MicrobiologyOpen最新文献

{"title":"Antifungal Activity Assessment of Postbiotic Mediators Derived From Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus reuteri Against Candida albicans.","authors":"Fatemeh Amirinia, Morteza Banakar, Mojgan Alaeddini, Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam, Maryam Pourhajibagher, Maryam Noori","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70439","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70439","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise of antimicrobial resistance has increased interest in safe alternative therapeutic agents, including postbiotic mediators (PMs), which are sterile, cell-free, filter-sterilized preparations derived from probiotics. This study investigated the antifungal and antibiofilm activity of PMs derived from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) and Lactobacillus reuteri (LR) against Candida albicans, an opportunistic pathogen implicated in oral infections. PMs were prepared from LGG and LR cultures. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) against C. albicans were determined using broth microdilution and colony-forming unit (CFU) counts. Antibiofilm activity at sub-MIC concentrations was evaluated by assessing metabolic activity (XTT assay) and biofilm architecture (scanning electron microscopy, SEM). The MIC and MFC of PMs from both LGG and LR were 25% (v/v). Both PMs significantly reduced the metabolic activity of C. albicans biofilms as measured by the XTT assay (p ≤ 0.002); however, a statistically significant reduction in viable biofilm counts was observed only with LGG PMs (p = 0.0038), whereas LR PMs showed a non-significant reduction (p = 0.1537). SEM showed marked changes in biofilm architecture. PMs from LGG and LR showed in vitro antifungal activity against C. albicans, with both preparations suppressing biofilm metabolic activity and LGG PMs additionally producing a statistically significant reduction in viable biofilm counts. These findings support further investigation of Lactobacillus-derived PMs as candidate adjunctive antifungal approaches; however, validation in clinical and antifungal-resistant isolates, chemical and mechanistic characterization, cytotoxicity testing, and in vivo studies are required before clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149170185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of an Endophytic Fungus, Daldinia sp. Isolated From Avicennia officinalis.","authors":"Nickita Dutta, Nutan Kumari, Anushka Lather, Kundan Kumar","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70422","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mangrove ecosystems are dynamic coastal habitats that support distinctive microbial communities capable of producing structurally diverse and biologically potent secondary metabolites. Among these, endophytic fungi residing asymptomatically within mangrove plants represent an underexplored resource with substantial potential for the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents. In this study, an endophytic fungus (Daldinia sp.) was isolated from the leaves of Avicennia officinalis collected from the mangrove forests of Goa. The ethyl acetate extract of the identified endophyte demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, with zones of inhibition ranging from 13.67 ± 0.57 to 17.33 ± 0.57 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 312.5 to 625 μg/mL against Escherichia coli and Shigella sp., following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Flow cytometry analysis of the extract showed 84.04% ± 5.89% and 62.15% ± 1.77% of cells stained with propidium iodide (PI) in E. coli and Shigella sp., respectively, indicating substantial membrane damage. The extract induced the generation of reactive oxygen species in E. coli and Shigella sp., leading to an increase in 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence intensity. Furthermore, the extract exhibited antibiofilm activity, inhibiting biofilm formation by 93.03% ± 1.67% in E. coli and 89.38% ± 0.91% in Shigella sp. Scanning electron microscopy also supports the antibiofilm and antibacterial potential of the extract, as evidenced by reduced biofilm density and visible physical damage to bacterial cells, respectively. The metabolite profiling indicates the presence of various metabolites with antimicrobial properties. Collectively, the findings underscore the potential of an isolated endophytic fungus as a valuable source of potent antibacterial and antibiofilm compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13622445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149075221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Microbiome in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Tumor-Immune Interactions, and Translational Perspectives.","authors":"Tareq Nayef AlRamadneh, Renuka Jyothi-S, Priya Priyadarshini-Nayak, Anima Nanda, Shaker Al-Hasnaawei, Akanksha Bhatt, Ashish Singh-Chauhan, Siya Singla, Manoj Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.70431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite multimodal treatment, glioblastoma (GBM) remains difficult to control because of diffuse invasion, tumor heterogeneity, immune dysfunction, and frequent recurrence. Increasing attention has focused on whether intestinal microbial communities and their products can modify systemic and central nervous system processes relevant to GBM. This narrative review critically evaluates current evidence linking microbial communities, microbial metabolites, tumor-associated microbial signals, and host immune responses with GBM biology and clinical translation. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for English-language studies published from January 2019 through August 2026, with earlier foundational studies included when necessary. Human cohorts, tumor-tissue studies, glioma models, microbiota-transfer experiments, and mechanistic investigations were considered. Preclinical evidence supports several plausible pathways, including changes in short-chain fatty acid availability, microglial and macrophage states, blood-brain barrier regulation, systemic immunity, and tryptophan-related signaling. However, many relevant metabolites may originate from microbial, host, immune, or tumor sources. Human studies remain limited and vulnerable to confounding, reverse causation, treatment effects, and geographic variation. Bacterial nucleic acids and bacteria-associated HLA-bound peptides have been detected in brain tumors, but these findings do not establish viable colonization or a gut origin. Low microbial biomass also necessitates rigorous contamination control and orthogonal validation. Microbial influences are biologically plausible modifiers of GBM rather than established drivers. Clinical translation requires longitudinal human studies, source-resolved analyzes, standardized low-biomass methods, mechanistic validation, and independent replication. No microbiome-based biomarker or microbiome-directed therapy is currently validated for routine GBM care or patient stratification in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13635682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspergillus niger as a New Endophytic Fungus From Deverra tortuosa: Phytochemical Profile, Molecular Docking, Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, Antioxidant, and Anticancer Activities.","authors":"Samy Selim, Amr H Hashem, Amer Morsy Abdelaziz, Mohamed H Sharaf, Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli, Mohammed Aladhadh, Emad M Abdallah, Mohammed H Alruhaili, Hattan S Gattan, Alaa A Kashmiry, Mohammed Aufy","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70430","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endophytic fungi are recognized as rich sources of bioactive secondary metabolites with promising pharmaceutical applications. In this study, five endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from Deverra tortuosa and evaluated for antimicrobial activity for the first time. Among them, isolate AA1 showed the highest antimicrobial potential and was identified as Aspergillus niger (GenBank accession no. PX273401.1) through morphological and molecular analyses. Phytochemical analysis revealed high levels of flavonoids (496.5 µg/mL), tannins (260.7 µg/mL), phenolics (214.93 µg/mL), and alkaloids (26.45 µg/mL). GC-MS profiling detected several bioactive metabolites, with hexadecenoic acid, docosene, octadecanol, isochiapin B, octadecenoic acid, and octacosanol as major constituents. The fungal extract exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Bacillus cereus, each with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 62.5 µg/mL. It also inhibited biofilm formation by 26.9:55.1% at ½ MIC and demonstrated notable antioxidant activity, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values of 167.6 µg/mL (DPPH) and 137.8 µg/mL (ABTS). Cytotoxicity assays confirmed relatively low toxicity toward normal Wi-38 and Vero cell lines, while significant antiproliferative activity was observed against MCF-7 and HepG2 cancer cells, with IC₅₀ values of 78.7 and 29.5 µg/mL, respectively, indicating favorable selectivity. Molecular docking supported these biological activities, identifying hexadecenoic acid as the strongest ligand against DNA gyrase subunit B (GyrB) and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), while isochiapin B also showed strong affinity toward ERα. These findings demonstrate that A. niger from D. tortuosa is a promising source of multifunctional bioactive metabolites with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer potential for future pharmaceutical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13646716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Integration of Recombinase Polymerase Amplification and CRISPR-Cas12a Enables High-Sensitivity Detection of Mycoplasma bovis.","authors":"Diba Yaghoubi, Viju V Pillai","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70435","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycoplasma bovis is a major pathogen of cattle, causing substantial economic losses in the global cattle industry and emerging as a serious threat to North American bison (Bison bison). Effective outbreak management is hindered by the lack of rapid diagnostic methodologies deployable in field settings. Current testing approaches are limited by slow turnaround times for microbial culture and the dependence of qPCR on centralized laboratory infrastructure, both of which are poorly suited for field settings. To address this gap, we developed a highly sensitive, isothermal diagnostic platform coupling Recombinase Polymerase Amplification with CRISPR-Cas12a detection targeting the conserved uvrC gene. The optimized assay requires less than 1 h at 37°-39°C and achieves an analytical limit of detection of approximately 8 copies, comparable to that of the gold-standard quantitative PCR. Clinical validation using 110 samples from bison and cattle demonstrated 100% concordance with PCR and complete differentiation from closely related species, including Mycoplasma canis and Mycoplasma felis. Overall, these data establish the RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay as a sensitive and specific isothermal approach for detecting M. bovis in clinical specimens, providing a field-adaptable framework for future instrument-free surveillance in resource-limited agricultural settings and supporting improved herd health management in both commercial cattle and bison conservation operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149167354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Soybean and Kappaphycus sp. Differentially Modulate Gut Microbiota Diversity and Predicted Functional Profile in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).","authors":"Leonildo Dos Anjo Viagem, Jean Nepomuscene Hakizimana, Cyrus Rumisha, Brunno da Silva Cerozi, Gerald Misinzo","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70442","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet composition shapes gut microbiota, influencing nutrient utilization, health, and growth. The shift toward sustainable ingredients such as soybean meal (SB) and seaweed (SW) requires an understanding of their effects on the gut microbiota. This study investigated how SB and SW diets modulate gut microbiota and predicted functional profile in Nile tilapia. Fish were assigned to four dietary treatments for 62 days: fishmeal (FM), SB, SW, and a natural meal (NM, non-formulated diet). Gut microbiota were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and functional potential was inferred using PICRUSt2. Diet significantly influenced microbial beta diversity (PERMANOVA, R² = 0.60, F = 4.05, p = 0.001). Alpha diversity was highest in the SW and lowest in the NM, with a significant difference detected only between these groups. Fusobacteriota and Pseudomonadota predominated across treatments, while Cetobacterium was consistently identified as a core genus. SB and SW diets were associated with distinct taxonomic and predicted functional profiles. SB diet showed higher representation of pathways related to nucleotide turnover, central carbon metabolism, and stress response, and was associated with growth performance. SW showed higher predicted abundances of amino acid biosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism pathways, and achieved the highest protein digestibility. In contrast, NM showed lower predicted functional potential and lower growth indices. Overall, SB and SW were associated with changes in microbial composition and predicted metabolic functions while maintaining relatively stable core microbiota. These findings support the relevance of gut microbiota as a biological indicator when evaluating sustainable feed ingredients for Nile tilapia aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Nanoantibiotic Formulation With Magnetic and Targeting Potential: Ampicillin-Conjugated L-glu-Fe₃O₄ NPs.","authors":"Mehmet Demirel, Ozlem Baris, Mesut Taskin, Seyda Albayrak, Ferhunde Aysin, Azada Aliyeva, Buket Bakan","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70419","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) are maintained in the body for a significantly longer duration than small molecule antibiotics, potentially facilitating prolonged therapeutic effects. In this study, a novel nanoantibiotic formulation (l-glu-Fe₃O₄-Amp NPs) was prepared, and its antibacterial efficacy was evaluated. For this purpose, l-glutamic acid (l-glu) was used for surface modification of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs), and ampicillin (Amp) was then conjugated l-glu-Fe₃O₄ NPs structure. Fourier transform infrared analyses revealed that the final nanoantibiotic formulation l-glu-Fe₃O₄-Amp NPs was successfully prepared. The size distribution of the formulation was determined to be 164 nm by ZETAsizer. It exhibited a controlled drug release profile over a certain period of time, with a slightly increased release and then exhibited a stable profile. Agar well diffusion assay and the LIVE/DEAD BacLight fluorescent assay showed that the formulation had an antibacterial effectiveness against both Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. The formulation has a lower minimal inhibitory concentration value against S. aureus. It significantly increased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in both bacteria when compared with the Amp group. Its cellular uptake and bacterial interaction were confirmed by confocal and transmission electron microscopy images. The in vitro assay revealed that this formulation is nontoxic to fibroblast cells. This study highlights the potential of l-glu-Fe₃O₄-Amp NPs conjugate as a potentially effective antibacterial agent. This is the first report on the use of l-glu as a surface modifier of Fe₃O₄ NPs and Amp. Use of l-glu increases the drug-carrying capacity of NPs and reduces the possible side effects of Amp.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149069878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subclinical Mastitis and Antibiotic Exposure Reshape the Milk Bacteriome, Resistome, and Metabolic Functional Profiles in Dairy Cows.","authors":"M Nazmul Hoque, M Shaminur Rahman, Md Golzar Hossain, Md Tanvir Rahman, Tofazzal Islam, M Anwar Hossain","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70440","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subclinical mastitis (SCM) reduces milk yield and promotes antibiotic use, contributing to antimicrobial resistance. However, information on milk microbiome dysbiosis and resistome alterations in dairy cows remains limited. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing of 30 milk samples from 20 cows classified as SCM (n = 10), antibiotic-treated (ANT; n = 10), and healthy milk (HM; n = 10). Bacteriome, resistome, and metabolic functions were analyzed using bioinformatic tools. Microbial alpha diversity was significantly higher in HM than SCM and ANT samples (p < 0.05), with the greatest richness observed in Local Zebu and Middle-aged (5-8 years) cows. However, beta diversity did not differ significantly among groups (PERMANOVA, p > 0.05). A total of 665 bacterial species belonging to 15 phyla were identified, with Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, and Bacillota comprising 90%-99% of total abundance. SCM milk was dominated by Actinoalloteichus sp. (40.55%) and Vibrio furnissii (37.01%), while Staphylococcus aureus was enriched (1.74%) compared with HM and ANT (< 0.01%). ANT milk showed increased abundance of Acinetobacter johnsonii (10.52%), whereas HM samples contained beneficial commensals, including Pseudomonas lundensis, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, and Lactococcus lactis. Similar taxonomic shifts were observed across breeds and age groups. In total, 194 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) were detected, with SCM harboring the largest repertoire (n = 161). Nevertheless, macrolide-, aminoglycoside-, and β-lactam-resistance genes were significantly enriched in ANT samples (p < 0.01). Correlation analyses linked Escherichia coli and A. johnsonii with multiple ARGs, while Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were associated with lipid metabolism, membrane transport, and xenobiotic biodegradation pathways. These findings reveal bacteriome disruption, ARG enrichment, and functional alterations in SCM and antibiotic-exposed milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13657076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Molecular Identification, and Antimicrobial Resistance Traits of Pasteurella multocida Isolated From Nasal Swabs of Buffaloes in Bangladesh.","authors":"Piash Kumer Ghosh, Asikur Rahman, Milton Roy, Md Abdur Nur Sakib, Md Monjur-E-Alahi Tuha, Masud Ali, Md Shahidur Rahman Chowdhury, Md Bashir Uddin, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Md Mukter Hossain","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mbo3.70432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pasteurella multocida is an important bacterial respiratory pathogen of buffaloes and may cause major economic losses in the livestock sector. But there is a lack of data on its prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance patterns in Bangladesh. The study was cross-sectional, and a total of 400 buffaloes from seven locations in Bangladesh were included in the nasal swab collection. Isolation was done using culture methods and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Associations between infection and risk factors were explored using logistic regression analysis; antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disc diffusion method. The co-resistance patterns were assessed by Pearson's correlation analysis. The culture-based prevalence of P. multocida was 12.25%, compared with a PCR-confirmed prevalence of 7.25%; all PCR-positive isolates were capsular type B, with notable regional variation in prevalence. Buffaloes with respiratory symptoms had significantly greater odds of being infected (OR = 8.88, p < 0.001), and the younger group of animals aged 1-3 years had a greater predisposition to infection than the younger ones, but sex was not significantly associated with infection. The isolates exhibited high antibiotic resistance, as demonstrated by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, particularly against ampicillin (96.55%), oxytetracycline (93.10%), and penicillin-G (89.65%). Cefixime (93.10%) and azithromycin (68.96%) remained largely effective by contrast. Positive correlations were identified between resistance to β-lactams, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. These findings suggest that multidrug-resistant P. multocida type B is circulating in buffaloes in Bangladesh and highlight the need for increased surveillance, rational use of antimicrobials, and integrated control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":"e70432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149111270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy Metal Characteristics and Their Association With Microbial Communities of Wetland Soils of Shengjin and Caizi Lakes, China","authors":"Huiwu Geng,&nbsp;Gang Liu","doi":"10.1002/mbo3.70426","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mbo3.70426","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wetland soils are among the ecosystems most vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances, and they play critical roles in biogeochemical cycling and energy exchange. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of heavy metal distribution and microbial community structures in soil samples from Shengjin Lake and Caizi Lake in China. Analysis of soil physicochemical properties revealed a significant difference in soil pH between the two lakes, whereas no significant differences were detected in organic matter content or cation exchange capacity. Soils from Caizi Lake exhibited significantly higher concentrations of Pb, As, and Hg than those from Shengjin Lake, whereas Cd and Cr concentrations did not differ significantly between the two lakes. Soil microbial analysis demonstrated that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla across all samples. Alpha diversity and principal coordinate analysis revealed significant differences in soil microbial communities between Shengjin and Caizi Lakes. LEfSe analysis indicated that <i>Pedobacter</i>, <i>Nocardioides</i>, and <i>Flavobacterium</i> were significantly enriched in the soils from Shengjin Lake, whereas <i>Arthrobacter</i> was significantly more abundant in the soils from Caizi Lake. To further explore the relationships between heavy metals and microbial communities, we analyzed the correlation heatmaps of the associations among heavy metals, microbial taxa, and KEGG functional pathways in samples from both lakes. Collectively, this study enhances the current understanding of heavy metal distribution and microbial community characteristics in wetland soils and provides a scientific basis for early environmental pollution warnings in the wetland ecosystems of Shengjin and Caizi Lakes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18573,"journal":{"name":"MicrobiologyOpen","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149081499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}