MicrobiologyOpen最新文献

{"title":"Functional Metagenomics Insights Into the Allium ampeloprasum Rhizosphere Microbiome Under Different Fertilization Regimes","authors":"Oluwaseun Emmanuel Shittu,&nbsp;Ben Jesuorsemwen Enagbonma,&nbsp;Olubukola Oluranti Babalola","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70307","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70307","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fertilization practices shape the taxonomy, functional composition, and metabolic functions of the microbiome within the rhizosphere. Nonetheless, the impacts of various fertilization approaches on the functional composition of <i>Allium ampeloprasum</i> rhizosphere microbiomes remain underexplored. This study investigated how biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers impact the microbial functional categories of the <i>A. ampeloprasum</i> rhizosphere, hypothesizing that fertilization systems influence the metabolic profile. The genomic DNA was successfully extracted from the collected soil samples and processed via shotgun metagenomics sequencing. The application of biofertilizers enhanced the rhizosphere microbiome, revealing similar microbial orders across all plots, although plot G2 was uniquely enriched with those belonging to phyla Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, actinobacteria, Myxococcota, and Verrucomicrobiota. Biofertilizers promoted a broader range of microbial functions, primarily at EggNOG level 1. Notably, the α diversity significantly differed (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) among the soil samples. The functional diversity was linked to the soil physicochemical attributes, particularly the carbon and moisture contents, as illustrated by the RDA. Biofertilizer increases microbial diversity, underscoring the need to understand the rhizosphere microbiome to advance sustainable agricultural methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative Modular, Network-Based, and Machine Learning Framework for Predicting Accessory Genome Functions and Virulence in Escherichia coli O157:H7","authors":"Sydney Menzeko Gambushe,&nbsp;Oliver Tendayi Zishiri","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70323","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70323","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The pathogenicity of <i>Escherichia coli</i> O157:H7 is shaped not only by chromosomal toxins such as <i>Stx</i> and <i>eae</i> but also by virulence and resistance genes carried on plasmids. To explore the modular structure and predictive potential of these accessory elements, presence/absence data from 77 strains (70 accessory features) were analyzed. Methods included clustering using Euclidean and Jaccard distances, gene-to-gene network construction with community detection, Fisher's exact tests for associations between plasmid and virulence or antimicrobial resistance genes (AMR), random forest modeling to predict virulence labels and toxin presence (excluding direct toxin markers), and PCA for visualization. Both clustering approaches revealed broad groupings, though Jaccard clustering better captured co-occurring gene patterns. The co-occurrence network identified 12 modules, including a prominent plasmid–virulence module centered on <i>IncF</i> replicons, <i>stx2</i>, <i>ehxA</i>, <i>toxB</i>, and <i>espP</i>. Fisher's tests showed significant associations, notably between <i>IncFIA</i> and <i>stx2c</i> (<i>p</i> = 5.3 × 10⁻⁴). The Random Forest classifier achieved a cross-validated AUC of 0.853 ± 0.067, with <i>gad</i>, <i>espF</i>, <i>IncFIA</i>, and <i>ehxA</i> as key predictors. PCA explained 31.1%, 12.9%, and 10.0% of the variance across the first three components, separating plasmid–virulence module carriers from others. These findings indicate that a modular accessory genome structure contributes to the diversity of O157:H7. <i>IncF</i> plasmids and associated effectors form a highly interconnected subnetwork, and accessory markers independent of direct toxin genes can effectively predict virulence status, offering potential for rapid genomic surveillance of Shiga toxin-producing <i>E. coli</i> (STEC).</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70323","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148218400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle-Based Strategies to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Perspectives","authors":"Akmal Zubair,&nbsp;Syeda Zaira Batool,&nbsp;Mohamed H. Helal,&nbsp;Naila Afghan","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70318","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70318","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The infectious diseases remain a primary cause of morbidity and mortality on a global level, a crisis exacerbated by the rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The ineffectiveness of the old antibiotics and the stagnation of the development of new medications have triggered an emergency in the search for new methods of treatment. This review examines the opportunity of nanotechnology, which is the so-called nanobiotics, as a game-changing technology in combating multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria by searching various databases. Nanoparticles (NPs) are unique physicochemicals, i.e., high surface-to-volume ratio and multi-valent properties that enable them to overcome traditional resistance, e.g., efflux pumps, target modifications. The paper discusses the important antibacterial processes, which can involve the induction of oxidative stress by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the physical destabilization of the bacterial cell envelope, or the targeting of intracellular macromolecules, such as DNA and proteins. Moreover, it emphasizes the synergistic nature of the interactions of NPs with traditional antibiotics to improve drug delivery and efficacy and decrease host toxicity. Although a wide range of nanomaterials, such as silver, gold, metal oxides, and carbon-based structures, promise a lot, a lot of questions have been raised on their compatibility in the long term, their impact on the environment, and their legality. Nanotechnology, coupled with precision medicine and CRISPR-based systems, is a promising future in dealing with infectious diseases. Finally, nanomedicine is a complex solution to address the shortcomings of existing treatments and achieve a future of world health.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70318","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148150663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and Characterization of ESBL-Producing and Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Ornamental Birds and Their Surrounding Environments.","authors":"Md Abdullah Evna Hasan, Md Liton Rana, Md Saiful Islam, Sadia Afrin Punom, Md Tabeer Hossain Antor, Diruba Akter Jany, Naeem Ahammed Ibrahim Fahim, S M Abu Sama Al Faruquee, Md Raisul Islam, Zuhayr Bakhtiyar, Anindita Ash Prome, Md Monirul Islam, Saifur Rahman, Mohammad Ferdousur Rahman Khan, Md Tanvir Rahman","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70348","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) represent a global health risk, with ornamental birds serving as potential reservoirs for their dissemination. This study aimed to isolate and characterize ESBL-KP and CRKP from ornamental birds and their surrounding environments. A total of 112 samples, including equal numbers of feces, cage swab, cage water, cage feed, store feed, handler's hand swab, nasal swab, and air samples, were collected equally from both households and pet bird shops. Overall, 52.68% (59/112, CI₉₅: 0.435-0.6168) isolates were confirmed as positive, where a higher occurrence was observed in pet store samples (32/56, 57.14%) than in household samples (27/56, 48.21%). In the disk diffusion test, 79.67% (47/59, CI₉₅: 0.6773-0.8796) isolates were identified as multidrug-resistant, with high resistance to imipenem and cefotaxime (both 66.10%), meropenem and ceftriaxone (each 59.02%). The occurrence of ESBL-producing isolates was higher in shop samples (26/32, 81.25%) than in household samples (12/27, 44.44%). In the Congo Red assay, 76.28% (45/59, CI₉₅: 0.6403-0.8531) isolates were identified as strong biofilm producers. Resistance genes, bla_CTX-M (92.10%), bla_TEM (84.21%), bla_SHV (78.95%), bla_OXA-51 (51.42%), and bla_NDM (34.29%), conferring resistance to beta-lactams and carbapenems were detected in the K. pneumoniae isolates, along with virulence genes, uge (100%), entB (83.05%), mrkD (81.36%), and kfu (30.51%). As a first report from Bangladesh, this study highlights the widespread occurrence of ESBL-KP, CRKP and biofilm-producing K. pneumoniae in ornamental birds, emphasizing the urgent need for a One Health approach to prevent associated zoonotic and environmental risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":"e70348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13290651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tryptophan Metabolism and Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor Agonists in the Gut Microbiome of People With Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.","authors":"David J Esteban, Brynn Conrad, Autumn Cullinan, Sharon Luong, Jason Albaum, Victoria Wilk","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70333","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating chronic disease with unknown biological basis and no cure. Microbiome dysbiosis has been reported in people with ME/CFS but its relevance to pathophysiology is unknown. Gut microbes are an important source of tryptophan metabolites that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a regulator of homeostatic and inflammatory genes. Dysregulated activation of AHR contributes to pathophysiology of several neuroimmune and chronic diseases but its role in ME/CFS has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the production of tryptophan metabolites and AHR agonists by gut microbes of people with ME/CFS. We found lower diversity and altered microbiome community structure in people with ME/CFS and changes in the subcommunity of microbes that correlated with tryptophan metabolites. Using targeted metabolomics we identified nine metabolites elevated in the stool of people with ME/CFS, including three AHR agonists. Stool ex vivo cultures were tested for their capacity to activate AHR in a reporter cell line and by qPCR. AHR activation did not differ between people with ME/CFS and controls, however, we detected elevated agonist activity in people with neurocognitive symptoms, regardless of underlying disease. These findings are consistent with previous work revealing changes in the gut microbiome of people with ME/CFS and adds further support to alterations in tryptophan metabolism associated with the disease. Altered AHR activity by gut microbial metabolites may be a common mechanism contributing to neurocognitive symptoms in diseases including ME/CFS.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":"e70333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13284739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Neonatal Ward Environment as a Reservoir for the Dissemination of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Algeria.","authors":"Meriem Derkaoui, Martin Alexander Fischer, Mohammed Sebaihia, Rachida Namoune, Fatiha Bouheudjeur, Meryem Beloukarif, Bakhta Madaoui, Bruno Silvester Lopes","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70346","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections and contributes to high mortality. We examined the molecular epidemiology, antibiotic resistance, and virulence features of K. pneumoniae from the neonatal ward environment of a hospital in Chlef, Algeria, using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed with the Vitek 2 automated system (AST-N365 card). Genomic DNA was extracted with the GF-1 kit, and WGS was performed by GENEWIZ Europe using the NEBNext Ultra II DNA Library Prep Kit. Species identification and virulence genes were determined using Kleborate, antimicrobial resistance genes were detected with AMRfinder Plus. From 9790 publicly available K. pneumoniae genomes, the 112 closest matches were selected, and core-genome MLST and a minimum-spanning tree were generated in SeqSphere + v10.5.04 using a MLST and cgMLST scheme. All isolates were multidrug-resistant, and WGS identified 22 resistance genes. Core genes detected across all samples included the bla_CTX-M-15, bla_TEM-1, oqxA, oqxB, aph(6)-Id, aph(3\")-Ib, sul2, fosA5, emrD and kdeA. Other genes, including bla_SHV-1, bla_SHV-11, bla_DHA-1, bla_OXA-1, qnrB4, qnrS1 and aac(6')-Ib-cr5 were also observed. Yersiniabactin-associated virulence genes ybt and irp were detected in KP32, KP37 and KP57 (high risk clone ST13) while qacE was present only in KP55 (novel strain ST8932). This study highlights the persistence of bla_CTX-M-15, qnr, and bla_DHA-1 in K. pneumoniae from the neonatal ward environment. The presence of the high-risk strain ST13 is particularly concerning, as its identical allelic profiles indicate likely clonal spread within the hospital. These results suggest the hospital environment may act as a reservoir for multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":"e70346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13284093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Microbiome Diversity, Infection Dynamics, and Microbe-Mediated Cross-Protection.","authors":"Sana Arooj, Akmal Zubair, Syeda Zaira Batool, Granaz Niaz, Muhammad Ali, Yasir Waheed, Eman Ramadan Elsharkawy, Naila Afghan","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70349","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modern technological advances have revealed that the lungs, once believed to be sterile, actually harbor a diverse community of microorganisms. A normal lung microbiome possesses its own characteristic microbial community, although it is largely influenced by the microbiota of the upper respiratory tract. The lung microbiome is distinct from that of other organs due to unique selective pressures, including mechanical clearance through coughing, the activity of pulmonary macrophages, the coordinated movement of respiratory cilia, and the antimicrobial effects of alveolar surfactant. Although recent research has largely concentrated on the pulmonary bacteriome, comparatively little attention has been given to the lung mycobiome and virome. Various databases such as PubMed, Scopus/Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Medline for literature research up to December 2025. This updated review discusses the origin, composition, and functional significance of the lung microbiome, with particular emphasis on its protective role against respiratory pathogens through host-microbe interactions. The review primarily focuses on respiratory disorders such as asthma, along with a range of viral and bacterial infections. Special attention is given to current evidence on how lung microbial communities influence susceptibility to pulmonary infections, as well as how the lung microbiome contributes to host defense during infectious conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":"e70349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13291210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148308785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Effects of IMP-1700, Ciprofloxacin, and X-Ray Radiation in Bacteria and Mammalian Cell Lines: Implications for Use in Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria.","authors":"Ida Vang Andersen, Ane Beth Sloth, Emilie Caroline Skuladottir Bøgestad, Christian Bernard Matthijs Poulie, Anne Skovsbo Clausen, Umberto Maria Battisti, Matthias M Herth, Andreas Kjaer","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IMP-1700 was developed as a compound designed to target bacterial DNA repair-associated pathways, including homologous recombination mediated by the AddAB/RecBCD system. While its antibacterial properties are well established, the potential effects on mammalian noncancerous and tumor cells under genotoxic stress remain to be elucidated. This study investigates the impact of IMP-1700 and its synergistic effect in combination with ciprofloxacin (CPX) and X-ray radiation in bacterial cultures and mammalian cell lines. In Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), neither IMP-1700 (5 µM) nor CPX (15 µM) as monotherapy significantly reduced bacterial growth; their combination produced a substantial reduction in bacterial counts, and IMP-1700 further enhanced killing when combined with 10 Gy X-ray irradiation, resulting in a 77% decrease, demonstrating synergistic antibacterial activity. In mammalian cells, X-ray cytotoxicity was cell-type dependent: noncancerous NIH-3T3 fibroblasts showed no significant effect, while B16.F10 melanoma cells displayed delayed sensitivity, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells an intermediate response, and HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells marked radioresistance. IMP-1700 enhanced radiation-induced cytotoxicity across all cell lines, particularly at 72 h post-irradiation. These findings suggest that although IMP-1700 was designed to target bacterial DNA repair pathways, it can enhance sensitivity to genotoxic stress in both bacterial and mammalian systems. Further mechanistic investigation and safety evaluation are required before potential therapeutic application.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":"e70270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13112599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-Wide In Silico Analysis of the Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) Within the Morganella Genus.","authors":"Mathilde Duque, Aymeric Jacquemin, Delphine Girlich, Rémy A Bonnin, Laurent Dortet","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70304","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Morganella spp., part of the Morganellaceae family, are opportunistic pathogens commonly found in the human gut microbiota. They are highly adaptable, cause various types of infections, and are difficult to treat due to virulence factors and resistance genes. In 2017, Morganella became part of the WHO Bacterial Pathogen Priority List (BPPL). In 2024, a genomic study revealed significant differences between clinically relevant species, particularly between M. sibonii and M. morganii, with M. sibonii possessing a unique type VI secretion system (T6SS) operon. This study aimed to explore the distribution and diversity of T6SS in Morganella species. A retrospective analysis of 293 Morganella genomes from 1966 to 2023 was conducted. The T6SS clusters and subtypes were annotated using the SecReT6 platform and RAST, with phylogenetic analysis performed on tssB genes. Putative effectors and immunity proteins were identified through in silico analysis using BlastP and Alphafold. We identified that M. sibonii isolates possess four T6SS clusters of subtypes i1, i3 v.1, i3 v.2, and i5. In contrast, most M. morganii isolates lacked T6SS, with only one-third containing a subtype i1 T6SS. Notably, M. morganii frequently (95%, 117/123 effectors) harbored a T6SS-predicted TseV effector, while M. sibonii exhibited a greater diversity of effectors. This study highlights species-specific T6SS patterns among Morganella genus and suggests that T6SS might play a crucial role in bacterial lifestyle competition and host-pathogen interactions. It paves the way for future research on Morganella pathogenicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":"e70304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Responsible Antimicrobial Practices and Antimicrobial Resistance: A Cross-Sectional Study of Farmers in Rangpur, Bangladesh.","authors":"Anju Man Ara, Farjana Boby, Mohsin Taluckder, Md Shahiduzzaman","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70308","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat, intensified in low- and middle-income countries by rampant antibiotic misuse in livestock and poultry. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of 537 farmers in Rangpur, Bangladesh, to identify drivers and pathways of high-risk antimicrobial use (AMU). Data on demographics, farm characteristics, and AMR-related KAP scores were collected, with disease treatments mapped to WHO AWaRe classifications. Logistic regression identified predictors of responsible practices, while additional analyses and visualizations explored patterns of antimicrobial use and misuse pathways. Results showed that 42.9% of antibiotic use was high-risk, with nearly half of diseases treated using Critically Important Antimicrobials (CIAs) from the Watch or Reserve groups, intended primarily for human medicine. Colistin and ciprofloxacin, last-resort drugs for human health, were commonly used for routine poultry diseases, raising serious public health concerns. Three misuse pathways emerged: (i) antibiotics applied to viral diseases, (ii) reliance on Watch/Reserve antibiotics for bacterial infections, and (iii) antibiotic use for parasitic diseases. Paravets and veterinarians influenced 76.2% of prescribing decisions, underscoring their pivotal role. AMR training was associated with more responsible practices, yet high practice scores did not consistently align with knowledge or attitudes, revealing a gap between behavior and awareness. Immediate One Health stewardship interventions combining regulatory enforcement, improved diagnostics, and sweeping educational reform are essential to reduce AMR risks and safeguard public health in Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 3","pages":"e70308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13149215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}