MicrobiologyOpen最新文献

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome Dysbiosis in Cancer Development: Mechanisms and Biomarker Potential","authors":"Negar Asgari,&nbsp;Mehrasa Asghari,&nbsp;Touraj Farazmandfar","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70404","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70404","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing evidence indicates that alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiota are associated with the initiation and progression of gastrointestinal cancers. Abundant evidence suggests that gastrointestinal microbiota dysbiosis plays an important role in the development of gastrointestinal cancers by producing proinflammatory and immunosuppressive signals. This review examines the role of microbiome dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal malignancies. The composition of the microbiota varies greatly among individuals and depends on various factors such as age, diet, lifestyle, genetics, medications, and environmental factors. Given this diversity, a comprehensive characterization of the gastrointestinal microbiota is crucial to elucidate its role in carcinogenesis. Therefore, investigating the microbial composition of the host gastrointestinal tract can provide important information about the status of gastrointestinal cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasopharyngeal Carriage Rate, Risk Factors, and Co-Resistance Patterns of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Simachew Getaneh Endalamew,&nbsp;Sofiya Ayalew Kebede,&nbsp;Solomon Keflie Assefa,&nbsp;Adem Tsegaw Zegeye,&nbsp;Belayneh Jejaw Abate,&nbsp;Dejen kahsay Asgedom,&nbsp;Eliyas Addisu Taye,&nbsp;Endalew Minwuye Andargie,&nbsp;Eyob Akalewold Alemu,&nbsp;Halima Ayalew Kebede,&nbsp;Alebachew Tilahun Wassie,&nbsp;Andnet Yirga Assefa,&nbsp;Yihenew Getahun Ambaw,&nbsp;Helen Brhan Alemaw","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70409","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70409","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) nasopharyngeal carriage is a major global health concern linked to severe infections and transmission. However, comprehensive evidence on the burden of MRSA carriage, antimicrobial resistance, and associated risk factors in Ethiopia remains limited. This study aimed to estimate pooled prevalence, resistance pattern, and determinants of nasopharyngeal MRSA carriage. PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and gray literature were searched for cross-sectional studies published between January 2015 and December 2025. Two groups of reviewers screened studies based on predefined criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute tool. Pooled prevalence and resistance proportions were estimated using a random-effects model, and pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using the Mantel–Haenszel method. Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted. A total of 1040 records were identified, and 20 studies (6869 participants) were included. The pooled carriage prevalence was 7.3% (95% CI, 5.0–10.8), with substantial heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 95.5%). Resistance was highest to tetracycline (55.75%) and lowest to clindamycin (12.66%). Increased odds of carriage were associated with prior hospitalization (OR, 3.49) and antibiotic use (OR, 2.35). Inconsistent variable coding across included studies limited the inclusion of other potential risk factors. Evidence of publication bias was detected, suggesting that the pooled prevalence should be interpreted with appropriate caution. The findings indicate a considerable burden of MRSA and highlight the need for strengthened antimicrobial stewardship, improved surveillance, and targeted prevention efforts in higher-risk populations. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251047192).</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70409","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic Insights Into Microbial Diversity of Tea Rhizosphere of the Kangra Valley","authors":"Rishu Thakur,&nbsp;Hena Dhar,&nbsp;Shashi Kiran,&nbsp;Arvind Gulati","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70416","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70416","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study provides the first metagenomic assessment of microbial diversity from the tea rhizosphere of the Kangra valley. Tea rhizosphere soil samples were collected from 4 locations (Dharamshala, Baijnath, Palampur, and Joginder Nagar) of the Kangra valley. DNA extracts of rhizosphere samples were analysed for bacterial and Archaeal diversity using amplicon sequencing (V3-V4) region of the 16S rRNA gene and Fungal diversity using ITS1 and ITS2 regions. Baijnath and Palampur samples showed the highest bacterial richness, while Dharamshala and Palampur had the highest fungal richness. Proteobacteria was a dominant phylum in all the rhizosphere samples, followed by Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. A total of 11 fungal phyla were identified among all the locations, with abundance of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. For the Archaea domain, uncultured archaeon and <i>Aeropyrum camini</i> were the most common found among all the locations. A small fraction (&lt; 0.5%) of <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> species were observed among all the locations. Alpha and beta diversity indices displayed notable differences within and between microbial diversities. Soil factors were variably associated with microbial diversity, with nitrogen positively aligned with fungal diversity, while EC and K were associated with Archaeal diversity. Soil pH and OM% showed moderate associations with bacterial diversity. These findings provided valuable and comprehensive insights into tea rhizosphere microbial ecology and could be used to better understand microbial functions and their role in plant health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Viral Lysis in Microalgae Using Cell-Free rRNA","authors":"Saki Kikuya,&nbsp;Yuji Tomaru,&nbsp;Keizo Nagasaki,&nbsp;Daichi Morimoto,&nbsp;Yuki Yamagishi,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Ogata,&nbsp;Hisashi Endo","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70402","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70402","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Viral lysis is a major driver of phytoplankton mortality and a key source of dissolved organic matter in the ocean, yet quantitative and taxon-resolved measurements of this process remain limited for eukaryotic plankton. Here, we demonstrate that cell-free ribosomal RNA (rRNA) dissolved in the extracellular medium serves as a quantitative proxy for viral lysis in microeukaryotes by combining laboratory infection experiments with a rate-based modeling framework. We investigated two host–virus systems: the diatom <i>Chaetoceros tenuissimus</i> infected by a single-stranded RNA virus (CtenRNAV) and the raphidophyte <i>Heterosigma akashiwo</i> infected by a large double-stranded DNA virus (HaV). By explicitly accounting for cell-free rRNA degradation, we quantified a proxy for cell lysis rate from cell-free 18S rRNA dynamics and observed up to 46- and 302-fold increases in cell-normalized lysis rates under viral infection. In <i>C. tenuissimus</i>, peak lysis preceded the decline in cell abundance, demonstrating that substantial viral lysis occurs while populations are still proliferating. In contrast, <i>H. akashiwo</i> exhibited elevated lysis in both early and late infection phases, implying that a fraction of host cells undergoes rapid, nonproductive mortality prior to viral replication, in addition to canonical lytic events. Our study provides the first experimental validation of cell-free rRNA as a quantitative marker of lytic mortality in microeukaryotes, offering a scalable approach for estimating taxon-specific mortality in natural plankton communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70402","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148919500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoemulsification Promotes Antibacterial Activity of Selected Essential Oils Against Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms In Vitro","authors":"Sumeena Karki,&nbsp;Mahnaz Ramezanpour,&nbsp;Clare M. Cooksley,&nbsp;Emma Barry,&nbsp;Clive A. Prestidge,&nbsp;Roshan Nepal,&nbsp;Sholeh Feizi,&nbsp;Dianne Correll,&nbsp;Peter-John Wormald,&nbsp;Sarah Vreugde,&nbsp;Muhammed Awad","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70407","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70407","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Essential oils (EOs) are unique materials with healing powers that have been extensively reported. Yet their full antimicrobial potential is still underexplored due to their complex molecular properties, high viscosity, and low solubility, which limit their wide pharmaceutical application. In this study, we report the formulation of water-soluble nanoemulsions (NEs) of three EOs, namely, <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i>, <i>Rhododendron anthopogon</i>, and <i>Eremophila mitchellii</i>. The prepared NEs had an average particle diameter between 190 and 230 nm and remained physically stable at 4°C for up to 6 months. Most importantly, the fabricated NEs enhanced the antibacterial activity of the EOs against a multidrug-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> clinical isolate by eightfold, with the EO having a median minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 64 mg/mL, whilst the NEs had a median value of 8 mg/mL. Moreover, the NEs reduced the biofilm viability by up to &gt; 6 log₁₀ compared with the control groups. Among the tested EOs, <i>E. mitchelli</i> showed the strongest antibacterial activity, with MIC values of 16 and &lt; 0.125 mg/mL for the EO and NE, respectively. In addition, <i>E. mitchellii</i> NE nearly eradicated <i>S. aureus</i> biofilms at 10 mg/mL across all strains. Safety studies against human foreskin fibroblasts indicated a harmless effect of the excipients used in the fabrication process, where the viability of cells exposed to the NEs of <i>E. mitchellii</i> and <i>A. vulgaris</i> was &gt; 70% and 90%, respectively. These findings highlight the successful fabrication of EO-based NEs with potent antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> clinical isolates in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70407","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148920295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjuvant Antibacterial Effects of Mouriri Elliptica Against Clinical Multidrug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains","authors":"Talita Vilalva Freire,&nbsp;Ana Carolina de Freitas Marques,&nbsp;Valéria dos Santos Gonçalves,&nbsp;Iluska Senna Bonfá Moslaves,&nbsp;Mônica Cristina Toffoli-Kadri,&nbsp;Arthur Feliciano Camargo da Silva,&nbsp;Martha Janete Giz,&nbsp;Patrícia de Oliveira Figueiredo,&nbsp;Ana Camila Micheletti,&nbsp;Nídia Cristiane Yoshida","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70392","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70392","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bacterial resistance to antibiotics represents a critical global health challenge, demanding urgent alternative strategies to manage infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens such as <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>, and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>. A promising approach to address this problem involves the use of combination therapies, in which plant-derived natural products represent an important reservoir of bioactive compounds with the potential to act as effective adjuvants, restoring or enhancing antibiotic efficacy. In this study, the ethanolic extract of <i>Mouriri elliptica</i> (EME) leaves was investigated for its antimicrobial and synergistic potential. EME showed moderate inhibitory activity against both standard and MDR strains, with the most significant effect against <i>A. baumannii</i> (MIC 78.1–312.5 µg/mL). Synergistic interactions were observed with conventional antibiotics, particularly ciprofloxacin against <i>K. pneumoniae</i>, reducing MIC values up to fifteen-fold, and with ampicillin against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i>. The extract also inhibited biofilm formation, with 68% inhibition for <i>E. coli</i> at 500 µg/mL and 72.04% for <i>S. aureus</i> at 250 µg/mL, with atomic force microscopy images corroborating these findings. LC-MS profiling identified 41 compounds, including chlorogenic acid derivatives, flavonoids, ellagic acid derivatives, and triterpenes. Acute toxicity evaluation in mice at 2000 mg/kg revealed no adverse effects. Collectively, these findings support the potential of <i>M. elliptica</i> as a natural antibacterial adjuvant for enhancing the effectiveness of selected antibiotics against MDR pathogens, warranting further chemical, mechanistic, and in vivo investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70392","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148920338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm-Forming Capacity of Oral Biofilm Bacteria in Patients With Periodontitis and Healthy Individuals","authors":"Nils Werner,&nbsp;Marie Schöffel,&nbsp;Annette Wittmer,&nbsp;Klaus Pelz,&nbsp;Kirstin Vach,&nbsp;Cornelia Frese,&nbsp;Christiane von Ohle,&nbsp;Diana Wolff,&nbsp;Fabian Cieplik,&nbsp;Ali Al-Ahmad","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70400","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70400","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>This study aimed to analyse antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacterial isolates from subgingival biofilms of patients with periodontitis and supragingival biofilms of orally healthy individuals, and to explore the association between biofilm-forming capacity and AMR. Three hundred and forty-seven bacterial isolates from 44 patients were analysed. Bacterial isolates were obtained from subgingival/supragingival biofilm and identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated by the Kirby-Bauer test, the E-test, and a β-lactamase activity assay, and biofilm formation capacity was assessed using the gentian violet assay. The 44 participants (median age 28.0 [25.0; 55.0]) were stratified into untreated generalised stage III/IV periodontitis (<i>n</i> = 21) and orally healthy (<i>n</i> = 23) groups. Among 347 isolates, 74.4% formed biofilms. AMR was generally higher in isolates from orally healthy subjects (77.7% vs. 59.1% in periodontitis patients, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and females (73.2% vs. 60.6% in males, <i>p</i> = 0.026). Multivariate binary logistic mixed models linked biofilm formation to AMR (OR: 1.66 CI: [1.12, 2.49]; <i>p</i> = 0.045 for severe biofilm formers and OR: 1.93 CI: [1.31, 2.83]; <i>p</i> = 0.004 for moderate biofilm formers). Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance was thus commonly detected throughout the cohort and was at least as frequent in orally healthy participants as in patients with periodontitis. Because the orally healthy group was substantially younger, this contrast is confounded by age and smoking and cannot be interpreted as an independent effect of periodontal status. Furthermore, this study might indicate that biofilm-forming isolates may exhibit increased antibiotic resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic Disorder as a New Frontier in Antimicrobial Resistance and Bacterial Fitness","authors":"Jack O' Callaghan,&nbsp;Michael P. Ryan,&nbsp;Sarah Hudson,&nbsp;Damien Thompson","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70415","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70415","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are biological macromolecules lacking a well-defined structure under normal physiological conditions. These proteins can be essential for both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, yet bacterial IDPs are significantly understudied. In this review, we highlight the functional importance of intrinsic disorder across a range of microbial phenomena, including effector secretion, desiccation tolerance, and the bacterial stress response. Given the emergence of structural disorder in key mechanisms of bacterial fitness, we propose bacterial intrinsic disorder as a novel linkage to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We highlight areas of research where further study of bacterial IDPs could provide new insights into microbial evolution. Functional disorder introduces a new paradigm to the challenge of AMR, identifying novel targets for antimicrobial therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13554432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malassezia May Contribute to Basal Cell Carcinoma Development via Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Pathways","authors":"Xiaolei Zhu,&nbsp;Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Tinghong Ye,&nbsp;Heng Zhang,&nbsp;Jufang Tan,&nbsp;Yi Sun","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70401","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70401","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant skin tumor. Skin-resident lipophilic <i>Malassezia</i> yeasts are associated with various cutaneous disorders, while their correlative patterns and potential biological effects in BCC tissues remain insufficiently defined. We used RT-qPCR screening of archived FFPE BCC specimens and metagenomic sequencing of three paired fresh tumor and peritumoral tissues to characterize tissue-associated <i>Malassezia</i> colonization. <i>M. globosa</i> was the most abundant species in FFPE samples and was also detectable in fresh tissues. In vitro functional assays (CCK-8, EdU) in HaCaT keratinocytes and A-431 epidermoid carcinoma cells showed that 12 h stimulation with optimal concentrations of <i>M. globosa</i> (1.2 × 10⁷ CFU/mL) and <i>M. yamatoensis</i> (1.6 × 10⁷ CFU/mL) significantly promoted epithelial cell proliferation. Transcriptome sequencing and subsequent RT-qPCR validation further showed that both strains significantly upregulate pro-inflammatory genes (<i>IL-1β</i>, <i>IL-6</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>) and oxidative stress-related genes (<i>SOD1, SOD2)</i> in these cell lines. Collectively, our findings describe a correlative association between <i>Malassezia</i> colonization and BCC lesions and offer preliminary in vitro mechanistic clues.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plants Against Bacterial Pathogens Isolated From Livestock Wound Infections","authors":"Safia Arbab,&nbsp;Hanif Ullah,&nbsp;Mian Sayed Khan,&nbsp;Khalaf F. Alsharif,&nbsp;Fuad M. Alzahrani,&nbsp;Khalid J. Alzahrani,&nbsp;Zhongyi Zeng,&nbsp;Li Ka","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70414","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70414","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Livestock wound infections are a major challenge in veterinary medicine due to the increasing prevalence of bacterial pathogens and antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluated the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of livestock wound infections. A total of 250 livestock wound samples were processed using standard bacteriological methods, resulting in the identification of 216 bacterial isolates. The predominant bacterial pathogens included <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (19.2%), <i>Escherichia coli</i> (13.6%), <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i> (12.0%), <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> (9.2%), <i>Salmonella Typhimurium</i> (9.2%), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (8.0%), <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> (7.6%), and <i>Proteus mirabilis</i> (7.6%). Methanol, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of <i>Withania somnifera, Achyranthes aspera, Verbascum sinaiticum, Aloe vera</i>, and <i>Capparis zeylanica</i> were evaluated for antibacterial activity using the agar well diffusion method. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and phenolic compounds in most plant extracts. Among the tested plants, <i>Withania somnifera</i> exhibited strong antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, with inhibition zones ranging from 21 to 24 mm, while <i>Achyranthes aspera</i> demonstrated notable activity against <i>E. coli</i>, producing inhibition zones of 13–17 mm. Overall, Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the plant extracts than Gram-negative bacteria. These findings suggest that the investigated medicinal plants possess significant antibacterial potential and may serve as promising alternative therapeutic agents for the management of livestock wound infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}