MicrobiologyOpen最新文献

{"title":"Heat Treatment and Storage of Frass From Black Soldier Fly Larvae and Yellow Mealworm Production: Compliance With EU Regulation on Microbiological Quality and Safety","authors":"Ann De Volder,&nbsp;Jeroen De Smet,&nbsp;Lotte Frooninckx,&nbsp;David Deruytter,&nbsp;Johan Ceusters,&nbsp;Dries Vandeweyer","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Insect farming generates substantial amounts of frass, a nutrient-rich by-product with valorization potential as fertilizer/soil improver. Marketing is restricted by EU regulations, imposing a reference heat treatment for 1 h at 70°C to reduce the presence of potential pathogens. This study evaluated the impact of heat treatments (50 → 80°C for 15 → 90 min) on microbiological quality and safety of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and yellow mealworm (YM) frass, as well as microbial dynamics during storage, before and after reference treatment. Fresh frass showed high microbial counts, but <i>Salmonella</i> was absent. Untreated BSFL frass did not meet the EU criteria to allow use as fertilizer, while some YM frass samples did. Reference heat-treated BSFL and YM frass complied with the EU criteria. <i>Escherichia coli</i> counts were below the 1000 cfu/g limit, and <i>Salmonella</i> (even when inoculated before treatment) was absent. Only in BSFL frass, Enterococcaceae counts were sufficiently reduced. Milder treatments (temperatures &lt; 70°C and/or times &lt; 1 h) of BSFL frass induced similar reductions of <i>E. coli</i> and (inoculated) <i>Salmonella</i> but Enterococcaceae counts remained above 1000 cfu/g. In some YM frass samples (inoculated) <i>Salmonella</i> was still detected after milder treatment. Refrigerated (4°C) or ambient temperature (26°C–28°C) storage up to 2 weeks of fresh and heat-treated frass did not increase bacterial counts. To ensure frass microbiological safety whilst preserving quality and reducing costs, tailored treatments seem appropriate. This may be no, milder, or more severe treatment, depending on the microbial load (counts and species type).</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Distortion? Impacts of Delayed Preservation on Microbiome Diversity and Composition in a Marine Invertebrate","authors":"Brenna Hutchings,&nbsp;Susanna López-Legentil,&nbsp;Lauren Stefaniak,&nbsp;Marie Nydam,&nbsp;Patrick M. Erwin","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Field collections of marine invertebrates are often accompanied by delays in preservation, which may impact microbiome composition. Here, we tested the effects of delayed preservation and relaxation methods on microbiome diversity and composition in the colonial ascidian <i>Trididemnum solidum</i> using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Replicate samples collected from Belizean reefs were either (1) immediately preserved in ethanol (“control”), (2) held in ambient seawater for 3 h before preservation (“SW”), or (3) held in ambient seawater with menthol (a common pre-preservation relaxation technique for ascidian identification) for 3 h before preservation (“SW + M”). All <i>T. solidum</i> microbiomes were different from ambient seawater bacterioplankton and dominated by the same microbial taxa, including the genera <i>Thalassobaculum</i>, <i>Tistrella</i>, and <i>Synechocystis</i>. However, the 3-h delay in sample preservation (SW) significantly reduced microbiome richness compared to controls (<i>p</i> = 0.028), while menthol treatment (SW + M) mitigated this diversity loss (<i>p</i> = 0.208). Microbial composition at the community level did not differ significantly for either delayed preservation method compared to controls (SW <i>p</i> = 0.054, SW + M <i>p</i> = 0.052). Taxon-level shifts were rare but did occur, most notably a bloom of the facultatively anaerobic gammaproteobacterium <i>Catenococcus</i> that was 37x (SW) and 197x (SW + M) more abundant in delayed preservations. After a 3-h preservation delay (SW), only 122 microbial taxa (1.85% of total) exhibited significantly differential abundances with controls, with menthol treatment (SW + M) reducing taxon-level shifts to 65 taxa (0.98%). Our results showed that brief delays in preservation did not significantly alter community-level microbiome composition and dominant taxa, with menthol exposure counteracting minor microbiome shifts associated with preservation delays.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144074634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Antisense Tools to Study Bodo saltans and Its Intracellular Symbiont","authors":"Mastaneh Ahrar,&nbsp;Lorna Glenn,&nbsp;Marie Held,&nbsp;Andrew Jackson,&nbsp;Krzysztof Kus,&nbsp;Gregory D. D. Hurst,&nbsp;Ewa Chrostek","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Obligate symbioses are common in nature and present a particular challenge for functional genetic analysis. In many cases, the host is a non-model species with poor tools for genetic manipulation, and the symbiont cannot be cultured or its gene expression manipulated to investigate function. Here, we investigated the potential for using antisense inhibition to analyze host and symbiont gene function within an obligate aquatic symbiosis. We focused on the kinetoplastid host <i>Bodo saltans</i> and its bacterial symbiont, C<i>andidatus Bodocaedibacter vickermanii</i>, a member of Rickettsiales. We conclude that antisense inhibition is not feasible in the <i>Bodo saltans</i> and its symbiont, as the holobiont feeds on the antisense molecules—and increases in numbers—upon treatment with the antisense construct. Although our approach has proven unsuccessful, we have developed an array of protocols that can be used to study the biology of this microeukaryote and its microbial associates.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic Variation in the Prevalence of Candidatus Neoehrlichia procyonis in Raccoons (Procyon lotor) in the United States and Canada","authors":"Meghan Lewis,&nbsp;Kayla B. Garrett,&nbsp;Christopher A. Cleveland,&nbsp;Sonia M. Hernandez,&nbsp;Mark Swain,&nbsp;Michael J. Yabsley","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Raccoons (<i>Procyon lotor</i>) are reservoirs for pathogens of other wildlife species, domestic animals, and humans, including several tick-borne pathogens. A relatively understudied organism in raccoons is <i>Candidatus</i> Neoehrlichia procyonis which has been detected in raccoons from the southeastern United States. A related species in Europe and Asia, <i>Neoehrlichia mikurensis</i>, uses rodents as reservoirs and <i>Ixodes</i> spp. as vectors; however, studies on rodents suggest they are not susceptible to <i>Ca</i>. N. procyonis. <i>N. mikurensis</i> has been associated with cases of neoehrlichiosis in people and dogs, which emphasizes the need to better understand the natural history of <i>Ca</i>. N. procyonis. We conducted a molecular survey of raccoons from selected regions of the United States and Canada. Of 394 raccoons tested, 167 (42.4%) were confirmed to be positive for <i>Ca</i>. N. procyonis based on sequence analysis. There was spatial variation in prevalence with significantly higher prevalence (68%, 268/394) being detected in the Southeast region of the United States compared with all other regions, although a high prevalence (55.1%, 217/394) was detected in California. Lower prevalence was detected in the Midwest (3.8%, 15/394) and none of the raccoons from Canada were positive. These data suggest that <i>Ca</i>. N. procyonis is widespread in raccoon populations in the United States but there is spatial variation which may be related to vector distribution or some other factor. Although not known to infect hosts other than raccoons, neoehrlichiosis should be considered in cases of suspected ehrlichiosis in immunocompromised dogs or people that have no known etiologic agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quorum Sensing: Not Just a Bridge Between Bacteria","authors":"Derun Liu,&nbsp;Yonglin Lu,&nbsp;Ziyun Li,&nbsp;Xin Pang,&nbsp;Xueyan Gao","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study of quorum sensing (QS) has gained critical importance, offering insights into bacterial and microorganism communication. QS, regulated by autoinducers, synchronizes collective bacterial behaviors across diverse chemical signals and target genes. This review highlights innovative approaches to regulating QS, emphasizing the potential of quorum quenching and QS inhibitors to mitigate bacterial pathogenicity. These strategies have shown promise in aquaculture and plant resistance, disrupting QS pathways to combat infections. QS also provides opportunities for developing biosensors for early disease detection and preventing biofilm formation, which is critical to overcoming antimicrobial resistance. The applications of QS extend to cancer therapy, with targeted drug delivery systems utilizing QS mechanisms. Advancements in QS regulation, such as the use of nanomaterials, hydrogels, and microplastics, provide novel methods to modulate QS systems. This review explores the latest developments in QS, recognizing its significance in controlling bacterial behavior and its broad impacts on human health and disease management. Integrating these insights into therapeutic strategies and diagnostics represents a pivotal opportunity for medical progress.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “CerM and Its Antagonist CerN Are New Components of the Quorum Sensing System in Cereibacter sphaeroides, Signaling to the CckA/ChpT/CtrA System”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hernández-Valle, J., B. Vega-Baray, S. Poggio, and L. Camarena. 2024. “CerM and Its Antagonist CerN Are New Components of the Quorum Sensing System in <i>Cereibacter sphaeroides</i>, Signaling to the CckA/ChpT/CtrA System.” <i>MicrobiologyOpen</i> 13, no. 6: e012. https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.70012.</p><p>In Results:</p><p>Section 3.1, pages 9 and 10: The mention of Figures 2B, 2C, and 2D was meant to indicate Figures 1B, 1C, and 1D, respectively.</p><p>Section 3.2, page 12: The sentence “explaining the polar effect of the allele ΔcerR::aadA (JV16 strain in Figures 3 and 4)” should have actually referred to Figures 2 and 3.</p><p>We apologize for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143080498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CerM and Its Antagonist CerN Are New Components of the Quorum Sensing System in Cereibacter sphaeroides, Signaling to the CckA/ChpT/CtrA System","authors":"José Hernández-Valle,&nbsp;Benjamín Vega-Baray,&nbsp;Sebastián Poggio,&nbsp;Laura Camarena","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Cereibacter sphaeroides</i> has a quorum sensing (QS) system that has been partially characterized. Using a bioinformatic approach, six LuxR homologs and one homolog of the acylhomoserine lactone synthase were identified in this bacterium, including the previously characterized CerR and CerI proteins. This study focused on determining the roles of two LuxR homologs, CerM and CerN. CerN lacks the HTH domain and, together with CerM, controls the expression of ctrA, which is part of the TCS CckA/ChpT/CtrA. CtrA is widely conserved in alpha-proteobacteria and regulates flagellar motility and other cellular processes. Genetic and biochemical data suggest that CerM indirectly represses <i>ctrA</i> expression, which is counteracted by its interaction with CerN-AHL. A transcriptomic study identified 181 genes regulated by CerM/CerN, with a conserved sequence in their regulatory regions likely indicating the CerM binding site. This hypothesis was supported by in vitro and in vivo DNA–protein interaction assays. Our results identified a transcription factor that could connect the QS system with the regulation of the two-component system CckA/ChpT/CtrA.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diclofenac Degradation by Immobilized Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Scenedesmus obliquus","authors":"Thamali Kariyawasam,&nbsp;Martin Petkovich,&nbsp;Bas Vriens","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diclofenac (DCF), a commonly used anti-inflammatory medication, presents environmental concerns due to its presence in water bodies, resistance to conventional wastewater treatment methods, and detection at increasing concentrations (ng/L to µg/L) that highlight DCF as a global emerging pollutant. While microalgae have been effective in degrading DCF in wastewater, immobilization into a matrix offers a promising approach to enhance treatment retention and efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of DCF removal using immobilized freshwater microalgae. Two algal species, <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii</i> (<i>Chlamydomonas</i>) and <i>Scenedesmus obliquus</i> (<i>Scenedesmus</i>), were tested for 6 days in both free and immobilized forms to determine if immobilized algae could degrade DCF comparably to free cells. The findings indicate that by Day 3, immobilized <i>Chlamydomonas</i> and <i>Scenedesmus</i> removed 78.0% and 80.1% of DCF, outperforming free-cell cultures. Mixed cultures demonstrated synergistic effects, with removal amounts of 91.4% for free and 92.3% for immobilized systems. By Day 6, all conditions achieved complete DCF removal (100%). Mechanistic analysis showed 80.0% biodegradation and 20.0% bioaccumulation in free <i>Chlamydomonas</i> and 56.8% biodegradation with 43.2% bioaccumulation in <i>Scenedesmus</i>. Immobilization shifted pathways slightly: in <i>Chlamydomonas</i>, 61.6% of DCF removal occurred via biodegradation, 18.3% via bioaccumulation, and 20.1% via abiotic degradation. For <i>Scenedesmus</i>, immobilization achieved 45.6% biodegradation, 36.6% bioaccumulation, and 17.8% abiotic degradation, enhancing abiotic degradation while maintaining biodegradation efficiency. This research serves as a proof of concept for utilizing immobilized algae in DCF removal and suggests an avenue for improved wastewater treatment of emerging contaminants.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic phage administration reduces Salmonella Enteritidis infection in newly hatched chicks","authors":"Lorna Agapé,&nbsp;Pierrette Menanteau,&nbsp;Florent Kempf,&nbsp;Catherine Schouler,&nbsp;Olivier Boulesteix,&nbsp;Mickaël Riou,&nbsp;Thierry Chaumeil,&nbsp;Philippe Velge","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Salmonellosis outbreaks are global issues primarily associated with the consumption of poultry products, which may be infected with <i>Salmonella</i>. The use of lytic bacteriophages could be a safe and effective approach to reduce <i>Salmonella</i> prevalence in poultry and subsequently the incidence in humans. This study examined the value of prophylactic phage treatment on <i>Salmonella</i> levels in chickens and the effect of such treatment on their overall gut microbiome. We also investigated phage persistence in vivo and resistance emergence against the six-phage cocktail used. The preventive potential of phages was evaluated on 200 chicks by administering phages via drinking water for 6 days after hatching, followed by the <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis challenge on Day 7. The results showed that up to 4 days postinfection, phages had a preventive effect by significantly reducing <i>Salmonella</i> colonization in ceca by three logs. Furthermore, the phage cocktail did not induce dysbiosis, although variations in microbiota in terms of microbial composition were observed between conditions, with the Enterobacteriaceae family being impacted. However, the phage cocktail did not induce a long-term effect, with <i>Salmonella</i> levels rebounding 8 days after phage treatment was stopped. Overall, our data show that phage prophylaxis can reduce <i>Salmonella</i> colonization and explore ways of improving the effectiveness of phages in limiting infections throughout poultry production.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/mbo3.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compounds Containing 2,3-Bis(phenylamino) Quinoxaline Exhibit Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Their Biofilms","authors":"Gilda Padalino,&nbsp;Katrina Duggan,&nbsp;Luis A. J. Mur,&nbsp;Jean-Yves Maillard,&nbsp;Andrea Brancale,&nbsp;Karl F. Hoffmann","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antimicrobial resistance remains a global issue, hindering the control of bacterial infections. This study examined the antimicrobial properties of 2,3-N,N-diphenyl quinoxaline derivatives against Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and Mycobacterium species. Two quinoxaline derivatives (compounds 25 and 31) exhibited significant activity against most strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> tested, with MIC values ranging from 0.25 to 1 mg/L. These compounds also showed effective antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant <i>S. aureus</i> (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant <i>E. faecium</i>/<i>E. faecalis</i> (VRE) strains. They demonstrated comparable or superior activity to four current antibiotics (vancomycin, teicoplanin, daptomycin, and linezolid) against a wide range of clinically relevant isolates. Additionally, they were more effective in preventing <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>E. faecalis</i> biofilm formation compared to several other antibiotics. In summary, these two quinoxaline derivatives have potential as new antibacterial agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"13 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}