Microscopy Research and Technique最新文献

{"title":"Sensilla on Organs of Adults of the Pistachio-Seed Wasp Eurytoma plotnikovi (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae).","authors":"Zhi Tan, Yunlan Zhang, Xiaohui Jiang, Guowei Zhang, Wei Huo, Zehai Hou","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pistachio-seed wasp, Eurytoma plotnikovi Nikol'skaya, is a major pest of the biomass energy tree Pistacia chinensis. Understanding its sensory system is vital for uncovering host location mechanisms, but information on its olfactory system is limited. This study investigated the morphology of sensilla on the bodies of female and male E. plotnikovi. We identified seven types of sensilla on their antennae: sensilla trichodea I (ST I), sensilla trichodea II (ST II), sensilla trichodea III (ST III), sensilla chaetica (SC), sensilla placodea, multiporous grooved peg sensilla, and finger-like sensilla. Most types of sensilla on male antennae are significantly longer than those on females. Sensilla basiconica I (SB I) was located among the ommatidia of the compound eyes, with males having longer SB I than females. The maxillary and labial palps contained SC and ST II, with males exhibiting longer ST II and SC in maxillary palps, while male labial palps had longer ST II but shorter SC than females. The forelegs had antennae cleaners, which were longer in males. Female forelegs had sensilla basiconica (SB II) and sensilla trichodea (ST IV), while males had ST I and lacked SB II. The abdomen of E. plotnikovi is elliptic and petal-like, with coeloconic sensilla symmetrically distributed. Females had ST II and ST III around the ovipositor, while males had ST I and ST II near the copulatory organ. Identifying the sensilla in E. plotnikovi enhances our comprehension of its sensory capabilities and host plant-seeking behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution to the Palynology and Its Taxonomic Relevance in Selected Taxa of Papilionoideae (Fabaceae) From Northeast India.","authors":"Sani Das, Suman Paul, Priyashi Kar, Marami Mili, Antara Bose, Badal Kumar Datta","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Papilionoideae is a taxonomically complex subfamily within the Fabaceae. Pollen characteristics are often used as additional diagnostic features in the taxonomy of Papilionoideae. Unfortunately, the pollen morphology of the Papilionoideae in India remains poorly understood. This study aims to bridge the palynological knowledge gap in the Papilionoideae taxa, focusing on Northeast India. In this investigation, light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to examine the pollen morphology of 10 species belonging to nine genera of Papilionoideae: Aeschynomene americana, Cajanus scarabaeoides, Calopogonium mucunoides, Crotalaria calycina, Crotalaria spectabilis, Grona triflora, Lablab purpureus, Pueraria phaseoloides, Tephrosia candida, and Uraria crinita. The pollen grains were prepared using Wodehouse's method; photomicrographs were taken to describe and measure the pollen traits. Pollen traits such as size, aperture number, and shape are stable traits, while exine sculptures, P/E ratio, and gap between two adjacent colpi (GBC) traits can differentiate Papilionoideae taxa. Most of the species (nine species) had tricolporate pollen grains except Aeschynomene americana with syncolporate pollen. Medium-sized pollen was observed in most of the studied species (eight species), except with small-sized pollen grains (A. americana, C. calycina). Three distinct pollen shapes were identified among the studied species: oblate-spheroidal (six species), prolate-spheroidal (three species), and prolate in Uraria crinita. Different types of exine sculpture observed were reticulate, fossulate, fossulate-verrucate, perforate, foveolate-reticulate, foveolate-granulate, rugulate-perforate, and psilate-perforate. The first two principal component analysis (PCA) axis showed 60.3% of the total data variance. Polar axis (PA), equatorial diameter (ED), apocolpium, mesocolpium, and GBC, colpi breadth (ColpiB), P/E, and nexine (> 0.7) contribute significantly to the PCA. Further, a taxonomic key has been prepared based on the pollen morphological characters for correct species identification. This study strengthens and validates the subfamily's taxonomic status and will serve as a foundation for more phylogenetic and molecular research on Papilionoideae.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Engineered Silver Nanoparticles, Characterization, and Time-Dependent Toxicity against Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio).","authors":"Qaisar Khan, Ali Muhammad Yousafzai, Pordil Khan, Mian Adnan Kakakhel, Muhammad Ishaq","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bio-engineered silver nanoparticles (BE-AgNPs) are receiving discernible attention due to their diverse application history; however, the interaction of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) with the environment and their toxicity in aquatic organisms is a matter of concern debate. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the bio-fabrication of Ag-NPs using Bellis perennis (B. perennis) plant flower extract and to assess their toxicity against Cyprinus carpio as an aquatic model organism. For this purpose, BE-AgNPs were synthesized and characterized using advanced analytical techniques (SEM, TEM, FTIR, and UV-visible absorption spectra), which showed that well-dispersed and cubical Ag-NPs with an average size of 15.4 nm were obtained. In addition, C. carpio after 96-h LC₅₀ test period were exposed to three determined concentrations, including 5, 10, and 15 mg/L of BE-AgNPs for 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively, for tissue histopathology and genotoxicity. Histopathological results revealed that BE-AgNPs caused degeneration, necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis in the muscles, liver, intestine, and gills of exposed C. carpio tissues using H and E staining slides. Moreover, BE-AgNPs caused DNA damage to C. carpio erythrocytes using the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis) technique. The study confirmed that BE-AgNPs induce significant myotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, branchial toxicity, intestinal toxicity, and genotoxicity in C. carpio. These findings highlight the environmental and ecological risks associated with the use of bio-engineered silver nanoparticles, particularly in aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interferometric Analysis of Knot Configurations Impact on Structural Properties and Mechanical Strength of Suture Materials.","authors":"Aliaa A Nafad, Nayera M El-Sayed, Mohammed A El-Bakary, Ahmed A Hamza","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite of their ancient legacy, the knots used in modern surgery often rely more on tradition than on hard scientific evidence. While various knot configurations, like square and surgeon's knot are commonplace, their effectiveness and strength have not been thoroughly investigated until now. This study aimed to bridge this gap by analyzing the structural and mechanical properties of three common suture materials (Monocryl, Maxon, and Prolene) tied in two knots configurations (square and surgeon's knot). A Mach-Zehnder interferometer, in conjunction with a mechanical drawing device, was employed to gauge the birefringence in various knot configurations under varying stress levels by tracking the interaction of light with each knot. This provides valuable insights into the structure and stiffness of the knots. The structural and optical properties of the suture materials at the two knots configurations were calculated. The mechanical properties, such as Young's modulus (E), and mechanical loss percentage due to the different knot configurations were also calculated. The radial structure parameters and structure along various sutures were investigated by measuring the 3D refractive index at various knot configurations. The results shed light on the fact that Monocryl and Maxon sutures are stiffer than Prolene sutures. This confirms that suture material composition plays a role in its rigidity and handling characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Enhancing Cisplatin Binding to Biomolecules for Improved Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Synergy.","authors":"Zainab Muhammad, Mahboob Alam, Nurul Huda Abd Kadir","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cisplatin and other anticancer drugs face challenges such as systemic toxicity and drug resistance, necessitating novel delivery strategies. Nanoparticles have revolutionized drug delivery by enhancing the efficacy and bioavailability of therapeutic agents. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were green-synthesized using Chromolaena odorata (CO) and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The interactions of Co-AgNPs, cisplatin, and their combination with biomolecules calf thymus DNA (ctDNA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and human serum albumin (HSA) were assessed for complex formation and structural alterations in the biomolecules. UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed surface plasmon resonance at 441 nm. SEM analysis indicated a near-Gaussian size distribution with a mean diameter of 0.44 μm, while TEM confirmed the predominantly spherical morphology and polydispersity of the AgNPs within a size range of 10.5-32.9 nm. XRD confirmed a face-centered cubic (FCC) crystalline structure with an average size of 15.57 nm, and EDS indicated the presence of silver, chlorine, oxygen, and nitrogen in the nanoparticle composition. TGA demonstrated the thermal stability of the nanoparticles up to 220°C. Bioassay experiments showed that AgNPs and cisplatin individually interacted with ct-DNA to form stable complexes; the combined AgNP-cisplatin system induced significant conformational changes in the DNA structure, indicating a synergistic effect. Similarly, BSA binding studies revealed stable complex formation with both AgNPs and the AgNP-cisplatin combination, causing pronounced conformational changes in the protein. For HSA, the combination exhibited enhanced binding efficiency compared to individual agents, suggesting improved transport and bioavailability potential. Moreover, molecular docking studies demonstrated that the combined AgNP-cisplatin system exhibited the lowest E_total of -254 kcal/mol, compared to -223.35 kcal/mol for AgNPs and -112.30 kcal/mol for cisplatin alone. This indicates that the combined system interacts more strongly with ct-DNA, likely within the minor groove, displaying enhanced binding affinity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the Sensory Landscape: FESEM Analysis of Antennal and Palpal Sensilla in Vegetable Leafminer.","authors":"Aisvarya Srinivasan, Elaiyabharathi Thiyagarajan, Murugan Marimuthu, Shanthi Mookiah, Srinivasan Ramasamy, Manikanda Boopathi Narayanan, Vellaikumar Sampathrajan","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liriomyza sativae Blanchard is an invasive leafminer species affecting major vegetable crops in Tamil Nadu. These insects locate their hosts by detecting volatiles emitted from host plants and their surroundings, using olfactory receptors on their antennae and maxillary palps. This study represents the first attempt to examine the various types of sensilla on the antennae and palps of adult male and female L. sativae using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The analysis revealed five types of sensilla: microtrichia, chaetic, trichoid, basiconic, and coeloconic. Microtrichia and chaetic sensilla, found on the scape, pedicel, and palp, are involved in nonolfactory functions such as mechanoreception. The flagellum, the main olfactory organ, contains trichoid, basiconic, coeloconic sensilla, and microtrichia. Basiconic and chaetic sensilla are categorized into subtypes based on their morphology. This study lays the groundwork for future electroantennographic research into the interactions between these sensilla receptors and environmental chemical compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOAT: MobileNet-Optimized Attention Transfer for Robust and Scalable Dermatology Image Classification.","authors":"Pradeep Radhakrishnan, Praveen Kumar Sukumar","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent times, dermatological disease is a common health issue around the world. Timely and accurate dermatological disease detection is mandatory for proper treatment planning and improving patient outcomes. Prior to this, various detection and classification methodologies were developed for the early prediction of skin disease using dermatology images. However, they have struggled with poor detection accuracy and require high computational time. This research proposes a novel MobileNet-Optimized Attention Transfer framework for the accurate classification of skin disease. In this study, the MobileNet model is deployed for feature extraction, which integrates the self-attention and cross-attention mechanisms. The attention mechanisms prioritize essential features within the images and allow the model to identify the subtle patterns associated with various skin conditions. For hyperparameter tuning, an Optical Microscope Algorithm with an initial search strategy is applied. The algorithm iteratively fine-tunes the parameters to balance global and local search and prevent the model from converging on suboptimal configurations. The performance of the proposed method is validated using the Skin Cancer ISIC dataset and the Skin Cancer MNIST: HAM10000 dataset and compared to existing skin disease classification methodologies in terms of some common assessing metrics. The experimental results demonstrate that the MobileNet-Optimized Attention Transfer framework effectively classified the dermatological disease and achieves a high accuracy of 98.89%, a lower mean squared error of 0.186, and a low computational time of 1.53 s compared to existing methodologies. This result indicates that the proposed framework is a scalable, adaptable solution for clinical applications, aiding dermatologists with reliable diagnostic support and enabling early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Derived From Coriandrum sativum: A Novel Nanomedicine Strategy Against Coccidiosis.","authors":"Shaimaa M Kasem, Heba Ismaeil, Saeed El-Ashram, Rewaida Abdel-Gaber, Mohamed A Dkhil, Nabila M Mira","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanomedicine has emerged as a promising solution for treating various diseases. This study inspected the in vivo anticoccidial efficacy of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (Bio-ZnNPs) from Coriandrum sativum leaves in mice infected with Eimeria papillata. Bio-ZnNPs were described using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Five groups of mice were applied: a control group (uninfected), a Bio-ZnNPs group (uninfected, receiving 50 mg/kg of Bio-ZnNPs), an infection group (untreated, infected with 10³ sporulated oocysts), an INF + Bio-ZnNPs group (infected, treated with Bio-ZnNPs, 50 mg/kg), and an INF + AC group (infected, treated with amprolium, 120 mg/kg). The treatments lasted for 5 days. Bio-ZnNPs were spherical, averaging 35.79 ± 7.47 nm in diameter, with a peak absorption at 300.06 nm and four diffraction peaks in the XRD spectrum. An increased excretion of oocysts was found in the INF mice group. Notable jejunal histopathological anomalies were marked by an elevation in total endogenous parasitic oocysts. There was also an increase in immunohistochemical (IHC) staining intensity of caspase-3 and enhanced antioxidant and apoptotic activity. Treatment with Bio-ZnNPs reduced oocyst excretion, improved jejunal mucosal status, and significantly decreased total parasitic stages. Post-treatment, caspase-3 levels and its IHC expression decreased, and jejunal GPX levels declined. Apoptotic gene expression showed a significant downregulation of caspase-3 and BAX, with BCL2 upregulation. Overall, Bio-ZnNPs effectively suppressed E. papillata proliferation in infected mice, suggesting their potential utility in the treatment of eimeriosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacognostical Traits and GC-MS-Based Chemical Profiling of Ajuga parviflora Benth as Quality Control Perspectives.","authors":"Vandana Kumari, Dinesh Kumar, Manish Kumar, Dinesh Kumar","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the realm of traditional medicine, Ajuga parviflora (Neelkanthi), a member of the Labiatae family, has long been valued for its therapeutic properties. This research is aimed to explore the pharmacognostic traits of A. parviflora (aerial and underground parts), which include organoleptic and microscopic examinations, elemental analysis, preliminary phytochemical screening, and physicochemical properties evaluations. Organoleptic and microscopic assessments revealed characteristic features and intricate arrangements of cellular structures within A. parviflora leaves and roots. In the elemental analysis, toxic heavy metals (Cd, & Pd) were found absent, while micro (Mn, Na, Zn, Cu) and macro (Ca, Fe, Mg, K) elements were found significant. The preliminary phytochemical screening also revealed the presence of different classes of compounds. Further, physicochemical analysis of aerial and underground parts showed foreign matter (9.96-12.38%), moisture content (28.15-30.43%), total ash values (15.1-17.09%), and pH of different parts extracts were found in the range of 6.82-8.30. Additionally, essential oils (EOs) were extracted from the aerial and underground parts of A. parviflora using a Clevenger apparatus. The volatile composition of the oil was profiled using GC-MS analysis and identified 21 diversified metabolites that account for 86.27-93.4% of the total oils of different samples. Patchouli alcohol (72.77%), seychellene (6.23%), phytone (56.62-1.13%), and β-guaiene (2.49%) emerged as a major volatile components of A. parviflora. Overall findings suggested quality measures for the standardization, identification, and quality control of A. parviflora.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Haloxyfop-R-Methyl on Allium cepa: Cyto-Genotoxic and In Silico Docking Studies on the Mechanism of Action.","authors":"Recep Liman, Emine Kılıç, Erman Salih İstifli, Yudum Yeltekin Uğur, İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24824","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haloxyfop-R-methyl (HRM) is extensively employed to control annual and perennial grass weeds. This study aimed to investigate the cyto-genotoxic effects of HRM at concentrations of 1.19, 2.38, and 4.76 mg/L over various time intervals (24, 48, 72, and 96 h) on Allium cepa root. Parameters including root growth, mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CAs), and DNA damage were assessed using root growth inhibition, A. cepa ana-telophase, and alkaline comet assays. Moreover, to gain molecular insights into the cyto-genotoxic effects of HRM as well as the active agent haloxyfop-R (HR), molecular docking was performed against two intracellular target receptors: the carboxyltransferase (CT) domain of yeast acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and a double-stranded DNA dodecamer. The root growth inhibition test revealed a statistically significant reduction in onion root length, from 3.64 ± 0.18 cm at lower concentrations to 0.05 ± 0.02 cm at higher concentrations of HRM. A significant decrease in the MI was observed at all treatment periods, except at 1.19 mg/L after 72 h, along with an increase in CAs during the 24 and 48 h applications, except at 4.76 mg/L after 48 h, in A. cepa root cells treated with HRM, compared to the negative control group. DNA damage increased with HRM exposure and was found to be both concentration-and time-dependent. Docking studies revealed strong binding interactions of HRM and HR with the CT domain of the ACC enzyme, which is a central player in fatty acid biosynthesis, and showed that both HRM and HR bound specifically to DNA minor groove regions rich in GC bases. The current study confirmed the cyto-genotoxic effects of HRM. Its use should be carefully regulated, as it may present ecological risks by negatively impacting the genomes of non-target organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}