 nm. Doping reduces the size of the nanomaterial, which means that the TiO₂ molecules form nanoclusters on their surfaces, which can lead to a larger grain size for a pure nanoparticle than for a doped nanoparticle. A wide range of functional groups and their associated bonds were investigated using FTIR spectra in synthesized nanomaterials. TiOTi bonds are subjected to a strong stretching vibration, which is confirmed by the absorption peaks from 450 cm^-1 to 800 cm^-1. The PL spectra for pure TiO₂- and ZnS-doped TiO₂ containing nanocomposites of ZnS emit ultraviolet light at wavelengths of 362 and 379 nm in the UV region. Pure and doped samples with optical bandgap energies of ~3.04 and ~3.8 eV corresponding to anatase phases were near ~3.18 eV in Tauc plots. Since the TiO₂-doped ZnS heterojunction migrates photoexcited holes toward the interface, while electrons migrate toward the bulk, this results in photoexcited holes migrating toward the interface. To calculate the specific capacitance of the synthesized materials, cyclic voltammetry with pure ZnS and those with ZnS-doped had specific capacitance values of 144.91 F/g and 120.11 F/g, respectively. The catalysts used were ZnS nanocomposite doped with TiO₂ in addition to pure TiO₂ nanoparticles. The degradation of dye within 80 min after sunlight exposure was monitored with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 20-min intervals. ZnS nanoparticles doped with TiO₂ display 87.8% greater efficiency than pure nanoparticles. Doped TiO₂ nanocomposite degrades at an 87.8% rate, whereas pure TiO₂ degrades at ~54%, indicating that the dopants enhance photocatalysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of BaTiO₃ nanoparticles as photocatalysts in the synthesis and characterization of novel fruit dyes is investigated.","authors":"N N Shafeera, D Saravanakkumar, K Mohamed Rafi, A Ayeshamariam, K Kaviyarasu","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24678","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the present work, the photocatalytic activity against the natural dye extracted from the novel fruits has been studied by the BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; nanoparticles (NPs) under a ultra-violet (UV) light source. The large concentrations of an essential phenolic agent present in this phytochemical extract superimposed with cloths fibers make strong stain and degrade into another form of toxic, which is excluded from the many textiles industries as the colorful waste waters without recycling and removal of that dye pigments have been investigated using both photodegradation and photoluminescence techniques. The entitled nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared using the soft chemical root-modified solvothermal synthesis combo method and exposure to heat treatment such that the annealing process has been done for different temperatures ranging from 100°C to 250°C. As for as concern the characterization, as a start, structural and morphology studies have been reported here that highly crystalline oriented peaks data using powder x-ray diffraction techniques (PXRD) as well as the surface morphology including the size, shape, and mass distribution using the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) techniques, which purely belong to rutile tetragonal structure of the crystal system and circular and noncircular flakes like rough surface morphology materials respectively. The lattice dissociation constant 'ε' value of the BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; NPs has determined to be ~2.71 × 10&lt;sup&gt;-3&lt;/sup&gt; using the Williamson-Hall (W-H plot) analysis of crystallographic data. In the UV visible spectroscopy findings, since the extreme quantum confinement of BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; nanoflakes/nanodisc, the optical energy bandgap has been estimated to be a range of 1.98 to 2.67 eV (~2.48 eV) found from the Tauc plot analysis, which contributes to the significantly owing to the enhanced photocatalytic efficiency with excellent performance along exciton formation, superoxide ions, and hydroxyl free radicals generations under UV-vis light irradiation resulting in efficient degradation of typical novel fruit organic dye. Photoluminescence spectra observed at room temperature and low temperature have been observed for the BaTiO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; nanoflakes, which exhibit the blue emission due to the crystalline defects such as the appearance of Ba vacancies leads to the conceivable beginning of p-type conductivity and the origination of free exciton emission reveals the direct bandgap transition nature of nanoflakes. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: According to our findings, 89.71% of the natural syzygium cumin is degraded by photocatalysis reaction. As a plausible mechanism for the destruction of natural dyes under solar light, photocatalytic destruction has been proposed. The reaction between these reactive free radical species leads to high efficiency photodegradation with a short decay time. In addition to water treatment and environmental cleaning applications, the excellent performance of thi","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to \"Microscopic Analysis of Plant-Mediated Silver Nanoparticle Toxicity in Rainbow Trout Fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss)\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assay on the Antibactericidal Functionality of Synthesized Mg-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles on the Dental Microbes.","authors":"Eman A Alhomaidi, Ibrahim A Saleh, Naser Zomot, Jehad S Al-Hawadi, Mansour Kha","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We succeeded in producing pure and magnesium-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Mg-Zn NPs) by making use of a Prosopis farcta leaf extract and subsequently distinguished the quality of our NPs with the use of field energy scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and UV-vis. In correlation to our observations, the particulates were spherically produced at a size of 20 nm with the ability to cause antimicrobial impacts on Streptococcus mutans bacteria and Candida albicans fungi. Inhibition zones of 18 ± 0.3 and 24 ± 0.3 mm were obtained for 5% Mg-Zn NPs against bacteria and fungi, respectively. Based on these results, our work suggests a practicable proposition for our synthesized product to be considered as a worthy alternative for dental and oral utilizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CellSAM: Advancing Pathologic Image Cell Segmentation via Asymmetric Large-Scale Vision Model Feature Distillation Aggregation Network.","authors":"Xiao Ma, Jin Huang, Mengping Long, Xiaoxiao Li, Zhaoyi Ye, Wanting Hu, Yaxiaer Yalikun, Du Wang, Taobo Hu, Liye Mei, Cheng Lei","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Segment anything model (SAM) has attracted extensive interest as a potent large-scale image segmentation model, with prior efforts adapting it for use in medical imaging. However, the precise segmentation of cell nucleus instances remains a formidable challenge in computational pathology, given substantial morphological variations and the dense clustering of nuclei with unclear boundaries. This study presents an innovative cell segmentation algorithm named CellSAM. CellSAM has the potential to improve the effectiveness and precision of disease identification and therapy planning. As a variant of SAM, CellSAM integrates dual-image encoders and employs techniques such as knowledge distillation and mask fusion. This innovative model exhibits promising capabilities in capturing intricate cell structures and ensuring adaptability in resource-constrained scenarios. The experimental results indicate that this structure effectively enhances the quality and precision of cell segmentation. Remarkably, CellSAM demonstrates outstanding results even with minimal training data. In the evaluation of particular cell segmentation tasks, extensive comparative analyzes show that CellSAM outperforms both general fundamental models and state-of-the-art (SOTA) task-specific models. Comprehensive evaluation metrics yield scores of 0.884, 0.876, and 0.768 for mean accuracy, recall, and precision respectively. Extensive experiments show that CellSAM excels in capturing subtle details and complex structures and is capable of segmenting cells in images accurately. Additionally, CellSAM demonstrates excellent performance on clinical data, indicating its potential for robust applications in treatment planning and disease diagnosis, thereby further improving the efficiency of computer-aided medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Accuracy and Lightweight Image Classification Network for Optimizing Lymphoblastic Leukemia Diagnosisy.","authors":"Liye Mei, Chentao Lian, Suyang Han, Shuangtong Jin, Jing He, Lan Dong, Hongzhu Wang, Hui Shen, Cheng Lei, Bei Xiong","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leukemia is a hematological malignancy that significantly impacts the human immune system. Early detection helps to effectively manage and treat cancer. Although deep learning techniques hold promise for early detection of blood disorders, their effectiveness is often limited by the physical constraints of available datasets and deployed devices. For this investigation, we collect an excellent-quality dataset of 17,826 morphological bone marrow cell images from 85 patients with lymphoproliferative neoplasms. We employ a progressive shrinking approach, which integrates a comprehensive pruning technique across multiple dimensions, including width, depth, resolution, and kernel size, to train our lightweight model. The proposed model achieves rapid identification of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and other bone marrow cell types with an accuracy of 92.51% and a throughput of 111 slides per second, while comprising only 6.4 million parameters. This model significantly contributes to leukemia diagnosis, particularly in the rapid and accurate identification of lymphatic system diseases, and provides potential opportunities to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of medical experts in the diagnosis and treatment of lymphocytic leukemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Characterization of Culex Quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) Pupae in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Abeer S Yamany, Rewaida Abdel-Gaber","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the last 30 years, several mosquito-borne diseases have spread worldwide, threatening human and animal health, including lymphatic filariasis. Lymphatic filariasis is a major public health issue in tropical regions like Saudi Arabia, caused by parasitic worms. The parasitic worms Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi are transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus. Cx. quinquefasciatus is a potential vector for various arboviruses like encephalitis virus and West Nile virus, along with protozoa like Plasmodium relictum that cause bird malaria. With the increasing number of mosquito species, there is an increased need for additional species identification. More attention is being directed to the immature stage, specifically the pupae, due to their valuable characteristics for species identification. Cx. quinquefaciatus, one of the nine Culicine species found in Saudi Arabia, lacks a complete description of its pupal stage and only has partial descriptions of other developmental stages, making identification challenging. This study aimed to investigate the morphological characteristics of Cx. quinquefaciatus pupae, focusing on the cephalothorax, trumpet, abdomen, paddle, and genital lobes, as well as the distribution and arrangement of setal branching and chaetotaxy. The pupae were collected from Qaryat Al Ulya Governorate, Eastern region, KSA, and maintained in a Biology Laboratory at the University of Hafr Al Batin from September to October 2022. The findings of this study have provided the essential characteristics regarding the distinguishing features of Cx. quinquefaciatus pupae to distinguish it from other closely related species. This identification could assist field entomologists in enhancing their efficiency by classifying mosquitoes during virus outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Space Disinfectants With Sodium Hypochlorite and Methylene Blue Loaded in Silver and Quartz Nanoparticles Activated by Photodynamic Therapy. A SEM Analysis.","authors":"Fahad Alkhudhairy, Yasser F AlFawaz","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24712","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-space disinfectants methylene blue loaded with silver (Ag) and Quartz nanoparticles (NPs) and MB alone activated by photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the survival of Enterococcus faecalis, smear layer (SL) removal efficacy, and extrusion bond strength (EBS) of fiber posts to canal dentin. Hundred mandibular premolars underwent root canal treatment using the rotary ProTaper system. The canals were obturated and post-space was prepared up to a length of 8 mm, maintaining a 5 mm seal. To assess antibacterial efficacy E. faecalis were inoculated in the canal (n = 20). The samples were then randomly allocated into four groups according to the canal disinfectant used to sterilize the canals. Group 1: 2.5% NaOCl+17% EDTA, Group 2: MB-PDT, Group 3: MB@QP-PDT, and Group 4: MB@AgNP-PDT (n = 25). SEM analysis was conducted on five samples from each disinfectant group to assess the removal of the SL. Survival rates were calculated (n = 5 from each group). Glass fiber post (GFP) was cemented to the root dentin of the remaining samples followed by artificial aging. Sectioning of the specimens was performed in all three-thirds of the canals. PBS was assessed followed by failure evaluation. ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used to compare the E. faecalis survival rate and PBS of fiber post among different investigated groups. Group 4 (MB@AgNP-PDT) treated canals exhibited the minimum survival rate (0.30 ± 0.04 CFU/mL) of E. faecalis and maximum PBS. However, the highest survival rate and minimum bond strength of GFP were observed in Group 1 (NaOCl+17% EDTA) and Group 2 (MB-PDT) treated teeth respectively. The highest SL removal was recorded in the coronal section of the samples of Group-4 disinfected with MB@AgNP-PDT. The lowest removal of SL was recorded in Group 2 samples sterilized with MB-PDT at apical one-third. Silver nanoparticles when utilized as nano-carriers to enhance the efficiency of MB activated by PDT, have been shown to exhibit the highest antimicrobial potency, improved capacity for SL removal and improved PBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}