Memory最新文献

{"title":"Beliefs about child witnesses: a survey of Danish legal professionals, social workers and psychologists.","authors":"Trine Sonne, Osman S Kingo","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2691571","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2691571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beliefs about our memory can have consequences for how we act in our everyday life and in professional contexts, including what we expect from witnesses during interviews. Previous research has documented that the beliefs that professionals or laypeople hold regarding witnesses are not always aligned with science. While most studies have targeted beliefs about memory in general, fewer studies have tailored their questionnaires to map out beliefs about child witnesses. In this study, we surveyed 340 Danish professionals including police, psychologists, social workers, judges, defence attorneys, and prosecutors about their beliefs regarding children as witnesses. Since the main interest was to map out current beliefs held by the groups, we did not have predictions regarding specific items. However, since previous research has shown that beliefs held by various professional groups are not always aligned with science, this was also to be expected in this study. Overall, the results replicated earlier findings. It is noteworthy that a large proportion of respondents selected the response category \"neither agree nor disagree\". Furthermore, prior training was found to influence the responses. Key areas where an update of the knowledge base is deemed relevant are highlighted and future directions are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"927-938"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating how adopting different deceptive strategies simultaneously affects memory.","authors":"Fabiana Battista, Henry Otgaar, Ivan Mangiulli, Antonietta Curci","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2025.2538718","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2025.2538718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research has shown that lying can affect memory differently depending on the type of strategy (e.g., false denials, feigning amnesia, fabrication). At present, no studies have investigated how using different strategies simultaneously while replying to questions concerning the event impacts on memory. Hence, in the present experiment, participants watched a mock crime video, then they either told the truth (i.e., truth-telling group) or lied about the crime by adopting the three deceptive strategies (i.e., mixed lying group). We also included a third group that did not answer any question (i.e., delayed testing-only control group). After one-week, all participants provided an honest account of their memory for the interview and the crime, along with memory and belief ratings. Lying exerted an undermining effect on memory. That is, liars reported an impaired recall (i.e., fewer correct details and higher commissions) of the event and the interview as compared with those in the truth-telling group. However, the delayed testing-only control group reported a higher impairment than liars and truth-tellers. These findings provide insightful information on the possible mechanisms behind the effects of lying on memory (e.g., lack of rehearsal).</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"986-997"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boundary-constrained chunking shapes local-global positional representations in working memory.","authors":"Xingyu Yang, Yao Wang, Likan Zhan","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2712599","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2712599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chunking is a key mechanism by which working memory (WM) compresses sequential information, yet little is known about how it reorganises positional representations. We examined when chunking produces stable and shared local-global positional structure in WM. Across four behavioural experiments, participants encoded nine-item sequences and later reported the original position of a probed item. The sequence types differed in the source and strength of chunk-defining boundaries: structured linguistic sequences, scrambled linguistic sequences, color-segmented shape sequences, and uniformly colored shape sequences. We characterised positional representations by applying parameterised behavioural representational similarity analysis to position-specific response distributions. Structured linguistic sequences produced a near-orthogonal geometry, indicating clearly separable local and global positional structure. Color-segmented shape sequences yielded a reduced-angle, reduced-scale geometry, suggesting weaker local-global organization; individual-level analyses further indicated that this intermediate group-level solution partly reflected participant-level heterogeneity. In contrast, scrambled linguistic and uniformly colored shape sequences were best described by one-dimensional solutions, implying that local and global dimensions were no longer separable when explicit boundary cues were absent. These findings suggest that chunking does not produce a uniform representational format in WM; instead, separable local-global structure depends on the source and strength of chunking cues.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"974-985"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the relationship between stress and prospective memory in everyday environments?","authors":"Kaleisha J Condello, Taylor L Swain, Tiana Petropoulos, Nadine S J Stirling, Lucy A Matson, Melanie K T Takarangi","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2692588","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2692588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prospective memory (PM) - remembering to perform future intentions (Rummel et al., 2023, Prospective memories in the wild: Predicting memory for intentions in natural environments. <i>Memory & Cognition, 51</i>(5), 1061-1075. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-022-01379-y) - is essential for maintaining daily functioning and fulfilling important obligations (e.g., taking medication). Yet, various factors can lead to PM failures. Stress - the body's physiological response to a difficult situation/event (Stewart & McFarland, 2020, An investigation of the relations between stress and prospective memory. <i>Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 32</i>(2), 131-145. https://doi.org/10.1080/20445911.2020.1724116) - may be one such factor. Extant research into the stress-PM relationship is limited and yields ambiguous findings, primarily due to poor PM measurement validity. Therefore, our study aimed to examine whether acute and/or chronic stress (measured via stress response and stressor exposure) impair PM performance in everyday environments, using a predominately university-based sample. We developed a novel, ecologically valid paradigm - based on Actual Week (Rendell & Craik, 2000, Virtual week and actual week: Age-related differences in prospective memory. <i>Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14</i>(7), S43-S62. https://doi.org/10.1002/acp.770) - where participants performed a variety of researcher-assigned PM tasks over a four-day period. Overall, <i>acute stress</i> (i.e., our short-term stress indices, aggregated over four-evenings) did not correlate with PM performance, but <i>chronic stressor exposure</i> negatively correlated with PM performance; albeit with a small effect. Additionally, <i>all</i> stress measures were associated with impaired <i>self-reported</i> PM, suggesting that <i>actual</i> PM performance and <i>perceived</i> PM ratings show modest overlap, and likely tap into partially distinct aspects of PM. Our findings highlight the need for more accurate approaches of evaluating stress and PM in everyday life.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"939-953"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148339384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Client-reported prevalence of repressed memory recovery in therapy: a representative U.K. sample.","authors":"Lawrence Patihis","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2714175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2026.2714175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of recovered memories of previously unknown abuse is important because of the risk of memory construction. Asking therapists about such prevalence comes with inherent biases, a problem bypassed by asking a representative sample of therapy clients directly. This study examined client-reported prevalence in a representative U.K. sample of 1507 adults. Of the total sample, 40% reported receiving therapy. Among these, 4.9% reported that a therapist discussed repressed memories of abuse (12% of those who received therapy), with half indicating that the therapist raised it first (2.5% of total sample). Recovered memories of abuse during the course of therapy of previously unknown abuse were reported by 3.6% of the total sample (8.9% of therapy goers). Recovered memories were most associated with primal therapy, internal family systems and psychodynamic therapy. Higher rates of memory recovery in therapy occurred when therapy started in the 1980s and recent decades (2006-2024: 8-12%). Open ended comments provided context to the scepticism in some and belief in repressed memories in others. The findings suggest that recovered memory practices continue to likely affect millions in the UK - resembling U.S. patterns, with implications for disseminating the possibility of memory construction to the public, and in the training of therapists.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma therapy: risks, side effects, and the forensic implications of treatment history.","authors":"Susanna Niehaus, Michaela Sonnicksen","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2711084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2026.2711084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many victims of sexual violence develop trauma-related disorders, often requiring early trauma-focused psychotherapeutic treatment. Guideline-compliant treatments can effectively alleviate PTSD symptoms; the positive effects of recommended trauma-focused techniques are undisputed. Nevertheless, it is important to critically discuss potential risks. Several recent publications on effects of trauma therapy report no cause for concern, emphasising that trauma-specific treatment has no negative effects on the memories of patients who have experienced trauma. This line of reasoning overlooks the fact that patients may already develop trauma-related beliefs or memories through counselling, prior treatments, or content on social media before starting their current trauma-specific treatment. In such cases, even trauma therapy conducted according to standard practice can cause harm. In this article, we focus on such case scenarios, which are encountered in forensic practice. We use case examples to discuss the significance of widespread misconceptions regarding the accessibility of traumatic memories and their role in the iatrogenic development or consolidation of false memories. As will be shown, it is necessary to raise awareness on these risks and on misconceptions which have been disproved. We recommend psychoeducation on the susceptibility of autobiographical memory to errors and a systematic anamnesis prior to the start of trauma-focused interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148679123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyadic coregulation of everyday prospective memory: the role of physical and psychological closeness in romantic couples across adulthood.","authors":"Maximilian Haas, Tabea Meier, Zilla M Huber, Matthias Kliegel, Andrea B Horn","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2675581","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2675581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research has outlined synchronies between romantic partners' everyday affect, health, and well-being, but it remains unclear whether similar processes take place for real-life cognitive abilities and whether there are age differences. The present study investigates the coregulation of cognitive functioning using the example of prospective memory (PM), the ability to remember and correctly execute future intentions. Over 21 days, 61 younger (aged 18-33 years) and 38 older couples (aged 57-86 years) completed an ambulatory assessment comprising a daily PM task. Specifically, we examined the impact of social proximity (i.e., physical closeness and psychological intimacy) on the dyadic coregulation of daily PM. Results revealed that partners' PM performances appeared to be coregulated - independently of whether partners had physically met. In men (but not women), this coregulation was more pronounced on days with greater intimacy and more time spent together. The results were not moderated by age group. In conclusion, the present study indicates that romantic partners coregulate their everyday cognitive performances and that both the physical and psychological dimension of social proximity may impact couples' daily PM performance. Importantly, this implies that relationship quality is essential to a more fine-grained understanding of underlying effects in everyday cognitive processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"816-829"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147973980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potto-biographical memory ≈ autobiographical memory: on the retrieval and organisation of fictional- and personal-event memories.","authors":"Norman R Brown, Liangzi Shi","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2687683","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2687683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study was designed to investigate the proposition that personal-event memories and fictional-event memories are retrieved and structured, on the event level, in much the same way. We conducted three experiments using established methods for studying Autobiographical Memory (AM). Experiments 1 and 2 employed a timed word-cueing task with retrieval-strategy reports. All three experiments used an event-cueing task, collecting RTs, strategy reports, and event-pair relation endorsements. Experiment 1 compared AM with those extracted from a fictional source - in this case, the <i>Harry Potter</i> (<i>HP</i>) series. Experiments 2 and 3 focused exclusively on <i>Potto-biographical</i> memory. In Experiment 2, cue type (neutral vs. HP-specific) was manipulated and in Experiment 3, cue importance (important vs. unimportant) was manipulated. In general, HP and AM performance was similar. Direct retrieval was common when participants responded to word cues (ranging from 52% to 91% across conditions and experiments) and event cues (70% to 84%) and consistently faster than generative retrieval. Event cues often elicited cluster mates (50% to 75%). These results suggest shared core processes across event types that: (a) give rise to memorable event representations, (b) relate noteworthy representations to one another, and (c) enable people to access these representations directly when presented with relevant cues.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"894-913"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conceptual and perceptual chunking of real-world objects in visual working memory.","authors":"Justyna Harasimczuk, Ryan E O'Donnell, Michał Obidziński, Marek Nieznański","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2685598","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2685598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the impact of chunking on visual working memory (VWM) capacity and explored whether its benefits depend on the overlap between studied objects and retrieval probes. Informed by Fuzzy Trace Theory, we examined whether chunking real-world objects is a fully gist-reliant process or whether it preserves coarse- or fine-grained visual detail. To test this, participants completed four experiments involving object pairs that varied in conceptual and/or perceptual similarity. At test, they judged whether a probe was an \"old\" (studied) or \"novel\" (unseen) item. Some distractors were \"related lures\", similar to targets. We compared hit rates and false alarms across conditions (related vs. unrelated pairs), using a signal detection-inspired model. Item-specific and gist-based indices of memory detection showed that chunking enhances object memory for related object pairs, but probing memory with lures related to studied objects revealed that this benefit was largely attributable to gist-based and coarse-grained visual detail memory traces. The findings suggest that chunking based on object relatedness can increase VWM capacity, but at the cost of representing fine-grained visual details of chunked objects.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"858-878"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and transfer of a memory training based on the Episodic Specificity Induction in older adults.","authors":"Rudy Purkart, Gloria Leblond-Baccichet, Samira Mellah, Amelie Jägersberg, Sylvie Belleville","doi":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2672008","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09658211.2026.2672008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Public significance statement: </strong>This study tested the effect of a new memory training programme to facilitate memory retrieval. The programme improved memory performance in older adults, and its benefits generalised to social problem-solving abilities. Because social problem-solving was not directly trained, these results indicate transfer, highlighting the programme's potential for cognitive training interventions targeting older adults' cognitive health.<b>Trial registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06110234.</p>","PeriodicalId":18569,"journal":{"name":"Memory","volume":" ","pages":"797-815"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}