Microscopy Research and Technique最新文献

{"title":"Angiotensin 1-7 Attenuates the Development of Ischemia-Reperfusion-Induced Arrhythmia in Rats: Electrophysiology, Molecular, and Immunohistochemical Study.","authors":"Amy F Boushra, Ghada Farouk Soliman, Walaa Ibrahim, Laila Ahmed Rashed, Eman Ali Abd El-Meguid, Yara S Abouelela, Noha A E Yasin, Enas Gomaa, Esraa Ali, Nermeen Bastawy","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arrhythmia is a common and serious global health problem, contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The cardiac muscle is susceptible to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, which can lead to fatal arrhythmias during open-heart surgery. We investigated the potential prophylactic effect of angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) using an in vivo rat model of I/R injury and examined the underlying mechanisms. Rats were treated with Ang 1-7 (1 mg/kg, IP) 30 min before the surgical procedures. Twenty-four rats were equally divided into four groups: sham control, sham-treated with Ang 1-7, I/R injury group, and I/R injury group treated with Ang 1-7. In vivo I/R injury was induced by clamping the left coronary artery for 30 min, followed by 1 hour of reperfusion. The I/R group showed abnormal electrophysiological changes and arrhythmic episodes during electrocardiography (ECG) recording, increased oxidative stress, downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and upregulation of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) expression in cardiac tissue, which increased cardiac NF-kB expression and IL-17 levels. Moreover, I/R injury caused significant histological disruption and increased cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) immunoreactions, correlating with the extent of cardiac damage. However, preoperative Ang 1-7 administration significantly improved the electrophysiological, biochemical, and histopathological changes induced by I/R injury. This study demonstrated that Ang 1-7 exerted protective anti-arrhythmic, anti-inflammatory, and pro-healing effects by upregulating PPAR-γ and downregulating CXCL16, IL-17, and NF-kB pathways, suggesting it is a promising cardioprotective agent for preventing arrhythmias induced by I/R injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Abnormalities Classification of Red Blood Cells Using Fusion Method on Imbalance Datasets.","authors":"Prasenjit Dhar, K Suganya Devi, Ramanuj Bhattacharjee, P Srinivasan","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24786","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Red blood cells (RBCs) or Erythrocytes are essential components of the human body and they transport oxygen &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;mrow&gt; &lt;mfenced&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/mfenced&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ left({O}_2right) $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; from the lungs to the body's tissues, regulate &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;pH&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ pH $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; balance, and support the immune system. Abnormalities in RBC shapes (Poikilocytosis) and sizes (Anisocytosis) can impede oxygen-carrying capacity, leading to conditions such as anemia, thalassemia, McLeod Syndrome, liver disease, and so on. Hematologists typically spend considerable time manually examining RBC's shapes and sizes using a microscope and it is time-consuming. The proposed LSTM based neural network (NN) deep-learning strategy helps to classify abnormal RBCs automatically and accurately and overcome blood-related disorders at an early stage. After data processing, traditional and high-level features are fused to clearly distinguish between abnormal RBC classes. Class imbalance favors the dominant class, resulting in biased forecasts. To address class imbalance, a custom loss function is generated by integrating class weights and loss functions before feeding fused features to the NN classifier. Specifically, the loss function is designed to assign higher penalties to the misclassification of underrepresented classes, ensuring that the model is more sensitive to these classes during training. This is achieved by integrating class weights directly into the cross-entropy loss calculation, thereby balancing the influence of each class on the model's learning process. The proposed approach's performance is evaluated using the publicly accessible Chula-PIC-Lab dataset and privately gathered dataset from the Cachar Cancer Hospital and Research Centre (CCHRC) in Assam, India. The proposed approach achieves an average of &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;97.83&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;%&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ 97.83% $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;98.62&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;%&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ 98.62% $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {F}_1 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; -score and accuracy on the Chula-PIC-Lab dataset and an average of &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;99.56&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;%&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ 99.56% $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;99.65&lt;/mn&gt; &lt;mo&gt;%&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ 99.65% $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt; &lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt; &lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt; &lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {F}_1 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; -score and accuracy on the CCHRC dataset for &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;12&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ 12 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt; &lt;semantics&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt; &lt;annotation&gt;$$ 6 $$&lt;/annotation&gt;&lt;/semantics&gt; &lt;/math&gt; classes a","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MINFLUX Nanoscopy: A \"Brilliant\" Technique Promising Major Breakthrough.","authors":"Marco Salerno, Virginia Bazzurro, Elena Angeli, Paolo Bianchini, Mohammadmehdi Roushenas, Kimiya Pakravanan, Alberto Diaspro","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MINFLUX nanoscopy relies on the localization of single fluorophores with expected ~ 2 nm precision in 3D mapping, roughly one order of magnitude better than standard stimulated emission depletion microscopy or stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy. This \"brilliant\" technique takes advantage of specialized localization principles and algorithms that require only dim fluorescence signals with a minimum flux of photons; hence the name follows. With this level of performance, MINFLUX imaging and tracking should allow for the routine study of biological processes down to the molecular scale, revealing previously unresolved details in cell structures, such as the organization of calcium channels in muscle cells or the clustering of receptors in synapses. Whereas the high localization precision is definitely a strength of the MINFLUX technique, limitations and challenges also exist, especially in the labeling procedures aiming at appropriate density and on/off switching kinetics. This primer presents some significant results achieved with MINFLUX so far and highlights specific operational procedures crucial for this technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyto-Genotoxic Assessment of Sulfoxaflor in Allium cepa Root Cells and DNA Docking Studies.","authors":"Recep Liman, Muhammad Muddassir Ali, Erman Salih İstifli, İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci, Ümran Tınaz, Sidal Kırlangıç, Nejla Altay, Yudum Yeltekin Uğur","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sulfoxaflor (SFX) is an insecticide that is commonly used for the control of sap-feeding insects. Since SFX is extensively applied globally, it has been implicated in the substantial induction of environmental toxicity. Therefore, in this study, Allium cepa roots have been employed to elucidate the potential cytogenotoxic effects of SFX in non-target cells by examination of mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CAs), and DNA damage. Physiological effects of SFX were evaluated by A. cepa root growth inhibition assay, while cytogenotoxic effects were assessed by A. cepa ana-telophase and comet assay. Moreover, DNA binding affinity and binding mode of SFX were examined using molecular docking simulations to shed light on the genotoxic mechanism of action. The half maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) on the growth of A. cepa cells calculated for SFX was found as 500 mg/L. Moreover, dose- and time-dependent decrease in MI, increase in CAs (disturbed ana-telophase, chromosomal laggards, stickiness, and anaphase chromosome bridge) and DNA damage were observed by the exposure of A. cepa root tips to SFX after 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-h treatment periods. A 6-bp double-stranded DNA structure containing two intercalation sites (PDB ID: 1Z3F) was used for docking studies. According to DNA docking results, SFX exhibited an energetically more favorable binding affinity with DNA (ΔG = -5.05 kcal/mol) compared with the experimental mutagen methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) (ΔG = -2.94 kcal/mol), and preferentially snugly fits into the minor groove of DNA possessing an intercalation gap, thus, providing valuable mechanistic data into the formation of chromosome aberrations and DNA fragmentation induced by this pesticide in A. cepa.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VGX: VGG19-Based Gradient Explainer Interpretable Architecture for Brain Tumor Detection in Microscopy Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MMRI).","authors":"Deep Kothadiya, Amjad Rehman, Bayan AlGhofaily, Chintan Bhatt, Noor Ayesha, Tanzila Saba","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of deep learning algorithms has transformed medical image analysis, especially in brain tumor recognition. This research introduces a robust automatic microbrain tumor identification method utilizing the VGG16 deep learning model. Microscopy magnetic resonance imaging (MMRI) scans extract detailed features, providing multi-modal insights. VGG16, known for its depth and high performance, is utilized for this purpose. The study demonstrates the model's potential for precise and effective diagnosis by examining how well it can differentiate between areas of normal brain tissue and cancerous regions, leveraging both MRI and microscopy data. We describe in full the pre-processing actions taken to improve the quality of input data and maximize model efficiency. A carefully selected dataset, incorporating diverse tumor sizes and types from both microscopy and MRI sources, is used during the training phase to ensure representativeness. The proposed modified VGG19 model achieved 98.81% validation accuracy. Despite good accuracy, interpretation of the result still questionable. The proposed methodology integrates explainable AI (XAI) for brain tumor detection to interpret system decisions. The proposed study uses a gradient explainer to interpret classification results. Comparative statistical analysis highlights the effectiveness of the proposed explainer model over other XAI techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensating the Meniscus Effect in Phase Contrast Microscopy Using an LCD for Adaptive Condenser Annulus Shifting.","authors":"Florian Nienhaus, Finn Burkhardt, Niels König, Robert H Schmitt","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The meniscus effect in cell culture vessels limits the observable areas with phase contrast microscopy. For meniscus effect compensation in microtiter plates (MTPs), we present a method using an LCD to replace the fixed condenser annulus, which enables adaptive annulus shifting based on image analysis. This approach led to an increase in phase contrast area by a factor of 8.3. Utilizing a standard phase contrast microscope, we substituted the static condenser annulus with a transparent LCD that displays an adaptive annulus, which can be repositioned to counteract meniscus-induced refraction across an entire MTP-24 well. We developed image analysis using Bertrand lens images to determine the misalignment between annulus center and phase ring, enabling the calculation of the required annulus shift. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of this image analysis technique. The detected shift was translated into new LCD settings through a linear regression model to ensure proper alignment for the following image. We proved that an algorithm based on background brightness yields a reliable metric for assessing phase contrast conditions within well-plates. The proposed approach substantially increased the phase contrast area in 24-well MTPs at 10× magnification from 5.0% with conventional microscopy to 41.9%, thereby restoring phase contrast conditions throughout the well, except near the edges.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometrics and First Ultrastructural Characterizations of Intra-Erythrocytic Stages of So-Called Haemogregarina damiettae Ramadan et al. (1996) With Special Reference to Its Cytopathological Effects on the Infected Erythrocytes.","authors":"Reda M Mansour","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current study provides the first ultrastructural observations on the intraerythrocytic stages of so-called Haemogregarina damiettae and their cytopathological effects on the infected erythrocytes (IEs) in addition to the recording of new morphometric data. The intraerythrocytic stages are attributed to the immature forms or trophozoites (Ts), and mature gamonts (Gs). Ts are typically bowling-bottle shaped with nucleus (TN) occupying its globose part, while Gs are typically banana- shaped. Ts measure 9.60-13.77 (12.53 ± 0.95) × 3.29-5.72 (4.18 ± 0.52) μm, however, Gs measure 14.05-16.13 (15.15 ± 0.60) × 3.38-4.74 (4.06 ± 0.32). Parasite shape index, nuclear/body, and nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio are calculated for both Ts and Gs. Moreover, shape index, nuclear/erythrocytic ratio, nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio are determined for both uninfected erythrocytes (UIEs) and IEs. At ultrastructural level, the parasite exhibited numerous unique features such as the presence of unsutured covering capsule (Ca), intracytoplasmic membraneous structures (ICM), and electron-dense connecting structures (CS) between the degradable cytoplasmic mass (DC) of IEs and parasite itself which are postulated to perform a feeding function. The cytopathological effects on IEs include erythrocytic shape distortion, hypertrophy, dehemoglobinization, as well as nucleus size and shape changes. Erythrocytic karyolysis is confirmed by light and electron microscopy. In addition, all IEs showed characteristics two lateral polar projections or flape-like extensions (FE) supported by microtubules-like structures. Moreover, parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) form in most cases a thick internal lining (IL) of homogenous electron-lucent materials at parasite-facing side and knob-like thickenings (K) of electron-dense materials on erythrocytic cytoplasm-facing side.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Analysis of Phellinus Linteus-Induced Apoptosis of Hepatoma Cells.","authors":"Yuxi Huang, Fan Yang, Chuanzhi Liu, Jianfei Wang, Ying Wang, Guicai Song, Zuobin Wang","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Liver cancer is prevalent with the third highest mortality rate globally. The biomechanical properties of cancer cells play a crucial role in their proliferation and differentiation. Studying the morphological and mechanical properties of individual living cells can be helpful for early diagnosis of cancers. Herein, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to investigate the effects of Phellinus linteus on hepatocyte cells (HL-7702) and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (SMCC-7721) in terms of morphological and mechanical changes at the nanoscale. The water extract of Phellinus linteus (PLWE) resulted in increased height and surface roughness of SMCC-7721 cells. Also, the PLWE-treated showed that the average adhesion decreased by 1.69 nN and the average Young's modulus increased by 0.379 kPa. Additionally, the SMCC-7721 cells treated with PLWE showed clearly reduced activity compared with HL-7702 cells. This study suggested that Phellinus Linteus could be a potential candidate for selective anti-cancer therapy, providing a new avenue for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen Morphology of Gentiana L. (Gentianaceae) in Türkiye.","authors":"Erkan Şeker, Mehmet Çiçek","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the pollen morphology of 13 taxa of Turkish Gentiana using a statistical approach, contributing to their taxonomy. The aim is to elucidate the palynological characteristics of the taxa and to reveal their contributions to the systematic understanding of the genus Gentiana. The pollen grains are monad, radially symmetrical, isopolar, and tricolporate. The shapes of pollen grains are mostly oblate-spheroidal, occasionally subprolate, and rarely spheroidal. The polar axis ranges from 27.92 to 35.80 μm, the equatorial axis 25.33 to 35.42 μm. The ornamentation type is mostly observed as striate-perforate; however, striate-reticulate, striate, rugulate, reticulate, and rugulate-perforate types have also been observed. The result of numerical analyzes showed that Turkish Gentiana were divided into three groups. The results of PCA analysis, correlated with 84.2% ratio, showed that pollen characters grouped into three principal component. According to PCA analysis, the pollen characters to be used for cluster analysis were determined. Equatorial axis, Clt, Plg, pore diameter, mesocolpium, and apocolpium of the measured pollens are in the first principal component (explains 53.4%). Polar axis, Clg, p/e of the pollen characters are in the second principal component (explains 20.4%). Exine, intine, and Clg/Clt are in the third principal component (explains 10.4%). In conclusion, ornamentation type, polar axis, Clg, Clt, pore diameter, intine, exine, and mesocolpium have been identified as significant and distinguishing characters in taxonomy. Our results support the close relationship among some taxa (i.e., G. gelida and G. boissieri, G. verna subspecies, G. pyrenaica, and G. aquatica).</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen and Stigma Morphology, Pollen Viability and Stigma Receptivity of Wittmackia Species (Bromeliaceae) by Light, Fluorescence and Scanning Electron Microscopy.","authors":"Gleice Quelle Silva Dos Santos Nascimento, Tiago Abreu da Silva, Pedro Schwambach de Almeida, Mônica Lanzoni Rossi, Fernanda Vidigal Duarte Souza, Lidyanne Yuriko Saleme Aona, Maria Angélica Pereira de Carvalho Costa, Everton Hilo de Souza","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus Wittmackia has 44 species distributed in two centers of diversity: the Brazilian clade and the Caribbean clade. The Brazilian clade includes 29 species, with geographic distribution concentrated in the Northeast of Brazil. This study reports the morphology, ultrastructure, pollen viability and stigma receptivity by different microscopy techniques of 23 species of the genus Wittmackia endemic to Brazil and occurring in Atlantic Forest areas. Pollen morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy by the weak lactic acetolysis method. Histochemical tests were performed with Alexander's solution and fluorescein diacetate. For in vitro germination of pollen grains, two culture media were evaluated. Stigma receptivity was evaluated with hydrogen peroxide and α-naphthyl acetate. The Wittmackia genus presented biporate pollen grains, monads to tetrads, with oblate, suboblate or oblate-spheroidal shape, circular or elliptical scope, and heteropolar or sub-isopolar morphology. The stigmas are of the conduplicate-spiral type, with differences in color and size. In both histochemical tests, high viability was observed, mainly at anthesis, coinciding with in vitro germination. The species presented high enzymatic activity during receptivity, with a very strong positive response, mainly at anthesis. Studies of pollen morphology and viability provide important information for the conservation and genetic improvement of Wittmackia species, also assisting in the taxonomy of the genus and the reproductive success of future controlled crosses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142965952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}