MicrobiologyOpen最新文献

{"title":"First Report of blaCTX-M-15 in a Marine Thermotolerant Enterobacter Isolate From Bangladesh: Genomic Insights Into Halotolerance and Antimicrobial Resistance","authors":"Md. Arifur Rahman,&nbsp;Rafid Muntasir Ul Azam,&nbsp;Md. Sazib Hossain,&nbsp;Samina Momtaz,&nbsp;Anowara Begum,&nbsp;Munawar Sultana","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70425","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70425","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Marine ecosystems are becoming important reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, genomic data on ESBL (Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase)-producing <i>Enterobacter</i> species from marine environments are limited. The widespread <i>bla</i>_{CTX<i>-</i>M-15} gene, usually found in clinical and wastewater settings, has not been reported in marine <i>Enterobacter</i> from Bangladesh. A thermotolerant, lactose-fermenting isolate (LB01) from the Bay of Bengal seawater near Laboni Beach, Cox's Bazar, was isolated and identified as <i>Enterobacter kobei</i> based on &gt; 99.4% average nucleotide identity and phylogenetic clustering. Its 4.62 Mb genome (55.05% GC) encoded 4410 genes, including <i>bla</i>_{CTX<i>-</i>M-15}, <i>bla</i>_ACT<i>-</i>9, and <i>qnrS1</i>, with <i>bla</i>_{CTX<i>-</i>M-15} located next to an ISEc9-like insertion sequence, indicating a mobilizable resistance locus. The genome also contained efflux systems (<i>acrAB, mdtABC, oqxAB</i>), adhesion and iron uptake genes (<i>fim, flh, ent, fep, chu</i>), and comprehensive halotolerance modules (<i>proVWX, betT, nhaA, kdpABC, mscL/S</i>) consistent with its growth in up to 7% NaCl. This is the first genomic characterization of a marine <i>E. kobei</i> carrying <i>bla</i>_{CTX<i>-</i>M-15} resistant determinant in Bangladesh, showing convergence of resistance, virulence, and halotolerance traits that support persistence in saline, human-impacted environments. The findings broaden the ecological scope of clinically relevant ESBL genes and highlight the importance of coastal ecosystems as overlooked nodes in the global AMR network within a One Health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13624531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Detection of Multidrug-Resistant H58 ST1 Salmonella Typhi in a South African Urban Waterway Reveals Epidemiological Links With Clinical Isolates","authors":"Sanelisiwe Thinasonke Duze,&nbsp;Musa Marimani,&nbsp;Mrudula Patel","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70408","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70408","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Typhoid fever remains a major public health concern in South Africa. However, the role of urban waterways as environmental reservoirs and contributors to the spread of resistant <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi remains poorly understood. This study characterized four <i>S</i>. Typhi isolates recovered from the Jukskei River in Johannesburg, South Africa, using whole-genome sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted and sequenced on the Illumina NextSeq. 2000 platform, and assembled genomes were analyzed for sequence types (STs), AMR determinants, plasmids, virulence factors, and phylogenetic relatedness using 124 clinical <i>Salmonella</i> genomes for comparison. All isolates were confirmed as <i>S</i>. Typhi, comprising ST1 (<i>n</i> = <i>2</i>) and ST2 (<i>n</i> = <i>2</i>). The ST1 isolates belonged to the H58 lineage (genotype 4.3.1.1), with isolate BRSA001 further classified as a sublineage 4.3.1.1. EA1. The ST1 isolates were multidrug-resistant, carrying the IncQ1 plasmid and resistant genes, including <i>aph(6)-Id</i>, <i>aph(3″)-Ib</i>, <i>bla</i>_{<i>TEM-1B</i>}, <i>catA1</i>, <i>sul1</i>, <i>sul2</i>, and <i>dfrA7</i>. All isolates possessed mercury resistance genes (<i>merR</i>, <i>merT</i>, <i>merP</i>, <i>merC</i>), while ST1 isolates additionally harbored <i>qacEΔ1</i>. Ten <i>Salmonella</i> Pathogenicity Islands (SPI-1 to SPI-10) were identified in ST1 isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed notable genetic diversity among the river isolates. All river isolates clustered tightly (≤ 5 allele differences) with at least two clinical isolates, indicating shared epidemiological links and possible localized transmission. This study provides the first report of multidrug-resistant H58 <i>S</i>. Typhi carrying <i>qacEΔ1</i> in South African surface water and highlights the Jukskei River as a potential environmental source of resistant <i>S</i>. Typhi, reinforcing the need for strengthened One Health genomic surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Probiotic Properties and Antimicrobial Substances Produced by Five Lactic Acid Bacteria Against Foodborne and Spoilage Pathogens","authors":"Md. Moklesur Rahman,&nbsp;Awis Qurni Sazili,&nbsp;Siti Aqlima Ahmad,&nbsp;Khalilah Abdul Khalil,&nbsp;Mohammad Rashedi Ismail-Fitry,&nbsp;Md. Sazedul Karim Sarker","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens presents a major challenge to food safety, particularly in preservation approaches. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) gain probiotic recognition by effectively controlling MDR pathogens using antimicrobial substances (AMSs) and bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLISs). The study evaluated the probiotic properties and AMS production potential of five LAB strains: <i>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</i> NBRC 3070 (LP), <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> ATCC 4356 (LA), <i>Lacticaseibacillus casei</i> ATCC 393 (LC), <i>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</i> GG ATCC 53103 (LGG), and <i>Bifidobacterium animalis</i> subsp. <i>lactis</i> ATCC 27673 (BAL). AMS was extracted from neutralized and concentrated cell-free supernatant and tested for antimicrobial activities against common foodborne pathogens using minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). All LAB strains showed antagonistic activity, with LP demonstrating the most substantial antagonism. Four strains are resistant to multiple antibiotics but remain susceptible to azithromycin and tetracycline, while LP is resistant to all tested antibiotics. LP and LC demonstrated the highest probiotic potential based on cell surface hydrophobicity and aggregation abilities. Optimal AMS activity (85.36%–91.29%) occurred between 24 and 36 h at 37°C or 28–48 h at 30°C. LGG exhibited the highest AMS activity with the lowest MIC against <i>Salmonella enterica serovar</i> Typhimurium. Enzyme sensitivity confirmed the peptide nature of BLIS produced by BLIS from LP, LA, LC, and LGG. In conclusion, LAB strains demonstrated significant probiotic traits and the ability to produce AMS, especially BLIS, from four strains, with LP and LC showing the most potential. These findings support their application as natural biopreservation against MDR pathogens; however, further validation in the food system is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149039796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Step Production of Mannitol From Yacon Fructo-Oligosaccharides Using Fructophilic Lactic Acid Bacteria","authors":"Arun S. Rajkumar,&nbsp;John Leech,&nbsp;Olivia McAuliffe","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70387","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70387","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mannitol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol with several applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, with special interest as a low-calorie sweetener. While mannitol can be synthesized chemically, synthesis by bacterial fermentation is an attractive means of production due to its low cost, mild (near-ambient) conditions for synthesis and high yield. Bacterial production also allows the possibility of using low-cost, second-generation feedstocks to produce mannitol in a sustainable manner. In this work, we describe the feasibility of producing mannitol from yacon (<i>Smallanthus sonchifolius</i>) tuber using <i>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</i> and <i>Fructobacillus fructophilus</i> previously isolated from floral sources. The tuber contains over 50% fructooligosaccharides (FOS) which was found to be bioavailable for mannitol production without prior hydrolysis or saccharifying pretreatments. Initial screening of several fructose-tolerant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) led to the selection of the most robust mannitol-producing strains for optimizing culture conditions and scale-up. We ultimately demonstrated the successful production of up to 7 g/L mannitol using <i>L. mesenteroides</i> with 2% yacon root powder in 200 mL bioreactors, achieving a yield greater than 0.6 g mannitol/g FOS with no significant decrease in titers as the scale of culture is increased. Our study demonstrates that yacon powder is a suitable and cheap substrate for the sustainable and economical production of an important sugar alcohol by biotransformation. Finally, we discuss future approaches to increase the scale and purity of production.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13598372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149025347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Cervical Cancer-Associated Vaginal and Cervical Microbiota via 16S rRNA Sequencing","authors":"Guojiao Wang,&nbsp;Xiaotong Liu,&nbsp;Zimo Wang,&nbsp;Huadong Tian,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Yuexi Luo","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70412","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70412","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although the etiology of cervical cancer has been partially established, its pathogenesis remains a key research focus. Specific studies on the genital tract microbiota of cervical cancer patients in Southern China are still scarce. To address this research gap, the present study collected genital tract microbial samples from 16 cervical cancer patients and 16 healthy women. Analysis of cervical cancer-specific microbiota was conducted via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The study included 32 women (16 cervical cancer patients and 16 healthy controls) aged 45–65 at enrollment. Total genome DNA from samples was extracted using the hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) CTAB method. The vaginal and cervical microbiota composition was determined by sequencing barcoded 16S rDNA gene fragments (V3-V4), and a comparative bioinformatics analysis of the microbiome was performed. The study revealed a homogeneous microbial composition dominated by Lactobacillus in healthy women, whereas cervical cancer patients exhibited increased diversity with reduced Lactobacillus and enriched Prevotella. No significant differences were observed between sampling sites within each group. Functional predictions linked the cancer-associated microbiota to metabolic pathways and the AEROBACTIN-SYN-PWY pathway. In conclusion, our findings suggest that these specific key microbial taxa and their related metabolic pathways contribute to the pathogenesis of cervical cancer and may serve as promising targets for clinical treatment and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic Analysis of Three Independent Series of Sequential Cystic Fibrosis Strains in an International Pseudomonas aeruginosa Reference Panel Indicates Positive Selection in Late Infection Strains","authors":"Joanna Drabinska,&nbsp;Lucia O'Connor,&nbsp;Caoilin McClean,&nbsp;Siobhán McClean","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70417","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> is a highly diverse, adaptable Gram-negative bacterium that thrives in many environments and is a frequent cause of chronic opportunistic infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). <i>P. aeruginosa</i> adapts over time of colonization to facilitate chronic infection, including loss of virulence factors; however, proteomic analyses of the adaptation to chronic infection have been limited. We previously assembled and characterized an international panel of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> strains from diverse clinical and geographical sources, including three sets of sequential CF isolates, enabling identification of conserved adaptations linked to chronic CF lung colonization. We compared the proteomes of eight strains (three early and five late infection) to assess whether common proteomic changes emerged during colonization across the sequential isolates. We identified 11 proteins showing increased abundance in late isolates in all three series, many of which are associated with virulence, regulation of virulence, or response to hypoxia. These include CF inhibitory factor repressor (CifR); WspR; 2 two-component response regulators (PA2572 and PA3702), and transcriptional regulator (PA2551). Moreover, we identified three proteins (PA2572, PA3819, and PA5028) that showed increased abundance in all five late isolates. The probability of this being random is 5.06 × 10⁻⁵³ and therefore, strong evidence of positive selection. The increased abundance of PA2573 and PA3819 appears to improve the fitness of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in response to antibiotics and oxidative stress. All three proteins share a tyrosine phosphorylation motif, suggesting a common regulatory mechanism. Overall, despite substantial diversity across <i>P. aeruginosa</i>, common adaptations occur in the CF lung.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148983090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Post–NGP Mitsuokella jalaludinii as a Therapeutic Candidate for Gout","authors":"Mohammed Solayman Hossain,&nbsp;Sukyung Kim,&nbsp;Md Tareque Aziz,&nbsp;Izaz Ahmed,&nbsp;Md Sarower Hossen Shuvo,&nbsp;Hyewon Yang,&nbsp;Yunjeong Jang,&nbsp;Minseo Kim,&nbsp;Seohyeon Jang,&nbsp;Yusol Kim,&nbsp;Soeun Oh,&nbsp;Yunseo Nam,&nbsp;Hoonhee Seo,&nbsp;Ho-Yeon Song","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70410","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70410","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gout is a common inflammatory disease closely associated with hyperuricemia, and its global prevalence is increasing, highlighting the need for safer and more effective therapeutic strategies. Recently, microbiome-based therapeutics have emerged as promising alternatives, and the development of functionally validated NGP and their advanced forms, post–NGP strains, is gaining increasing attention. In this study, microbiome-derived bacterial strains were screened based on their in vitro uric acid (UA)-reducing capacity and hypoxanthine utilization. Among the tested strains, <i>Mitsuokella jalaludinii</i> exhibited the most pronounced uric acid reduction and growth enhancement in response to purine substrates compared to conventional lactic acid bacteria. This strain reduced uric acid levels by approximately 30% after 48 h (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and showed significantly increased growth in purine-enriched minimal medium (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). WGS further confirmed its strain-level novelty, leading to its designation as PMC73, and revealed the presence of genetic features associated with purine metabolism and UA regulation. In a MSU-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage model, PMC73 significantly reduced UA levels (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and modulated immune responses by increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines while decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. These effects were associated with suppression of the NLRP3–caspase-1, along with downregulation of URAT1 and XOD, indicating coordinated regulation of uric acid production, reabsorption, and inflammatory pathways. Based on safety evaluation, including <span>d</span>-lactate production, cytotoxicity assays and oral toxicity assessment in a mouse model, demonstrated that PMC73 exhibited no pathogenic or toxic properties. Therefore, PMC73 represents a promising microbiome-based candidate with relevance to gout-associated hyperuricemia, warranting further in vivo and clinical investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13576961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148970049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights Into the Antibiofilm Activity of Carbon Quantum Dots Against a Panel of Different Microorganisms: A Review","authors":"Hadeer M. Bedair,&nbsp;Mahmoud Hamed,&nbsp;Aly A. Shoun,&nbsp;Fotouh R. Mansour,&nbsp;Reem H. Obaydo,&nbsp;Tamer M. Samir","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70411","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70411","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biofilm-associated infections account for a majority of chronic bacterial diseases. These infections also present a therapeutic challenge due to their intrinsic tolerance to conventional antibiotics. Carbon dots (CDs) have emerged as a versatile nanoplatform with the potential to combat these resilient structures. This review critically evaluates the burgeoning field of CD-based antibiofilm agents. We move beyond a catalog of studies to analyze how the physicochemical properties of CDs dictate their mechanisms of action against a panel of microorganisms. The antibiofilm activity of CDs is multi-sided, stemming from their ability to (1) electrostatically interact with and disrupt the biofilm matrix and bacterial cell envelopes, (2) penetrate deep into biofilms due to their ultrasmall size, (3) generate ROS that degrade the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and kill embedded cells, and (4) downregulate key genes involved in quorum sensing and biofilm formation. An analysis of the literature reveals an efficacy bias towards Gram-positive bacteria, highlighting the barrier posed by the outer membrane of Gram-negative pathogens. We dissect how synthetic strategies and surface passivation techniques (e.g., with cationic polymers, lysozyme, or targeting ligands) are being deployed to overcome these challenges. While CDs represent a frontier in antibiofilm therapy, the field faces hurdles, including a lack of standardized testing protocols, limited in vivo validation, and unresolved questions about toxicity. This review identifies these critical gaps and proposes future research directions focused on the rational design of next-generation CDs with enhanced specificity, potency, and translational potential for treating recalcitrant biofilm infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13575333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148970020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Genomic Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Across Poultry–Human–Environmental Interfaces","authors":"Md. Rokibul Hasan Shanto,&nbsp;A. S. M. Ashab Uddin,&nbsp;Md. Shakil Mahmud Supto,&nbsp;Nabil Jahan Mahim,&nbsp;Md. Matiar Rahman Howlader,&nbsp;Syed Sayeem Uddin Ahmed,&nbsp;Md Bashir Uddin","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70406","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70406","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) <i>Escherichia coli</i> in poultry represents a critical One Health concern, particularly in developing countries. This study employed a comparative genomic approach to investigate the genomic characteristics, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles, virulence determinants, of poultry-derived MDR <i>E. coli</i> isolates from Bangladesh. Whole-genome sequencing of three representative MDR isolates, identified with 83 globally diverse poultry, human, and environmental <i>E. coli</i> genomes. Pangenome analysis identified the characteristic open pangenome of <i>E. coli</i>, with core genes comprising only 4.6% of the combined dataset. Resistome analysis shown diverse AMR determinants, including <i>blaCTX-M</i>, <i>blaTEM</i>, <i>sul</i>, <i>tet</i>, and <i>qnrS1</i>, associated with antibiotic inactivation and efflux mechanisms. Virulence profiling revealed diverse genes involved in adhesion (<i>fim</i>, <i>csg</i>), iron acquisition (<i>ent</i>, <i>fep</i>, <i>chu</i>), motility, and secretion systems, with core virulence genes exhibiting &gt; 90% sequence identity, whereas accessory virulence genes were more variable. Plasmid analysis demonstrated heterogeneous replicon types, predominantly IncF and Col plasmids, indicating their role in horizontal gene transfer. Jaccard similarity indices revealed moderate to high genetic overlap with global strains (~0.63 for virulence genes and ~0.55 for AMR profiles), suggesting shared evolutionary backgrounds. Phylogenomic and MLST identified all Bangladeshi isolates as ST457, clustering within a globally distributed clonal complex linked to ST10 and ST131 lineages. These findings suggest that the three Bangladeshi poultry-derived <i>E. coli</i> isolates are genetically related to globally circulating strains while harboring extensive resistance and virulence determinants, emphasizing poultry as an important reservoir of MDR pathogens and reinforcing the need for strengthened antimicrobial stewardship and genomic surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13572854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifaceted Suppression of Staphylococcal Virulence Phenotypes: In Vitro Study of a Cellular Status With Reduced Agr Activity and Impaired Biofilm","authors":"Nghi Bao Nguyen,&nbsp;Yuri Ushijima,&nbsp;Raiku Sekiya,&nbsp;Kazuya Morikawa,&nbsp;Le Thuy Thi Nguyen","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70380","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70380","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anti-quorum sensing (QS) therapy has been focused on to reduce the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. However, there is a risk that suppression of the staphylococcal QS Agr system might promote biofilm formation. In this study, we found that both Agr activity and the biofilm of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> can be reduced by a sappanwood extract (SWe). The impaired biofilm in the presence of SWe exhibited reduced extracellular DNA (eDNA) and increased extracellular polysaccharides. SWe also reduced pigmentation. The RNA-seq analysis showed that SWe suppressed multiple key virulence regulators, including the Agr and SaeRS systems. SWe downregulated cell-wall-associated proteins and several Agr-regulated virulence factors such as hemolysins and phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs). The present study did not intend the clinical application of the SWe but exemplified that it is possible to suppress multiple virulence phenotypes simultaneously <i>in vitro</i>, suggesting a new therapeutic concept to combat <i>S. aureus</i> infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13572819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148963743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}